Our results suggest a potential role for these expressions profiles as tumor prognostic markers in OSCC patients.

AimsJumonji Domain-Containing 1A (JMJD1A) protein promotes demethylation of histones, especially at lysin-9 of di-methylated histone H3 (H3K9me2) or mono-methylated (H3K9me1). Increased levels of H3 histone methylation at lysin-9 (H3K9) is related to tumor suppressor gene silencing. JMJD1A gene target Adrenomeduline (ADM) has shown to promote cell growth and tumorigenesis. JMJD1A and ADM expression, as well as H3K9 methylation level have been related with development risk and prognosis of several tumor types.Methods and resultsWe aimed to evaluate JMJD1A, ADM, H3K9me1 and H3K9me2expression in paraffin-embedded tissue microarrays from 84 oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma samples through immunohistochemistry analysis. Our results showed that nuclear JMJD1A expression was related to lymph node metastasis risk. In addition, JMJD1A cytoplasmic expression was an independent risk marker for advanced tumor stages. H3K9me1 cytoplasmic expression was associated with reduced disease-specific death risk. Furthermore, high H3K9me2 nuclear expression was associated with worse specific-disease and disease-free survival. Finally, high ADM cytoplasmic expression was an independent marker of lymph node metastasis risk.ConclusionJMJD1A, H3K9me1/2 and ADM expression may be predictor markers of progression and prognosis in oral and oropharynx cancer patients, as well as putative therapeutic targets.

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Oral cancer squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) mainly affects individuals aged between 50 and 70 years who consume tobacco and alcohol. tobacco smoke contains hundreds of known toxic and carcinogenic molecules, and a few studies have sought to verify the relationship of such trace elements as risk or prognostic factors for head and neck cancer. We obtained 78 samples of tumor tissues from patients with ocScc, and performed a qualitative elemental characterization using the micro X-Ray fluorescence technique based on synchrotron radiation. We found the presence of magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, potassium, calcium, chromium, manganese, iron, zinc, cobalt, nickel, copper, arsenic and bromine in ocScc samples. Magnesium, chlorine, chromium, manganese, nickel, arsenic and bromine are associated with smoking. We observed a significant association between relapse and chlorine and chromium. the presence of chlorine in the samples was an independent protective factor against relapse (oR = 0.105, CI = 0.01-0.63) and for best disease-free survival (HR = 0.194, CI = 0.04-0.87). Reporting for the first time in oral cancer, these results suggest a key relationship between smoking and the presence of certain elements. in addition, chlorine proved to be important in the context of patient prognosis and survival. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounts for more than 90% of oral cancer cases 1,2 and mainly affects individuals aged between 50 and 70 years who consume tobacco and alcohol. It may also be associated with human papillomavirus infection, genetic susceptibility and passive smoking exposure 1-5. Tobacco smoke itself, which contains hundreds of known toxic and carcinogenic molecules 6,7 , can induce DNA damage 8. Among these substances are several inorganic compounds, such as arsenic, calcium, chlorine, cobalt, copper, chromium, iron, magnesium, manganese, nickel, potassium, zinc and others 9,10. The analysis of trace elements is quite uncommon in the head and neck cancer field. Over the past two decades, a few studies have sought to verify the identity of these and other trace elements as risk or prognostic factors for head and neck cancer. Some authors verified the differences in the profile of trace elements in the blood (plasma/serum) of patients with or without head and neck cancer 11-19. Differences were also found in the analyses performed on the hair and nails of patients with head and neck cancer 15,17,20,21. However, in studies carried out

The NR3C1 glucocorticoid receptor (GR) gene is a component of the stress response system, which can be regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. NR3C1 methylation has been associated with trauma and mental issues, including depression, post-traumatic stress, anxiety, and personality disorders. Previous studies have reported that stressful events are involved in NR3C1 gene methylation, suggesting that its regulation under environmental effects is complex. The present study aimed to analyze associations involving stressors such as socioeconomic status, health conditions, and lifestyle in relation to NR3C1 methylation in adults. This study included 386 individual users of the Brazilian Public Unified Health System (SUS), and evaluated socioeconomic and health conditions, body mass index, cortisol levels, and lifestyle. Data were correlated with NR3C1 methylation, determined using DNA pyrosequencing. The results showed that alcohol consumption, overweight, and high cortisol levels were related to NR3C1 demethylation, while depression was related to its methylation. Habits, lifestyle, and health status may influence NR3C1 gene regulation via methylation, revealing the complexity of environmental impacts on NR3C1 methylation.

ObjectiveTo assess the association between indicators of psychosocial stress and central adiposity in adult users of the Unified Health System (SUS) from Southeast of Brazil.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted with 384 adults (20 to 59 years old) from the city of Alegre, Southeastern Brazil. The simple random sample represented the population using the public health system of the municipality. The prevalence of obesity was based on the Body Mass Index, and central adiposity (dependent variable) was measured by waist circumference in centimeters. The independent variables were the following indicators of psychosocial stress: food and nutrition insecurity (yes/no), serum cortisol (μg/dL), symptoms suggestive of depression using the Beck Depression Inventory-II ≥ 17 (yes/no), and altered blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg (yes/no). Univariate linear regression was performed between central adiposity and each stress indicator, and later the models were adjusted for socioeconomic, health, and lifestyle variables. All analyses were made separately by rural and urban location.ResultsThe prevalence of weight excess, by the classification of the Body Mass Index ≥ 25.0 kg/m2, was 68.3% and, by waist circumference, 71.5% of individuals presented an increased risk for metabolic complications related to central adiposity. Mean waist circumference scores for the rural and urban population were 89.3 ± 12.7 cm and 92.9 ± 14.7 cm, respectively (p = 0.012). Indicators of stress that were associated with central adiposity were: cortisol in the rural population (β = -0.60; 95% CI = -1.09;-0.11) and altered blood pressure in the urban population (β = 6.66; 95% CI = 2.14;11.18). This occurred both in the raw analysis and in the models adjusted for confounding factors.ConclusionCentral adiposity was inversely associated with cortisol in the rural population and directly associated with higher arterial blood pressure in the urban population, suggesting a local influence on how individuals react to stress.

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Apesar da relevância nacional da agricultura familiar e das políticas governamentais direcionadas, as condições socioeconômicas desta população são pouco conhecidas. O objetivo do estudo foi traçar o perfil socioeconômico de agricultores familiares do município de Muniz Freire, ES. Foram entrevistados 82 agricultores familiares in loco. Para análise dos dados foi utilizada a estatística descritiva. Segundo resultados obtidos, a faixa etária dos entrevistados foi de 20 a 81 anos. Dentre os avaliados, 76,83% declararam possuir filhos. O uso do tabaco foi relatado por 9,76%. A maioria não possuía o ensino fundamental completo. Quando questionados sobre a cor da pele, observou-se predominância de resposta para a cor branca. A maioria dos agricultores eram proprietários da terra e a falta de acesso a sistemas de coleta de lixo e saneamento foi observada. O trabalho na própria lavoura, como atividade exclusiva, foi relatado pela maioria. A análise da renda mensal familiar dos agricultores mostrou que a remuneração era baixa. Com base nestes resultados, foi possível concluir um primeiro levantamento de dados da região os quais contribuirão significantemente para a continuidade do trabalho, estabelecendo futuras ações de extensão e promover a melhoria das condições de saúde e bem estar da população estudada.