The downside of fossil fuels as non-renewable energy resources in Indonesia has led to invent alternative energy resources. One of alternative sources is biofuels, which are derived from organic compound that originated from plants and living creatures. Here, we used sorghum as a source of biofuels, but current knowledge of sorghum cultivation on dry land is limited. This study aims to determine the influence of sorghum genotypes on their growth and yield in a dry land, and to analyze the potential of sorghum as biofuels. This research was carried out in low land, on vertisol soil, from August to November 2020. We applied a completely randomized block design with one factor and 3 replications. Seven sorghum varieties were identified namely Numbu, Super 1, Suri 3, Keller, Kawali, Black Sorghum, and Bioguma-2. The results showed that each variety had different genetical properties leading to various growth rates in both vegetative and generative phases. Our finding revealed that Keller variety was the most productive sorghum plant as it produced the highest sugar content (20°Brix). Also, Keller was the tallest plants (>300 cm) compared to other varieties. Bioguma-2 was the second, which was proven by its longest stem (307 cm) and high stem sap content (18°Brix). Thus, we recommended the Keller and Bioguma-2 as the suitable sorghum variety to be utilized in biofuels manufacturing.
Tanaman jagung ungu merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan yang banyak mengandung antosianin, namun masih kurang baik dalam teknik budidayanya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sistem pola baris terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung ungu, serta mengetahui jenis pupuk kandang yang terbaik untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung ungu. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2019 sampai Februari 2020 di kebun percobaan Wedomartani Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan yang disusun dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama terdiri 3 aras yaitu: satu baris, dua baris dan kombinasi satu baris dan dua baris. Faktor kedua adalah jenis pupuk kandang terdiri 3 aras yaitu, pupuk kandang ayam 4,2 kg/petak, pupuk kandang sapi 4,2 kg/petak dan pupuk kandang kambing 4,2 kg/petak. Data pengamatan di analisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Analysis of Varians (ANOVA) pada jenjang nyata 5% dan yang terdapat beda nyata dilakukan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan yang paling baik ditunjukkan pada pola baris dua baris pada parameter tinggi tanaman dan hasil yang paling baik ditunjukkan pada kombinasi pola baris satu dan dua dan perlakuan pupuk kandang ayam pada parameter panjang tongkol tanpa kelobot. Pertumbuhan yang paling baik ditunjukkan pada pupuk kandang ayam (P3) pada parameter Panjang tongkol tanpa kelobot.
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