2013 curriculum of Indonesia has amended English as an extra-curricular or a local content subject at primary schools. There are no standards to achieve and the teachers have to find the appropriate strategies to its delivery. It triggers the teachers’ lack of confidence in terms of content and methods. On the other hand, cognitive domain with the test as achievement standard regardless providing the experience of using the language for communication has been practiced. Integrating the thematic units of primary schools’ thematic lesson seems possible to carry out because the teacher can use its themes or sub-themes as a topic for Teaching English to Young Learners (TEYL). This exploratory case study employs in-depth interviews with three teachers from well-established schools using a semi-structured interview, observations for field notes, and focus group discussion. The findings reveal that all teachers developed the materials for their teaching based on the regular class thematic lessons and a book provided by the local government. As for teaching practice, they have implemented the CLIL principles although they did not realize it. Ultimately, CLIL adaptation is appropriate for TEYL as that representative area in as much as teacher’s English language proficiency and pedagogical competency are upgraded. Highlights: Teaching English to Young Learners (TEYL) should provide the young learners opportunities to use the English language contextually. Soft CLIL does not require a high level of achievement in language but it provides the students simple language instruction with simplified materials.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTERPADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIKDI SD MUHAMMADIYAH 9 KOTA MALANGRina Wahyu Setyaningrum dan Husamahe-mail: rinawahyus2004@yahoo.comAbstract:This study aims to gain learning model of character education on thematic learningin SD Muhammadiyah Malang 9. Learning model is composed of a device and guide studentlearning. Acquisition of the model begins with the study of literature, observations madeduring this study, analysis was then prepared a draft design of the model and continued withlimited testing in class 1A. Results from the trial, it is known that the prepared draft model stillneeds to be refined, especially in the student guide. This is because at the time of trial, theguide is still not able to guide students in learning. Sentences in the guide is still bias. Based oninterviews, the students feel bothered utilizing the student guide. In addition to its unusual useguide as well as instructions for using the manual has not been so clear. But overall, this modelis useful to become one of the guidelines in determining measures or policies related toimproving the quality of learning in SD Muhammadiyah Malang 9, especially in the classroomwhere the trial.Abstrak:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan model pembelajaran pendidikan karakterpada pembelajaran tematik di SD Muhammadiyah 9 Kota Malang. Model pembelajaran yangdimaksud terdiri dari perangkat pembelajaran dan panduan siswa. Pemerolehan model tersebutdiawali dengan studi literatur, observasi pembelajaran yang dilakukan selama ini, analisiskemudian disusun draf desain model dan dilanjutkan dengan uji coba terbatas di kelas 1A.Hasil dari uji coba, diketahui bahwa draf model yang disusun masih perlu disempurnakan,khususnya pada panduan siswa. Hal ini karena pada saat uji coba, panduan tersebut masihbelum mampu untuk memandu siswa dalam belajar. Kalimat-kalimat yang ada di dalampanduan masih bias. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara, siswa merasa repot memanfaatkan panduansiswa tersebut. Selain karena tidak biasa menggunakan panduan juga karena petunjukpenggunaan panduan belum begitu jelas. Namun secara keseluruhan, model ini berguna untukmenjadi salah satu pedoman dalam menentukan langkah atau kebijakan terkait denganpeningkatan kualitas pembelajaran di SD Muhammadiyah 9 Malang, khususnya di kelastempat uji coba.Kata Kunci: model pembelajaran, pendidikan karakter, pembelajaran tematik
The newest 2013 Curriculum in Indonesia puts English as an extracurricular activity. It is an irony regarding the long process of elevating English as a foreign language accepted worldwide. As now English is an extra-curricular activity, there is no standard to achieve. That aforementioned fact requires that English practitioners seek for solutions. One of the proposed solutions is by involving non-English teachers from all grades in Primary School in managing English extracurricular activities by integrating authentic materials. The steps, drawn from the qualitative data collecting technique, incorporated the forms of training all teachers at primary schools, writing a guideline in conducting extra-curricular activities by integrating authentic materials, constructing the guideline advisory processes, and presenting the guideline in the form of lesson plans. The results of this current study propose insightful description on how English extra-curricular activities are supposed to be properly and well conducted.
Innovation which means change or novelty in education is also closely related to Teaching English to Young Learners (TEYL) provide opportunities for learners to gain experience using English contextually. This is the implication of the new paradigm of English as an International Language (EIL)in which learning English is no longer aimed at forming learners to speak as the native speakers. The main focus EIL is wider access to the complexity of English and the experience of using that language to interact. Therefore, innovations in TEYL is needed to answer the challenges of changing the status of English in Primary Schools (SD) from subject to extra-curricular. Those who must be experienced in planning, implementing, and assessing English learning are pre-service EYL teachers (PSTs). Referring to lesson plans developed by PSTs, observation and interviews, the innovations in thematic lessons for TEYL were investigated. The findings showed that all lesson plans have been integrating innovations, including character building in accordance with the 2013 curriculum and intercultural competency that are important for language learning. To interact in the classroom, first language (L1) was used with colloquial variation, code-mixing and code-switching as well as translation. In conclusion, the innovative lessons for TEYL has been practiced by prospective primary school English teachers for preparing themselves to teach at the real school setting after their graduation. It is suggested that further research will be carried out at primary schools participated by in-service teachers and focused on each innovation in order to find TEYL innovative models.
Project-Based Learning Method in Teaching English Speaking Skill For Eleventh Grade of SMA Negeri 3 Malang
For any different objectives of teaching EYL at primary schools in Indonesia, qualified EYL teachers are urgently needed. Pre-service teaching program is expected to provide experience of using proper English language in classroom setting. This case study aimed at describing the first language (L1) instruction used by the pre-service teachers of English for Young Learners (EYL) at the Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang (UMM). The findings depicted that L1 was used as a language of instruction to explain the materials and to clarify the instruction given in L2. It is recommended for the pre-service teachers of EYL to use L2 with demonstration, L2 Context Clues, and L1 translation. Ultimately, the use of L1 in L2 teaching is mandatory to communicate the topic and enhance the students - pre-service teacher interactions. As for meeting the purpose of interaction, the use of L1 should involve actional, conversational, and non-verbal competences. In the long run, the impact of L1 in L2 learning in earlier levels can be recognized from good interpersonal communication in English.
Virginia Woolf is one of the modernist writers who write Mrs. Dalloway for which Michael Cunningham has taken Virginia’s life story into his novel, The Hours that characterized Laura Brown who reads Mrs. Dalloway. Cunningham’s literary work which foregrounds the uncertainty of sexual orientation, confusion, and difficulty of identity is suitable with postmodernism’s conventions and is valid in both Woolf's and Cunningham's novels. There have been studies conducted by the scholars in terms of various technical aspects, such as narrative, design, and structure. The other topics comprise the equivalence of characters, the parallelism of scenes, and the borrowing of themes and symbolism, in order to demonstrate the effects of the adaptation process. This paper focuses on Laura Brown’s inner conflicts which are connected to postmodernism features. From the quotations in the novel, this paper showcases the novel’s analysis based on Ihab Hassan’s theory of postmodernism’s indeterminacy and irony. It is found that Laura Brown’s inner conflicts are shown from her efforts of being a good wife for Dan. She is trying hard to answer her own question whether or not she loves her husband. Ironically, the perfect status of being a wife of a soldier who takes part in winning the World War II, a woman with a perfect family, as well as a woman living a good life, do not make her happy. Mrs. Dalloway has inspired her to find her true happiness, her former self that has disappeared.
Racism and Injustice have put Jefferson, a poor young black man, into an electrocution for murder and burglary that he has never done. As a coloured, he cannot do anything than accept the defense attorney verdict – white American Supreme Court’s desegregation – who addresses him as a “hog.” It leaves an inferior feeling that he is nothing but a hog. Comparing him to a hog attracts Miss Emma’s protest that she would like him walking to the electric chair as a human. Therefore, to get Jefferson understands that he is worth a man, she asks Grant Wiggins – an educated black teacher to educate him so he could die a man. In fact, the biggest challenge Grant faces when he looks at Jefferson is his feeling of looking at himself as a man experiencing the same type of racism and discrimination at the oppressive white community. Whereas, educating Jefferson to be a man is difficult as he has to make himself confident with his existence before determining ways of assuring Jefferson as an existing man who will walk to the electric chair on two feet, not a hog. Educating is underpinning people to have great control over lives and surroundings. Its importance deals with functioning the knowledge significant to empower. This is convincing that Jefferson should be educated so that he will not degrade himself as coloured because of his inability to say even a word to defend himself. Using the existentialism philosophy, Grant and Jefferson’s educational commitment in A Lesson Before Dying is discussed based on five themes of Sartre’s existentialism. It reveals that Grant does not get any positive response once he starts teaching. Gradually, Jefferson speaks to him after being attracted by his personal feelings. Grant’s ultimate achievement is when he can make Jefferson writes a diary, to portray some individual matters. What Grant has accomplished is his ability to link the themes, relevant to the philosophy of education. Grant succeeds in transforming Jefferson as a man who has dignity.
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