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Mistletoe, Viscum album L., (VA) known as “Ökse Otu” in Turkey, is a hemiparasitic shrub that grows especially on the trunks and crowns of broadleaf trees. This study is aimed to determination of the VA’s antioxidant compounds and evaluate their in vitro activities growing on twelve different host trees and determination of in silico approach of compounds against survivin protein. At the same time, the active ingredients determined in HPLC analysis, were performed with molecular docking and molecular dynamics analysis on survivin protein, an apoptosis inhibitor protein in cancer. Antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts of organs of VA were determined. Phytochemical properties of different organs of VA samples taken from different hosts varied as well. Total phenolic content was determined at the highest rate in fruits, followed by leaves and branches, respectively. Total flavonoid content was determined in the highest amounts in the leaves, followed by branches and fruits, respectively. Antioxidant activity values were evaluated with DPPH (using DPPH as a radical), ABTS (using ABTS as radical cation) and FRP tests. The antioxidant activity of the branches of the plant was determined at the highest rate, followed by leaves and fruits, respectively. During in silico analysis, Quercetin, Rosmarinic acid and Catechin were found to bind to survivin protein effectively. These substances can have the potential to become active pharmaceutical ingredients by working with different proteins in the future.

In this study, a total of six fungal samples were isolated from apple, strawberry and orange pulp. DNA sequence analysis was used as molecular identification method. ITS region was aligned in DNA sequence analysis, and an algorithm sequence similarity was done using BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) program to identify these isolates. All the six isolates were identified as Aspergillus fumigates. The total lipid content was varied in the isolates which were ranged from 29.4 to 21.0 mg/100 ml. Moreover, the obtained lipid form mycelium biomass of the isolates was transesterified by a base catalyst. The methyl esters were analyzed by using GC-MS. GC-MS Spectrometry revealed the presence of different fatty acids with long chain (C11:0, C15:0, C17:1, C18:2, C16:1). High efficiency biodiesel can be obtained using long-chain fatty acids. Fatty acid profiles of A. fumigatus isolated from different fruit pulps have confirmed its potentiality as well as showed the beneficial utilization of these fatty acids for biodiesel production.

delta-Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD; E.C. 4.2.1.24) is a metalloprotein and plays a crucial role in heme synthesis. Its sensitivity to toxic metals depends on the metallic co-factors. In this study the effects of some heavy metals on ALADs activity of five Pseudomonas isolates from Akarçay stream (Afyonkarahisar) have been studied in order to determine whether their ALADs could be used as biosensor for lead and other heavy metals contamination. The data obtained from the study were analysed statistically by using SPSS 10.0 software for Windows. According to the results, Ni(II) increased the ALAD activity of Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes and Pseudomonas aureginosa ATTC 27853. Mn(II) also increased the enzymic activity in all strains examined except P. pseudoalcaligenes. These were found not to be statistically meaningful. P. aeruginosa 2's enzymic activity was inhibited by Mg(II) and Zn(II), significantly (p < 0.05). There was a statistically meaningful relation between enzymic activity of both P. pseudoalcaligenes, P. putida and increasing Pb(II) concentration (p < 0.05). In addition, a formula was also deviced in order to determine the doses of metals in the environment of the organisms. As a result of the study, we can suggest that Pseudomonas ALADs can be used as a biosensor for lead and some other heavy metal exposure in aquatic environments.