Novel polymeric microspheres: Synthesis, enzyme immobilization, antimutagenic activity, and antimicrobial evaluation against pathogenic microorganisms

Abstract

New polymeric microspheres containing azomethine (1a-1c and 2a-2c) were synthesized by condensation to compare the enzymatic properties of the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) and to investigate antimutagenic and antimicrobial activities.The polymeric microspheres were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, thermal gravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The catalytic activity of the glucose oxidase enzyme follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Influence of temperature, reusability, and storage capacity of the free and immobilized glucose oxidase enzyme were investigated. It is determined that immobilized enzymes exhibit good storage stability and reusability. After immobilization of GOx in polymeric supports, the thermal stability of the enzyme increased and the maximum reaction rate (V max ) decreased. The activity of the immobilized enzymes was preserved even after 5 months. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of the polymeric microspheres were evaluated by well-diffusion method against some selected pathogenic microorganisms. The antimutagenic properties of all compounds were also examined against sodium azide in human lymphocyte cells by micronuclei and sister chromatid exchange tests. K E Y W O R D Santimicrobial property, antimutagenic effect, glucose oxidase, Polymeric microsphere, Pt 4+ -azomethine

Development and validation of functional markers from Dw1 and Dw2 loci to assistant predict apple rootstock dwarfing ability

“…G3OX3 oxidizes gibberellin and therefore represses vegetative growth or elongation of roots or shoots [32,33], and ABA can change a variety of plant physiological and growth processes to adapt to environment changes [34], they are both sensitive in growth mediation. ABI5 is the transcription factors can directly bind to the ABA-responsive element (AREB) cis-element in the promoter sequence of ABA-responsive genes, and play positive roles in ABA signaling and is identi ed as an ABA receptor [34], which will allow seedlings to escape from ABA inhibition of growth [35].…”

Development and validation of functional markers from Dw1 and Dw2 loci to accurately predict apple rootstock dwarfing ability

“…G3OX3 oxidizes gibberellin and therefore represses vegetative growth or elongation of roots or shoots [30,31]. Though MdABI5 expression did not vary with dwar ng ability, an extra MdABI5 binding site was formed by a deletion on the MdG3OX3 promoter of 'M9' and other dwar ng rootstocks, which caused a rise in MdG3OX3 expression.…”

One-Pot Synthesis of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Piperazine Cross-Linked Polymer for Antibacterial Applications

“…50 µL of 10 -4 dilution was inoculated on the agar media and spread using a L-shape spreader. Further, three holes with a diameter of 6 mm are punched aseptically with a sterile cork borer [52][53][54]. 10 mg, 20 mg and 30 mg of PVA and PVA-E-Pz was dissolved in 1 mL of sterile water and a volume of 100 µL of the sample was introduced into the wells.…”