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COPD is an irreversible chronic illness with airflow limitation. The aim of the current study was to assess the role of vitamin D 3 on quality of life and pulmonary function in patients with COPD. A randomized, double-blinded clinical trial was conducted in 63 patients with COPD. Patients were placed into intervention and placebo groups. Each individual in the intervention group took 50,000 IU vitamin D 3 once a week for 8 weeks and then once a month for 4 months. There was no significant difference among FEV 1 , FEV 1 /FVC, and number of exacerbations in patients with COPD ( P >0.05). In the intervention group, a significant difference was observed in quality of life at 2 months ( P <0.001) and 6 months ( P <0.001). In addition, qualitative analysis showed that the status of exacerbation had not got worse six months after initiation in the intervention group. The current study shows that consumption of 50,000 IU vitamin D 3 , as a convenient supplementation in a daily diet, is able to increase quality of life in patients with COPD.

Background. Celiac disease (CD) is closely associated with other autoimmune endocrine disorders, particularly autoimmune thyroid disease. The aim of this study was to find the frequency of celiac disease in patients with hypothyroidism in Guilan province, north of Iran. Methods. A total of 454 consecutive patients with hypothyroidism underwent celiac serological tests antiGliadin antibodies (AGA), antitissue transglutaminase antibodies (IgA-tTG) and antiendomysial antibodies (EMA-IgA). Small intestinal biopsy was performed when any of celiac serological tests was positive. Results. Eleven (2.4%) patients were positive for celiac serology, and two patients with documented villous atrophy were diagnosed with classic CD (0.4%; 95%). Two patients with classic CD had Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) (0.6%; 95%). Six (54.5%) of 11 were suffering from overt hypothyroidism and 45.5% from subclinical hypothyroidism. Six (54.5%) had HT, and 45.5% had nonautoimmune hypothyroidism. Conclusions. In this study, prevalence of CD was lower than other studies. Most of the patients with CD were suffering from HT, but there was no significant statistical relation between CD and HT.

The most men experienced the symptoms of hypogonadism and the majority of the symptoms were related to psychological domain. The symptoms of hypogonadism are considered to some factors like BMI and occupation too.

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