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Untuk mengetahui potensi antibakteri dan konsentrasi optimal jeruju (Acanthus ilicifolius), dilakukan uji daya hambat ekstrak dan fraksi daun terhadap pertumbuhan Vibrio harveyi, bakteri penyebab penyakit pada udang. Daun yang sudah dikeringanginkan diekstraksi dengan metanol, sehingga didapatkan ekstrak kasar (crude). Sebagian dari ekstrak kasar dilakukan fraksinasi dengan metode kolom silika gel dengan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat, n-butanol, etanol, dan metanol. Uji daya hambat dilakukan dengan agar disc diffusion method. Perlakuan yang diberikan adalah ekstrak kasar, fraksi n-heksan, etil asetat, n-butanol, etanol, dan metanol yang masing-masing konsentrasinya 50-1000 ppm, yang diberikan pada kultur V. harveyi pada media Triptic Soy Agar (TSA). Fraksi etil asetat menunjukkan daya hambat terbaik (12 mm), diikuti ekstrak (11,33 mm), dan fraksi n-butanol (11 mm).

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A total of 30 bacterial isolates associated with milkfish gut were collected from traditional ponds at Northern Coast of Central Java, Indonesia. The study was conducted to isolate and identify the milkfish gut bacteria, and evaluate their potential for probiotics. Based on rapid grouping by using rep-PCR resulted in six groups. The six group represented by isolates of BS 11, BPI 01, BPL 10, BPi 03; BPi 08 and BPL 06 were then further selected for subsequent DNA sequencings. According to DNA sequencing it was demonstrated that the diversity of bacteria associated with milfish gut collected from Northern Coast of Central Java, revealed closely similar to Shewanella upenei, Basillus sp, Vibrio fluvialis, Shewanella algae, Shewanella sp. and Photobacterium ganghwense. Further sensitivity test among six baterial isolates demonstrated that Shewanella upenei and Shewanella algae were able to prevent the growth of Vibrio fluvialis and Photobacterium ganghwense. The six selected isolates were also successfully demonstrated antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria Vibrio alginoliticus and Vibrio parahaemolitycus. From this study, it can be concluded that the six bacteria isolated from milkfish intestine were potentially developed for probiotics.

ABSTRAKUdang vaname di Kabupaten Purworejo khususnya Kecamatan Grabag memiliki prospek pasar bagus, hal ini menjadikan budidaya tambak udang vaname menjadi peluang yang sangat besar. Seiring berjalannya kegiatan budidaya udang vaname, perlu diperhatikan aspek kelayakan lahan.  Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan menganalisa kelayakan lahan budidaya tambak udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) di lahan pesisir Kabupaten Purworejo. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada dua lokasi yaitu tambak pesisir desa Ketawangrejo dan Harjobinangun, Kecamatan Grabag Kabupaten Purworejo menggunakan analisis kelayakan lahan dengan metode scoring.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelangsungan hidup dan produksi tergolong cukup tinggi yaitu 90,16% dan 950 kg/0,10 ha untuk tambak pesisir desa Ketawangrejo, dan 81,00% dan 2.825 kg/0,21 ha untuk tambak pesisir desa Harjobinangun.  Tingginya nilai kelangsungan hidup dan produksi yang diperoleh berkaitan dengan aspek bioteknis seperti lokasi dan konstruksi tambak, sarana dan prasarana serta sistem budidaya yang termasuk dalam kategori cukup sesuai (S2) baik. ABSTRACTShrimp vaname in Purworejo Regency, especially Grabag Subdistrict, has good market prospects, this makes the cultivation of vaname shrimp ponds an enormous opportunity. Along with the passage of vaname shrimp farming activities, it is necessary to pay attention to feasibility aspects. The study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the feasibility of vaname shrimp farms (Litopenaeus vannamei) on coastal land in Purworejo District.  This study focused on two locations namely coastal ponds Ketawangrejo village and Harjobinangun, Grabag District Purworejo Regency using land feasibility analysis using the scoring method.  The results showed that survival and production were quite high, namely 90,16% and 950 kg / 0,10 ha for coastal ponds in Ketawangrejo village, and 81,00% and 2.825 kg / 0,21 ha for coastal ponds in the village of Harjobinangun. The high value of survival and production obtained relates to biotechnical aspects such as the location and construction of ponds, facilities and infrastructure as well as cultivation systems which are included in the category of good enough (S2).

Abstract. Desrina, Prayitno S B, Haditomo A H C, Latritiani R, Sarjito S. 2020. Detection of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) DNA in the polychaetes from shrimp ponds suffering white feces syndrome outbreaks. Biodiversitas 21: 369-374. Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is the newly emerging pathogen of farmed shrimp in Asia. EHP was associated with white feces syndrome (WFS) in shrimp because the spores existed in the feces of shrimp with WFS. Polychaetes are benthic invertebrates and potential to contribute to EHP outbreaks in a pond by acquiring the pathogen and transfer it to shrimp upon feeding. The objective of this study was to determine (1) the occurrence of EHP in polychaetes with Giemsa staining of the coelomic fluid, 1-step PCR and histopathology and (2) to determine pathological changes of EHP infected tissues. Polychaetes were obtained from 20 shrimp ponds located in 9 districts along the North Coast of Java Island, Indonesia. There were no EHP spores detected in the stained coelomic fluid. The 1-step PCR analysis was able to detect the EHP DNA (prevalence was 10%). The Alignment of EHP DNA sequence found in polychaetes showed 100% identity with a published sequence. Histopathological examination showed hypertrophy cells and nuclei, however, no EHP mature spores were found in the epithelial cells on the mucosal layer of the stomach and intestines. Although methods used did not give the convergence results, however, a result of PCR and sequence analysis showed that EHP occurred in the polychaetes in the WFS infected ponds at low point prevalence.