Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui varietas sorgum, jenis aplikasi input FMA atau bahan organik yang sesuai untuk pertumbuhan sorgum di lahan suboptimal pesisir serta menentukan pengaruh interaksi yang terbaik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan teknik budidaya sorgum input rendah menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap dengan dua faktorial sebanyak tiga kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah 3 varietas sorgum; Kefa Coklat (V1), Numbu (V2) dan Samurai (V3). Faktor kedua berupa aplikasi fungi mikoriza arbuskular (FMA) dosis 5 g/tanaman (P1), kompos sawit dosis 5 ton/ha (P2), bokashi dosis 5 ton/ha (P3). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas sorgum yang lebih berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di lahan pesisir sebagai hijauan pakan ternak adalah varietas samurai, sedangkan untuk hasil produksi adalah  varietas numbu. Bahan pembenah tanah yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil di lahan pesisir adalah aplikasi pupuk kandang dengan dosis 5 ton/ha dibandingkan dengan aplikasi pupuk TKKS 5 ton/ ha dan FMA 5 gr/ tanaman. Kombinasi Varietas sorgum kefa coklat dengan pupuk kandang sesuai untuk dikembangkan dilahan pesisir sebagai hijauan pakan ternak, sedangkan untuk hasil produksi biji adalah  varietas numbu dikombinasikan dengan pupuk kandang. Kata Kunci : Lahan Pesisir, Varietas Sorgum, Pupuk Kandang, Mikoriza

Sweet sorghum is one of the superior commodities to increase the production of food and energy. Sweet sorghum seeds produce carbohydrates that can be processed into food ingredients, while the sap from the stems and starch in the seeds can be converted into bioethanol through fermentation processes. Sweet sorghum crops tolerant to drought and stagnant water can produce on marginal land and relatively resistant to pests and diseases. This research aims to determine the interaction between sweet sorghum varieties and kinds of organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of sweet sorghum in dryland. The research method is a factorial experiment using Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD), which consists of two factors, which is sweet sorghum varieties and manure types. The varieties which were used are Kawali and Numbu. The second treatment used is without manure, chicken manure, goat manure, cow manure, and vermicompost. The total treatment combination is ten units, and each combination is repeated three times. The research variables are plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index, fresh stover weight, dry stover weight, sap content, panicle length, number of seeds per panicle, and production per hectare. Data were analyzed using the F test with a 95% confidence level if there is significantly a difference and then followed by the DMRT method at the 5% level. This research shows that the highest production per hectare is sorghum treatments by chicken manure equal 2.64 ton/ha, and this yield is higher than all other treatments.

Red chili is one of the strategic horticultural commodities in Indonesia. Improved cultivation technology is required to increase the production of red chili. This research aim to determines the optimal dosage of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) to increase the growth and yield of red chili. The research was designed in a Factorial Randomized Complete Block. The first factor was mycorrhizae with three dosages levels: 0, 5, and 10 g plant-1. The other factor was liquid organic fertilizer with 4 level concentrations of 0, 5, 10, and 15 ml l-1. The result shows that mycorrhizal inoculation increase the root absorption area. Liquid organic fertilizer increased nutrient sources for plants and improved the physical, biological, and chemical soil. Mycorrhizal inoculation and LOF improved the growth of red chili, there were plant height, number of branches, stem diameter, header width, and leaf area index. The yield components also increased the number of fruit, fruit length, fruit weight, and productivity. The highest productivity was resulted by the treatment of AMF 10 g plant-1 and 15 ml l-1 LOF (11.16 t ha-1), that was 33% higher than without treatment.

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Johar (<em>Cassia seamea</em>) is a medicinal plant with a cassiarin A compound to combat malaria and has a low Cassiarin A is an active compound in Johar (<em>Cassia seamea</em>) medicinal plant capable of combating malaria, despite showing a low seed production rate due to dormancy. This inactivity is severed using gibberellic acid (GA₃) treatments. This study aims to determine the effects of concentration and soaking period of GA₃ on seed germination and growth of Johar seedlings. A completely randomized design (CRD), consisting of 2 treatments was applied as the research method. The first treatment employed GA₃ concentrations of 0, 45, 90 and 135 ppm, while the second was based on the soaking interval at 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours. The results showed the capacity of GA₃ able to shatter the seed dormancy with percentage germination of 43.03% and a concentration of 50.28 ppm. Therefore, the interaction of the two treatments significantly influenced the growth of Johar seedlings. Consequently, the concentration of GA₃ at 79.89 ppm increased the root length to 52.19 cm, while 84.68 ppm produced a total of 20.91 roots, after a 6 hour soaking. In addition, the 96.67 ppm expanded the stem diameter by 0.93 cm.

<span lang="IN">Jahe merah merupakan tanaman obat yang bermanfaat, baik </span><span lang="EN-ID">untuk</span><span lang="IN"> kesehatan maupun makanan olahan. Tujuan kegiatan ini </span><span lang="IN">memberikan pengetahuan budidaya jahe merah mulai perbenihan sampai cara budidaya Jahe Merah. Kegiatan dilakukan di </span><span lang="EN-ID">Dusun</span><span lang="IN"> Pelem, Desa Wonorejo, Kecamatan Jatiyoso, </span><span lang="EN-ID">Kabupaten </span><span lang="IN">Karanganyar. </span><span lang="IN">Metode yang digunakan </span><span>yaitu</span><span lang="IN"> penyuluhan partisipatif, </span><span>dimana </span><span lang="EN-ID">para</span><span class="style431"><span lang="IN">petani secara langsung terlibat, baik dalam sosialisasi maupun penyuluhan. </span></span><span lang="IN">Kegiatan dilaksanakan dengan beberapa tahapan sebagai berikut: 1) Koordinasi dengan tokoh masyarakat dan petani mitra; 2) Sosialisasi pelaksanaan kegiatan; 3) Penyuluhan tentang budidaya jahe merah, dan 4) Pelatihan budidaya jahe merah di <em>polybag</em>. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa petani sebagai objek sangat tertarik dan berminat dalam budidaya jahe merah, yang tercermin dari keaktifan dalam berdiskusi maupun dalam melaksanakan pelatihan. Kondisi tanah dan agroklimat yang sesuai mendukung budidaya jahe merah di </span><span lang="EN-ID">D</span><span lang="IN">usun Pelem, sehingga dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani.</span>

Sorghum is a versatile, drought-resistant cereal crop. Increasing sorghum production needs special attention, although Indonesia has the potential for sorghum development. Irradiated chitosan can be used as a plant growth promoter and organic fertilizer to improve the performance of sorghum. This study aims to provide recommendations for sorghum varieties that are suitable for development and planting in dry land and are known to be able to control pests organically with the application of chitosan irradiation with optimum concentration. The experimental design was a separate plot with sorghum varieties (Numbu, Keller, and Kawali) as the main plot and the irradiated concentrations of chitosan (without irradiation, 2, 4, and 6 ml.L^-1) as subplots. The results showed that the sorghum variety and the optimum chitosan irradiation concentration of 2.76 and 5.15 ml.L^-1 increased the dry weight of stover per plant by 93.04 g per plant and increased the sugar content of sorghum with Brix 15.03%. The varieties of Numbu, Keller, and Kawali significantly affected plant height, number of leaves, weight of 100 seeds, and plant fresh weight per plot or forage of sorghum.

The downside of fossil fuels as non-renewable energy resources in Indonesia has led to invent alternative energy resources. One of alternative sources is biofuels, which are derived from organic compound that originated from plants and living creatures. Here, we used sorghum as a source of biofuels, but current knowledge of sorghum cultivation on dry land is limited. This study aims to determine the influence of sorghum genotypes on their growth and yield in a dry land, and to analyze the potential of sorghum as biofuels. This research was carried out in low land, on vertisol soil, from August to November 2020. We applied a completely randomized block design with one factor and 3 replications. Seven sorghum varieties were identified namely Numbu, Super 1, Suri 3, Keller, Kawali, Black Sorghum, and Bioguma-2. The results showed that each variety had different genetical properties leading to various growth rates in both vegetative and generative phases. Our finding revealed that Keller variety was the most productive sorghum plant as it produced the highest sugar content (20°Brix). Also, Keller was the tallest plants (>300 cm) compared to other varieties. Bioguma-2 was the second, which was proven by its longest stem (307 cm) and high stem sap content (18°Brix). Thus, we recommended the Keller and Bioguma-2 as the suitable sorghum variety to be utilized in biofuels manufacturing.