Dental caries is one of the chronic irreversible diseases affecting the sound tooth structures, which have a direct impact on the quality of life in the children. 1,2 The decay in the primary teeth extending in enamel and dentin can be rehabilitated with different restorative materials. 3 The primary teeth with spontaneous pain history, however, need to be treated pulpally to relieve the pain and also to preserve the teeth functionally until its normal exfoliation. 4 The pulpectomy is the treatment of choice for pulpally infected primary teeth, which involves removal of the complete pulpal tissue, debridement of the root
The anatomical crown of the tooth is covered by enamel and root is covered by cementum. The dentin forms the major part of the tooth. The dentin structure is very similar to that of the bone both physically and chemically which is why many scientists have wondered about using its properties for developing a novel bone graft material. In contrast with hard and brittle enamel dentin is viscoelastic. The organic structure of dentin which is about 35% is composed of mainly type I collagen embedded in mucopolysaccharides ground substance. Approximately half of the non-collagenous composition consists of hyperphosphorylated proteins. The acidic glycoproteins, Gla-proteins, serum proteins, proteoglycans etc. composes the remaining part. The dentin matrix consists of many similar proteins as that of bone like dentin phosphoprotein, dentin sialoprotein etc.. The matrix also consists of many growth factors. Any external disturbance like an infection, trauma, calcium or phosphorous metabolic changes can lead to defective amelogenesis. Mutational changes can lead to defect in dentin. An early diagnosis can result in a satisfactory treatment plan contributing to functional and esthetical compensation.
Tooth biomaterial may be useful in bone regeneration for restoring peri-implant defects in vivo. The aim of this study was to compare bone regeneration capacity in peri-implant defects augmented with autogenous tooth biomaterial combined with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), tooth biomaterial alone, or PRF alone. Two monocortical defects were generated on each tibia of 10 New Zealand white rabbits (n = 10 per group) with a trephine bur, and the dental implant was installed into the defects. In experimental groups 1, 2, and 3, the peri-implant defects were filled with tooth biomaterial and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), tooth biomaterial only, and PRF only, respectively and the control was left empty. Micro computed tomography (CT), implant stability, and histomorphometric analysis were conducted eight weeks after operation. The mean regenerated bone areas were 53.87 ± 7.60%, 51.56 ± 6.45%, and 18.45 ± 1.34% in experimental groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and 11.57 ± 1.12% in the control. Mean bone-to-implant contact values were 43.67 ± 2.50%, 41.07 ± 2.59%, and 21.45 ± 1.25% in experimental groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and 16.57 ± 2.83% in the control. Tooth biomaterial enriched with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and tooth biomaterial alone showed more enhanced regeneration than PRF alone in our study.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of tooth biomaterials as bone graft biomaterials for bone healing in rabbits. We prepared tooth biomaterial and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) to fill the round-shaped defect in the skull of New Zealand white rabbits. These cranial defects were treated with different conditions as follows: group 1, a mixture of tooth biomaterials and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF); group 2, only tooth biomaterials; group 3, only PRF; and group 4, the unfilled control group. Specimens of the filled sites were harvested for analysis with microscopic computerized tomography (micro-CT) and histomorphology at 4 and 8 weeks. As a result of micro-CT, at 4 weeks, the bone volume percentages in groups 1 and 2 were
50.33
±
6.35
and
57.74
±
3.13
, respectively, and that in the unfilled control group was
42.20
±
10.53
(
p
=
0.001
). At 8 weeks, the bone volume percentages in groups 1 and 2 were
53.73
±
9.60
and
54.56
±
8.44
, respectively, and that in the unfilled control group was
37.86
±
7.66
(
p
=
0.002
). The difference between the experimental group 3 and the unfilled control group was not statistically significant. Histomorphologically, the total new bone was statistically different.
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