Bone Regeneration in Peri-Implant Defect Using Autogenous Tooth Biomaterial Enriched with Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Animal Model

Abstract

Tooth biomaterial may be useful in bone regeneration for restoring peri-implant defects in vivo. The aim of this study was to compare bone regeneration capacity in peri-implant defects augmented with autogenous tooth biomaterial combined with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), tooth biomaterial alone, or PRF alone. Two monocortical defects were generated on each tibia of 10 New Zealand white rabbits (n = 10 per group) with a trephine bur, and the dental implant was installed into the defects. In experimental groups 1, 2, and 3, the peri-implant defects were filled with tooth biomaterial and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), tooth biomaterial only, and PRF only, respectively and the control was left empty. Micro computed tomography (CT), implant stability, and histomorphometric analysis were conducted eight weeks after operation. The mean regenerated bone areas were 53.87 ± 7.60%, 51.56 ± 6.45%, and 18.45 ± 1.34% in experimental groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and 11.57 ± 1.12% in the control. Mean bone-to-implant contact values were 43.67 ± 2.50%, 41.07 ± 2.59%, and 21.45 ± 1.25% in experimental groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and 16.57 ± 2.83% in the control. Tooth biomaterial enriched with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and tooth biomaterial alone showed more enhanced regeneration than PRF alone in our study.

Micro-CT and Histomorphometric Study of Bone Regeneration Effect with Autogenous Tooth Biomaterial Enriched with Platelet-Rich Fibrin in an Animal Model

“…However, results from this study cannot provide the significant bone formation ability of PRF, although PRF has important cytokines involved in initial healing. This is similar to the results of an earlier study where PRF, when used alone in a peri-implant bone defect for bone regeneration, did not show any significant difference from the control group [ 27 ]. Another study with noncritical size defects in the rabbit tibia did not observe any significant enhanced effects in healing dynamics with the use of leucocyte PRF [ 28 ].…”

Histomorphometric Evaluation of Socket Preservation Using Autogenous Tooth Biomaterial and BM-MSC in Dogs

“…A total of n = 48 premolars were extracted. After extraction of 4 premolars of one random side, the teeth were processed by the Korea Tooth Bank as explained in an earlier study [ 3 ]. While the extraction sockets on one side were filled with tooth biomaterial alone in group 1 ( n = 12), tooth biomaterial with BM-MSCs was used in group 2 ( n = 12), and the extraction sockets on the other side remained unfilled, control group ( n = 24).…”

“…Recently, with the development of biological materials and imaging techniques, an autologous bone substitute is a prime focus of many researchers. Recently, many studies are using autogenous bone grafts in combination with platelet-rich fibrin [ 3 ] or recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 [ 4 , 5 ], etc., to evaluate enhanced bone regeneration effect. An autogenous tooth biomaterial can be easily prepared from an extracted tooth which was nonrestorable or a third molar.…”

“…It is biocompatible and avoids recipient site morbidity. It can be useful as graft material because of its osteoconductive properties [ 3 ].…”

“…Distinctive physicochemical properties of tooth biomaterial intend it to be used either with or without applying a barrier membrane. The data of some studies suggests that tooth biomaterial's physicochemical properties can enhance wound healing after extraction [ 3 , 16 ]. It can be hypothesized that immediately after a tooth biomaterial paste is applied, a three-dimensional protein cover on the surface is built.…”