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New polymeric microspheres containing azomethine (1a-1c and 2a-2c) were synthesized by condensation to compare the enzymatic properties of the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) and to investigate antimutagenic and antimicrobial activities.The polymeric microspheres were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, thermal gravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The catalytic activity of the glucose oxidase enzyme follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Influence of temperature, reusability, and storage capacity of the free and immobilized glucose oxidase enzyme were investigated. It is determined that immobilized enzymes exhibit good storage stability and reusability. After immobilization of GOx in polymeric supports, the thermal stability of the enzyme increased and the maximum reaction rate (V max ) decreased. The activity of the immobilized enzymes was preserved even after 5 months. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the polymeric microspheres were evaluated by well-diffusion method against some selected pathogenic microorganisms. The antimutagenic properties of all compounds were also examined against sodium azide in human lymphocyte cells by micronuclei and sister chromatid exchange tests. K E Y W O R D Santimicrobial property, antimutagenic effect, glucose oxidase, Polymeric microsphere, Pt 4+ -azomethine

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Modified polystyrene with Pt(IV)–azomethine (APS–Sch–Pt) was synthesized by means of condensation and demonstrated to be a promising enzyme support by studying the enzymatic properties of glucose oxidase enzyme (GOx) immobilized on it. The characteristics of the immobilized glucose oxidase (APS–Sch–Pt–GOx) enzyme showed two optimum pH values that were pH = 4.0 and pH = 7. The insertion of stable Pt(IV)–azomethine spacers between the polystyrene backbone and the immobilized GOx, (APS–Sch–Pt–GOx), increases the enzymes’ activity and improves their affinity towards the substrate even at pH = 4. The influence of temperature, reusability and storage capacity on the free and immobilized glucose oxidase enzyme was investigated. The storage stability of the immobilized glucose oxidase was shown to be eleven months in dry conditions at +4 °C.

Pt(ii) and Pt(iv)-tagged nanoparticles have been synthesized according to the template method for the identification of pesticides. Their morphologies have been investigated using scanning electron microscopy and characterized by means of spectral measurements. Then, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was immobilized onto the nanoparticles. The AChE immobilized Pt(ii) and Pt(iv)-tagged nanomaterials show high reusability and storage capacity. The catalytic activity of AChE followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Assays for enzyme activity measurements demonstrate that the nanospheres tagged with Pt(ii) have a much better performance than those with Pt(iv). Furthermore, whether or not there was any interaction between the immobilized enzyme and 1-naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate, which is a carbamate insecticide, was examined.

A good novel double ferrocene-tagged nanomaterial is designed for glucose determination and its recycling stability. Double Ferrocene-tagged nanomaterial displays higher catalytic activity toward the glucose oxidation than non-ferrocene-tagged nanomaterial. In this study novel nanoparticles including double ferrocene, N-f2-[Bis(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethylgaminomethyl-polystyrene (2AEPS) and ferrocene aldehyde (Fc) have been synthesized by means of condensation and investigated the enzymatic properties of glucose oxidase enzyme (GOD) immobilized on there. Double ferrocene-tagged nanomaterial-GOD shows high reusability and storage capacity and fast incubation time determination of glucose. 2AEPSFc-GOD retains more than 15% of the initial activity after forty five successive cycles, which is a perfect performance.