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Enzymes suffer from high cost, complex purification, and low stability. Development of low‐cost artificial enzymes of comparative or higher effectiveness is desired. Given its complexity, it is desired to presume their activities prior to experiments. While computational approaches demonstrate success in modeling nanozyme activities, they require assumptions about the system to be made. Machine learning (ML) is an alternative approach towards data‐driven material property prediction achieving high performance even on multicomponent complex systems. Despite the growing demand for customized nanozymes, there is no open access nanozyme database. Here, a user‐friendly expandable database of >300 existing inorganic nanozymes is developed by data collection from >100 articles. Data analysis is performed to reveal the features responsible for catalytic activities of nanozymes, and new descriptors are proposed for its ML‐assisted prediction. A random forest regression (RFR) model for evaluation of nanozyme peroxidase activity is developed and optimized by correlation‐based feature selection and hyperparameter tuning, achieving performance up to R2 = 0.796 for Kcat and R2 = 0.627 for Km. Experiment‐confirmed unknown nanozyme activity prediction is also demonstrated. Moreover, the DiZyme expandable, open‐access resource containing the database, predictive algorithm, and visualization tool is developed to boost novel nanozyme discovery worldwide (https://dizyme.net).

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Atherosclerosis, being an inflammation-associated disease, represents a considerable healthcare problem. Its origin remains poorly understood, and at the same time, it is associated with extensive morbidity and mortality worldwide due to myocardial infarctions and strokes. Unfortunately, drugs are unable to effectively prevent plaque formation. Systemic administration of pharmaceuticals for the inhibition of plaque destabilization bears the risk of adverse effects. At present, nanoscience and, in particular, nanomedicine has made significant progress in both imaging and treatment of atherosclerosis. In this review, we focus on recent advances in this area, discussing subjects such as nanocarriers-based drug targeting principles, approaches towards the treatment of atherosclerosis, utilization of theranostic agents, and future prospects of nanoformulated therapeutics against atherosclerosis and inflammatory diseases. The focus is placed on articles published since 2015 with additional attention to research completed in 2019–2020.

Organic chemistry has seen colossal progress due to machine learning (ML). However, the translation of artificial intelligence (AI) into materials science is challenging, where biological behavior prediction becomes even more complicated. Nanotoxicity is a critical parameter that describes their interaction with the living organisms screened in every bio‐related research. To prevent excessive experiments, such properties have to be pre‐evaluated. Several existing ML models partially fulfill the gap by predicting whether a nanomaterial is toxic or not. Yet, this binary categorization neglects the concentration dependencies crucial for experimental scientists. Here, an ML‐based approach is proposed to the quantitative prediction of inorganic nanomaterial cytotoxicity achieving the precision expressed by 10‐fold cross‐validation (CV) Q2 = 0.86 with the root mean squared error (RMSE) of 12.2% obtained by the correlation‐based feature selection and grid search‐based model hyperparameters optimization. To provide further model flexibility, quantitative atom property‐based nanomaterial descriptors are introduced allowing the model to extrapolate on unseen samples. Feature importance is calculated to find an interpretable model with optimal decision‐making. These findings allow experimental scientists to perform primary in silico candidate screening and minimize the number of excessive, labor‐intensive experiments enabling the rapid development of nanomaterials for medicinal purposes.

Nanomaterials are proven to affect the biological activity of mammalian and microbial cells profoundly. Despite this fact, only surface chemistry, charge, and area are often linked to these phenomena. Moreover, most attention in this field is directed exclusively at nanomaterial cytotoxicity. At the same time, there is a large body of studies showing the influence of nanomaterials on cellular metabolism, proliferation, differentiation, reprogramming, gene transfer, and many other processes. Furthermore, it has been revealed that in all these cases, the shape of the nanomaterial plays a crucial role. In this paper, the mechanisms of nanomaterials shape control, approaches toward its synthesis, and the influence of nanomaterial shape on various biological activities of mammalian and microbial cells, such as proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism, as well as the prospects of this emerging field, are reviewed.

A major obstacle in the development of the next‐generation of thrombolytic drugs has been the fact that plasmin – a serine protease that dissolves fibrin in blood clots – despite being the only enzyme suitable for the clot cleavage, is still not used in practice due to its rapid inactivation. Here we point to a potential solution to this problem by developing a magnetically controlled system for targeted delivery and recrystallization‐driven release of plasmin showing therapeutic potential.

A major obstacle in the introduction of nanoformulated drugs has been the fact that shape of the drug delivery systems (DDSs) - the most important parameter driven by nature for...