Background: Numerous studies investigate finding new drug candidates with an increasing death rate caused by cancer. Nowadays, herbal medicine has been noticed again because of the many side effects of chemical drugs. Objectives: In the current study, anthocyanin and carotenoid types of compounds of Ocimum basilicum and Impatiens walleriana were determined and their cytotoxic effect on human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) and human ovarian carcinoma (SKOV-3) cancer cell lines were investigated. The cytotoxic effect of I. walleriana on cancer cells has not been reported so far. Methods: The amount of anthocyanin and carotenoid derivatives in these two plant species were investigated by biochemical tests, 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), and flow cytometry methods were applied for the cytotoxicity effect of the extracts on the AGS and SKOV3 cancer cell lines. Cell necrosis and apoptosis were determined by annexin V-fluorescent isothiocyanate/propidium iodide (FITC/PI) staining and quantification by flow cytometry. Results: O. basilicum and I. walleriana contained a noticeable amount of the mentioned compounds. According to the results, the lowest IC50 (Half- maximal inhibitory concentration) value with an amount of 2.5 ± 0.21 mg/mL that indicates the most cytotoxic extract on the AGS cancer cell line belonged to I. walleriana extract. Besides, the lowest IC50 value of O. basilicum was about 0.9 ± 0. 11 mg/mL on the SKOV3 cancer cell line. The flow cytometry analysis has also proved that the toxicity of O. basilicum is more than I. walleriana on the SKOV3 cell line and the toxicity of I. walleriana was higher than O. basilicum on the AGS cancer cell line. Conclusions: O. basilicum and I. walleriana contain antioxidant compounds, which showed the cytotoxic effect on AGS and SKOV3 cancer cell lines. Further studies on animal models and subsequent trials are necessary for revealing the full potential of the extracts.

Background: Free radicals cause many diseases in humans. Antioxidants reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke by neutralizing free radicals and on the other hand, prevent the progression of cancer. The natural antioxidant enhances the antioxidant properties of plasma to prevent diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and stroke. Secondary metabolites derived from plants have a strong potential for antioxidant activity. Methods: The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activities of two native plants species, including Polygonatum orientale Desf and Tilia dasystyla extracts, which are obtained with three different solvents (water, ethanol, and methanol) and two extraction methods (sonication and water bath) by DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl) and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Potential) methods. This study is the first research to investigate the antioxidant properties of Polygonatum orientale Desf and Tilia dasystyla. Results: The results showed that methanol solvent had a higher efficiency among the other solvents in extracting of antioxidant compounds. Also, antioxidant level of Tilia dasystyla was higher than Polygonatum oriental Desf. In this regard, the highest FRAP values of Tilia dasystyla belonged to methanol solvent and water bath method with the amount of 2.72 ± 0.36 (mM). Whereas the highest FRAP values of Polygonatum orientae Desf belonged to methanol solvent and sonication method with the amount of 0.147 ± 0.01 (mM). Conclusions: Both plants showed antioxidant properties but Tilia dasystyla had higher antioxidant activities than Polygonatum orientale Desf. Methanol was more effective solvent in extracting antioxidant compounds and also water bath method was generally an effective method for extraction.

Ovarian cancer is one of the deadliest cancer in women causing abnormal cancerous cells that can spread and metastasize to other parts of the body. Secondary metabolites are highly variable in terms of structural and chemical properties and they are very important for plants survival. In this study, the extracts of Ocimum basilicum and Impatiens walleriana using three different solvents (water, ethanol 80% and methanol 80%) and water bath extraction method were obtained. phenolic compounds of extracts were determined by Folin Sioculto method. DPPH (2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and FRAP (Ferric reducing ability of plasma) methods were performed for determination of antioxidant properties. The amount of phenolic compounds in two plants was higher in 80% methanol solvent and the most antioxidant activities were observed in water solvent of extracts. Water solvent had the highest antioxidant activity and was selected to investigate the anti-cancer properties of extracts on ovarian cancer cell line. Water extract of Ocimum basilicum within72 hours had the highest cytotoxic effect with an IC50 value of 1.105 ± 0.001 mg / ml. In current study, antimicrobial activities of extracts were determined on staphylococcus aureus by disc diffusion method. The highest antibacterial properties was observed only in ethanol extracts of two plants. In the measurement of MIC and MBC, ethanol and methanol extracts of Ocimum basilicum and water and ethanol extracts in Imatiens walleriana had the most inhibitory and bactericide effects.

Background: Osteosarcoma; is one of the most common malignant tumors. Nowadays, because of the many side effects of cancer drugs, the usage of herbal medicine which can inhibit or eliminate cancer cells by their antioxidant compounds is increased. Objectives: In the present study anticancer effect of Tilia dasystyla and Polygonatum orientale Desf different extracts on osteogenic sarcoma (Saos-2) cancer cell line was investigated and their polyphenolic compounds were identified by liquid chromatographymass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. The cytotoxic effect of these extracts on Saos-2 cell line and identification of their phenolic compounds have not been reported so far. Methods: Cancer cell lines were provided from Department of Biological Sciences, Bursa University, Turkey. Different concentrations of the methanol, ethanol, and diluted water extracts (0.5-5 mg/mL) were tested on Saos-2 cell line. After 24, 48, and 72 hours, the cell viability was evaluated using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. For the investigation of total phenolic compounds of T. dasystyla and P. orientale Desf extracts LC-MS method was applied. Results: According to the results diluted water extracts on the Saos-2 cancer cell line showed more cytotoxic effect than other solvents. The lowest IC50 value was 0.58 ± 0.01 mg/mL within 72 hours belonged to T. dasystyla water extract. Conclusions: Tilia dasystyla and Polygonatum orientale Desf extracts contain some polyphenolic compounds which showed cytotoxic effect on Saos-2 cancer cell line. The full potential of these herbal extracts is yet to be realized by further studies on animal models and subsequent trials.

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