Critical thinking skills are important in the context of 21st-century learning, where students are able to express reasons that support the assumptions or conclusions they obtain. A preliminary study at 25 Bandar Lampung Middle Schools found that science learning had not been maximized in training critical thinking skills. This study aims to determine the effect of applying the Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) learning model on students' critical thinking skills based on differences in academic abilities, gender, and personality type. This study used Nonequivalent (Pretest and Posttest) Control Group Design and One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The data of pretest and posttest essay questions results analyzed using nonparametric statistical tests. The results showed that there was an effect of ADI learning on critical thinking skills in high and low academic students. Moreover, this model provided a greater influence on students' high academic abilities. The ADI model could also accommodate all male and female students with various types of personality types because the gender and personality type aspects do not show significant differences in students' critical thinking abilities, both between male and female students and students with different personality types. Overall, the ADI model is effective in improving students' critical thinking skills.

We investigated the correlation between argumentation and critical thinking skills simultaneously on students’ understanding of basic biology concepts in classes taught by Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) and conventional learning models. This study involved 180 pre-service science teachers (18-19 years old) who undertook the basic biology course in the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Lampung. Argumentation skills were measured using the Argumentation Skill Test and critical thinking skills were measured using the Critical Thinking Test, whereas understanding of basic biology concepts was measured using the Concept Understanding Test. Hierarchical multiple regressions revealed prospective effects of argumentation and critical thinking skills to support students’ understanding of basic biology concepts. In addition, the strong correlation between predictors simultaneous to the criteria found in ADI compared to conventional learning models. The lecturers should consider the empowerment of argumentation and critical thinking skills of students through the application of appropriate learning models.

This study aimed to find out the significant effect of Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) learning model, student's academic ability, and the interaction between learning models and academic ability of the students’ argumentation skills. The population was all students of class VIII MTs Negeri 1 Bandar Lampung. The Samples were students of class VIII A and VIII B selected from the population by random cluster sampling technique. This study was quasi-experimental with Pretest Post-test Non Equivalent Control Group Design. The instrument used was argumentation skills test on the material motion systems in humans. The data were statistically analyzed using Ankova test and test Significant Difference (LSD) respectively at 5% significance level. The results showed that the learning ADI model, academic ability, and the interaction between the ADI model and academic abilities significantly influenced argumentation skills with significant value of each were 0,000; 0.007; and 0.038.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan model Argument Driven Inquiry (ADI) terhadap keterampilan argumentasi siswa berkemampuan akademik tinggi dan rendah pada materi cahaya dan optik di SMP Negeri 13 Bandar Lampung. Sampel penelitian ini yaitu kelas VIII.2 dan VIII.3 yang masing-masing berjumlah 32 siswa. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pretest dan posttest menggunakan instrumen keterampilan argumentasi siswa yang diuji menggunakan uji Independent Sample T-Test dengan SPSS 21.0 . Berdasarkan hasil dari uji Independent Sample T-Test nilai Sig.(2-tailed) < α  (0,000< 0,05), maka dapat dinyatakan terdapat perbedaan rata-rata keterampilan argumentasi siswa berkemampuan akademik tinggi dan rendah pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya perbedaan rata-rata N-gain pada siswa berkemampuan akademik tinggi di kelas eksperimen 0,70 dengan kategori sedang dan kelas kontrol 0,55 dengan kategori sedang. Kemudian pada siswa berkemampuan akademik rendah di kelas eksperimen 0,55 dengan kategori sedang dan kelas kontrol 0,48 dengan kategori sedang. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran ADI memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keterampilan argumentasi siswa berkemampuan akademik tinggi dan rendah.

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The development of critical thinking ability needs attention in learning. To achieve this goal, collaborative activities must create in learning. The teacher can giving students a jumping task as a stimulated to collaborative activities. This study aims to examine in depth the results of learning observations for subjects in Social Sciences, Natural Sciences, and English in two partner schools of the Teacher Training and Education Faculty -University of Lampung, Indonesia. The study was conduct on 33 Senior high school students and 62 junior high school students from 2 partner schools. The focus of the research is observing collaborative activities, and improving students' critical thinking ability. Data analysis was carried out descriptively to an overview of the jumping tasks provided by educators, collaborative activities that occur to be able to create a learning community, and increase of students' critical thinking skills. The results of the study show that giving jumping tasks in learning activities (Social Sciences, Natural Sciences, and English) enables collaborative activities in the learning community to trigger students' critical thinking ability in solving problem.

The survey results on teachers and students in six regencies/cities in Lampung Province showed that in science learning, teachers have not optimized the argumentative skills of students. Thus, this study aimed to develop and validate science worksheets oriented to the argumentative skills of students. This study used a 4D-study design with Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) learning model. A small-scale trial was conducted on 20 IX-graders at SMP 9 Krui Pesisir Barat. The large-scale trial was conducted on 50 IX-graders at SMP 9 Krui Pesisir Barat by purposive sampling with one experimental class and one control class. The control class used a worksheet from a particular publisher, and the experimental class used the developed worksheet. Based on the results, the ADI model worksheet can be declared valid in terms of content, construction, and language with an average of 92.3% with very high criteria. The practicality of the ADI worksheet model can be seen from the implementation of learning, student responses, and teacher responses had an average of 89.24% with very high criteria. The effectiveness of the ADI model worksheet can be seen from the ability to work on argumentation skills test questions, showing that the control class N-gain was 0.27 with low criteria and the experimental class was 0.57 with medium criteria. The effect size (SE) of 0.64 showed that the developed science worksheet was effective in developing argumentative skills of students with medium criteria

This study aimed to find out the influence of the 5E Learning Cycle on the critical thinking skills of SMPN 1 Talangpadang VII graders. This study also aimed to determine the significance level of the two methods in improving critical thinking skills. One of the efforts is implementing the 5E learning cycle (Engagement, Exploration, Explanation, Elaboration, Evaluation). This study used a quasiexperimental with the matching-only pretest-posttest control group design. The population was all VII graders, while the samples were VII3 and VII4 students, where VII3 was the experimental class, and VII4 was the control class. The instrument used in this study was an essay test on critical thinking skills. The data underwent normality test using Kolmogorov Smirnov and homogeneity test using homogeneity of variances. Based on the t-test using the Independent Sample Test with SPSS statistics 21.0, the significance was 0.00 or less than 0.05, showing the influence of the 5E Learning Cycle on students' critical thinking skills.