Reactive oxidative stress (ROS) can lead to cell damage, and one of them is the kidney's cell.Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M. Smith can be utilized as an agent that can protect the cell from ROS. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of E. elatior fruit on the kidney's cell. We used experimental animals which were treated with Na-CMC (Group I), Na-CMC (Group II), the extracts of E. elatior fruit 200, 300, 400 mg/kg BW for Group III, IV, and V, respectively, for seven days. The blood was collected after treatment. At day 8, group I, III, IV, and V were induced by CCl4. At day 9, blood was collected and the kidneys were harvested for histopathology analysis. Blood collected were measured for albumin, total protein, urea and creatinine levels. After treatment, albumin and total protein showed no increased levels; urea decreased at doses of 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg BW, respectively, and creatinine levels only decreased at the dose of 400 mg/kg BW (p<0.05). The dose of 200 and 300 mg/kg BW showed protecting effects in the tubular cells of renal. Therefore, the ethanol extract of E. elatior showed a nephroprotective effect by normalizing the urea and creatinine levels of rats and protecting tubular cells of renal.
Wualae (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M. Smith) empirically been used by people to treat diseases and as food. This research was carried to determine the antipyretic activity of ethanol extracts of Wualae (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M. Smith) fruit on male mice (Mus musculus L) Balb/c along with ratio the effects of ethanol extracts of fruit Wualae with paracetamol as a antipyretic. Ethanol extracts of fruit Wualae obtained by maceration method using ethanol 96%. Male mice divided into 6 groups i.e: negative control (Na.CMC), positive control, and the treatment group (ethanol extracts of fruit Wualae 100 mg/KgBW, 200 mg/KgBW, 300 mg/KgBW, dan 400 mg/KgBW). Antipyretic activity tested by using DPT vaccine (Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis) 0.1 cc intraperitoneally as an inducer and paracetamol 500 mg as a positive control. Temperature measurement determined for 3 hours with a 30 minutes interval. Data analysis was performed by Kruskal Wallis statistical analysis and continued with Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that the effects of ethanol extracts of wualae fruit at dose of 400 mg/KgBW has antipyretic effects with a total decrease of temperature was 1,237oC.Keywords: antipyretic, fever, Etlingera elatior, wualae, mice
The quality of outpatient services can be measured by the SERVQUAL model that takes into account 5 dimensions, namely tangible, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The purpose of this study was to look at the effect of service quality on outpatient satisfaction at the Apotek Puskesmas Puuwatu Kota Kendari. The subjects in this study were 34 outpatients. The analysis technique used is gap analysis to compare expectations and reality received by patients, normality test data based on questionnaire patient satisfaction that has been tested for validation. The results of this study indicate the average value of the gap in the pharmacy of Apotek Puskesmas Puuwatu Kota Kendari amounting to 0.27. From the value of the gap, the lowest gap value in the pharmacy center of Puuwatu is the place of service, and the provision of inadequate drug information of -0.24. Based on the paired t-test where significant value> 0.05 then Ho is rejected and Ha accepted so that means a significant difference between the quality of service to the satisfaction of patients in Apotek Puskesmas Puuwatu Kota Kendari. This study concludes that there is a significant gap between expectations and reality at the Apotek Puskesmas Puuwatu Kendari City
Fungsi sistem imun adalah untuk melindungi tubuh dari benda-benda asing, dimana sistem imun dapat ditingkatkan dengan pemberian imunomodulator. Pendekatan kemotaksonomi Genus Etlingera memungkinkan Etlingera rubroloba A.D. Poulsen memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder sebagai agen imunomodulator. Penelitian dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui aktivitas imunomodulator ekstrak etanol buah Etlingera rubroloba A.D. Poulsen terhadap fagositosis sel makrofag pada tikus jantan galur wistar. Hewan uji tikus sebanyak dua puluh empat ekor dibagi dalam enam kelompok perlakuan yaitu kontrol negatif (Na-CMC 0,5%), kontrol positif (ekstrak meniran komersial), kontrol normal (tanpa perlakuan), perlakuan dosis 1 (200 mg/kgBB), perlakuan dosis 2 (300 mg/kgBB) dan perlakuan dosis 3 (400 mg/kgBB). Perlakuan diberikan selama tujuh hari berturut-turut secara per oral dan diberikan injeksi bakteri Staphylococcus aureus 0,5 mL secara intraperitonial pada hari kedelapan masing-masing kelompok. Apusan cairan peritoneum digunakan untuk menentukan aktivitas sel makrofag. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivitas fagositosis sel makrofag pada kelompok kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, perlakuan 1, perlakuan 2, perlakuan 3 berturut-turut 36,75 %, 74,25%, 71.75%, 80,50%, 70,75%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian ekstrak etanol buah Etlingera rubroloba A.D. Poulsen memiliki aktivitas imunomodulator terhadap fagositosis sel makrofag.
Cervical cancer is one of the highest causes of death in Indonesian women caused by mutations of normal cervical cells turning into abnormal cells. Treatment of cervical cancer causes significant side effects with a relatively long treatment period, so many researchers are exploring various natural ingredients from marine ecosystems as candidates for anticancer drugs. One of them is the sea sponge Petrosia sp. containing various secondary metabolites, one of which is an alkaloid that has a cytotoxic effect on cancer cell lines. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic activity of the ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. in HeLa cervical cancer cells. The ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol and obtained extract as much as 55.9 g and yield value of 2.94%. Cytotoxic activity test was carried out in vitro using the Presto Blue method with varying concentrations of ethanol extract 7.81 ppm; 15.62 ppm; 31.25 ppm; 62.5 ppm; 125 ppm; 250 ppm; 500 ppm; and 1000 ppm. The cytotoxic parameter used was IC50 which was determined using the GraphPad Prism software version 5. The IC50 value of the marine sponge extract Petrosia sp. of 97.20 ppm or 97.20 g/ml with an active category as cervical anticancer. Cervical cancer is one of the highest causes of death in Indonesian women caused by mutations of normal cervical cells turning into abnormal cells. Treatment of cervical cancer causes significant side effects with a relatively long treatment period, so many researchers are exploring various natural ingredients from marine ecosystems as candidates for anticancer drugs. One of them is the sea sponge Petrosia sp. containing various secondary metabolites, one of which is an alkaloid that has a cytotoxic effect on cancer cell lines. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic activity of the ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. in HeLa cervical cancer cells. The ethanol extract of Petrosia sp. obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol and obtained extract as much as 55.9 g and yield value of 2.94%. Cytotoxic activity test was carried out in vitro using the Presto Blue method with varying concentrations of ethanol extract 7.81 ppm; 15.62 ppm; 31.25 ppm; 62.5 ppm; 125 ppm; 250 ppm; 500 ppm; and 1000 ppm. The cytotoxic parameter used was IC50 which was determined using the GraphPad Prism software version 5. The IC50 value of the marine sponge extract Petrosia sp. of 97.20 ppm or 97.20 g/ml with an active category as cervical anticancer.
Essential oils distilled from the bark of Massoia aromatica Becc. (Masoyi) has been known from our previous research as a potential towards both and states. This study aims to determine essential oil’s mechanism of action towards Candida ATCC 10231. Observation of the mechanism towards C. was performed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) following the essential oil application in sub-minimum inhibition concentration, in comparison to untreated cells as the control. Considering that both and of C. were influenced, the effect on production was also observed using thin layer chromatography of the microbial . Following SEM and TEM results, the effect on membrane permeability seems to play a role in the activity. To support the result, an experiment using influx Propidium Iodide Test was performed. TLC and GC-MS analysis showed that C-10 is a major constituent of oil. Observation of C. cells by using SEM showed cell shrinkage, which may be due to disruption in membrane cell permeability. TEM confirmed the membrane cell disruption, which causes cytoplasmic leakage. The result of the iodide influx test confirmed the damage to membrane permeability. The decrease in production was observed, which may play a role in the activity of the essential oil.
Isolation and Identification of free radical active compound from stem bark soursoup (Annona muricata L.) extract. The aim of this research is to observe the chemical compound of stem bark the soursoup (A. muricata L.) which is active as a free radical. 550 gram of stem bark the soursoup (A. muricata L.) was by graduate extracted using n-heksan, ethyl acetat and ethanol solvents respectively. Extract result is the extraction, it was produced 2.4 gram n-heksan extract, 8.4 gram ethyl acetat extract, 2.1 gram ethanolic extract. The isolation of ethyl acetat extract was conducted using colom chromatography (TLC) method using eluent n-hexane : ethyl acetat (7:3) and it was produced four fractions. The third fraction was isolated using preparative thin layer chromatography with mob ile phase n-hexane : ethyl acetat (6:1) and got 2 bands. The isolate identified by UV-Vis spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy and analyzed by chemistry reaction. From the data result show that isolate is acetogenin.
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