The 4th industrial revolution (IR 4.0) or the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is characterized by the massive expansion of computation, digitalization, networking and physical processes. The so-called Industry 4.0 penetrates various industries and life domains by paving its way to the global networking system through data transmission. Thus, the emergence of IR 4.0 may change the dynamic in the teacher supervisor construct. Therefore, this conceptual paper aims to examine the teacher supervisor roles in the era of IR 4.0. Hence, a conceptual framework is proposed to identify critical roles played by teacher supervisor which should be retained in embracing IR 4.0. Findings indicate that supervisor’s roles in providing professional conference, encouragement for reflection and emotional support should remain.
The emerging of IR 4.0 has brought a massive change in the world of education. In facing IR 4.0, teachers today are urged to suit the process of teaching and learning. Hence, the teachers need to dominate the information technology because the new millennia students consist of z and alpha generation, who tend to utilize technology-based learning. Therefore, this study discusses how highly qualified teachers can cope with the current flow of revolution 4.0 according to current requirements. Findings show that high efficacy teachers in terms of student management, instructional strategies, and classroom management are willing to accept changes in teaching and learning. Besides, IR 4.0 has transformed the country’s educational landscape from traditional-based learning to technology-based learning. IR 4.0 has enormous implications for the country’s education system according to 21st-century learning needs.
The term boycott is a common term among the community when used by certain parties to provide awareness at keeping alert on current issues. Boycott is one of the campaigns that is continuousy getting attention which often signals interest among communities worldwide. Scientific research on the general explanation of boycott remains at inadequate. Thus, this paper aimed to provide a general explanation in relation to boycott including its background, categories and goals. A qualitative method was used in this paper including the use of library research. Using a content analysis approach on the library materials, this paper analyzed the concept of boycott including its background and categories (aspects, approaches, actions taken, types of boycotted products and realistic boycott launch goals depending on the campain organizers). The findings of this paper found that the term boycott was taken from the name of a British Irish farm agent. Besides that, picketing, listing of 'injustices' or 'do not buy', strikes, refusal to interfere with other employers 'pickets and blacklists are actions that employ boycott. This paper serves as a suitable reference and guide for certain individuals or authorities because it explains the concept of boycott in general covering its background, categories and goals of a boycott launch.
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