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Hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings were applied using sol-gel method. Phosphor pentoxide and calcium nitrate were used as phosphorous and calcium precursors, respectively. Zinc nitrate and silver nitrate were used as substitute of calcium in HAp structure. As a base concentration, 1.5 wt %Ag and 2.5 wt %Zn were used. The weight percent of Ag was increased at 0.3 wt% and Zn content was scaled down at 0.5 wt%. Phase analysis and chemical bonds of synthesized materials were studied by XRD and FTIR. Antibacterial activity of Ag- and Zn-doped samples against methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were assessed by the plate-counting method. The XRD and FTIR results proved formation of HAp compound. Colony counting showed that silver and zinc ions prevent proliferation and growth of MRSA. Interestingly, co-presence of metal ions improves the antibacterial effectiveness of the coatings and the combined effect was greater than sum of the individual effects when each was administered alone. Overall, synergism between antibacterial activities of Zn(2+) and Ag(+) ions against MRSA can be suggested. Thus, cell toxicity decreases and biocompatibility increases without any decrement in antibacterial activity.

This study evaluated tracheal regeneration studies using scientometric and co-occurrence analysis to identify the most important topics and assess their trends over time. To provide the adequate search options, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (WOS) were used to cover various categories such as keywords, countries, organizations, and authors. Search results were obtained by employing Bibexcel. Co-occurrence analysis was applied to evaluate the publications. Finally, scientific maps, author's network, and country contributions were depicted using VOSviewer and NetDraw. Furthermore, the first 25 countries and 130 of the most productive authors were determined. Regarding the trend analysis, 10 co-occurrence terms out of highly frequent words were examined at 5-year intervals. Our findings indicated that the field of trachea regeneration has tested different approaches over the time. In total, 65 countries have contributed to scientific progress both in experimental and clinical fields. Special keywords such as tissue engineering and different types of stem cells have been increasingly used since 1995. Studies have addressed topics such as angiogenesis, decellularization methods, extracellular matrix, and mechanical properties since 2011. These findings will offer evidence-based information about the current status and trends of tracheal replacement research topics over time, as well as countries' contributions.

Despite the numerous advantages of PDMS-based substrates in various biomedical applications, they are limited by their highly hydrophobic surface that does not optimally interact with cells for attachment and growth. Hence, the lack of lengthy and straightforward procedures for high-density cell production on the PDMS-based substrate is one of the significant challenges in cell production in the cell therapy field. In this study, we found that the PDMS substrate coated with a combination of polydopamine (PDA) and laminin-511 E8 fragments (PDA + LME8-coated PDMS) can support human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) attachment and growth for the long term and satisfy their demands of differentiation into cardiomyocytes (iCMs). Compared with prior studies, the density of hiPSCs and their adhesion time on the PDMS surface were increased during iCM production. Although the differentiated iCMs beat and produce mechanical forces, which disturb cellular attachments, the iCMs on the PDA + LME8-coated PDMS substrate showed dramatically better attachment than the control condition. Further, the substrate required less manipulation by enabling one-step seeding throughout the process in iCM formation from hiPSCs under animal-free conditions. In light of the results achieved, the PDA + LME8-coated PDMS substrate will be an up-and-coming tool for cardiomyocyte production for cell therapy and tissue engineering, microfluidics, and organ-on-chip platforms.

Cellulose powder was oxidized by NO2 gas and the porous scaffold was fabricated by dry pressing. RGD peptide was immobilized on the surface of scaffold by grafting to make a hybrid scaffold. The hybrid scaffold was characterized by SEM and FTIR and its biocompatibility was examined through MTT assay. FTIR results proved oxidization of cellulose and bonding between scaffold surface and RGD. Porous microstructure having suitable size was confirmed by SEM. The results by MTT showed significant increase of viable cells on hybrid scaffold. Porous structure and high biocompatibility were the benefits of scaffold in bone tissue engineering.

Cells are smart creatures that respond to every signal after isolation and in vitro culture. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) gradually lose their characteristic spindle shape, multi-lineage differentiation potential, self-renewal ability,...

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Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women, with an estimated 12% of women in the United States affected during their lifetime. Researchers have demonstrated that early detection, diagnosis, and treatment are pivotal to increasing survival. The advent of nanotechnology has yielded several novel advances and available modern methods within the clinic to detect and treat breast cancer. Inorganic nanoparticles are broadly utilized for cancer diagnosis and therapeutic purposes. Interestingly, these nanoparticles can also be attached to tumor-specific ligands and used to deliver chemotherapeutic or hormonal agents with high levels of tumor selectivity. Iron oxide nanoparticles are one of the most commonly used nanomaterials, which have attracted much attention to detect and treat breast cancers, owing to their superparamagnetic characteristics. Computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) utilizing iron-based magnetic nanoparticles are promising approaches for the radiological detection of breast cancer. Here, we discuss the roles and recent applications of iron oxide nanoparticles in diagnosing and treating breast cancer.