The HIF-1 transcriptional complex is responsible for controlling transcription of over 100 genes involved in cell hypoxia response. HIF-1alpha subunit is stabilized in hypoxia conditions, creating the HIF-1 nuclear transcription factor. In inflammatory cells, high HIF-1alpha expression induces lymphocytic immunosuppression, decreasing tumoral antigen recognition, which promotes tumor growth. The present work investigated the relationship between HIF-1alpha expression in lymphocytes populating the intratumoral and peritumoral region of 56 patients with oral cancer. Our data indicates a prognostic value for this expression. High HIF-1alpha expression in peritumoral inflammatory cells is significantly related to worse patient outcome, whereas high expression in the intratumoral lymphoid cells correlates with a better prognosis. A risk profile indicating the chance of disease relapse and death was designed based on HIF-1alpha expression in tumoral inflammatory cells, defining low, intermediate and high risks. This risk profile was able to determine that high HIF-1alpha expression in peritumoral cells correlates with worse prognosis, independently of intratumoral expression. Low HIF-1alpha in tumor margins and high expression in the tumor was considered a low risk profile, showing no cases of disease relapse and disease related death. Intermediate risk was associated with low expression in tumor and tumor margins. Our results suggest that HIF-1alpha expression in tumor and peritumoral inflammatory cells may play an important role as prognostic tumor marker.
AimsJumonji Domain-Containing 1A (JMJD1A) protein promotes demethylation of histones, especially at lysin-9 of di-methylated histone H3 (H3K9me2) or mono-methylated (H3K9me1). Increased levels of H3 histone methylation at lysin-9 (H3K9) is related to tumor suppressor gene silencing. JMJD1A gene target Adrenomeduline (ADM) has shown to promote cell growth and tumorigenesis. JMJD1A and ADM expression, as well as H3K9 methylation level have been related with development risk and prognosis of several tumor types.Methods and resultsWe aimed to evaluate JMJD1A, ADM, H3K9me1 and H3K9me2expression in paraffin-embedded tissue microarrays from 84 oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma samples through immunohistochemistry analysis. Our results showed that nuclear JMJD1A expression was related to lymph node metastasis risk. In addition, JMJD1A cytoplasmic expression was an independent risk marker for advanced tumor stages. H3K9me1 cytoplasmic expression was associated with reduced disease-specific death risk. Furthermore, high H3K9me2 nuclear expression was associated with worse specific-disease and disease-free survival. Finally, high ADM cytoplasmic expression was an independent marker of lymph node metastasis risk.ConclusionJMJD1A, H3K9me1/2 and ADM expression may be predictor markers of progression and prognosis in oral and oropharynx cancer patients, as well as putative therapeutic targets.
Oral cancer squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) mainly affects individuals aged between 50 and 70 years who consume tobacco and alcohol. tobacco smoke contains hundreds of known toxic and carcinogenic molecules, and a few studies have sought to verify the relationship of such trace elements as risk or prognostic factors for head and neck cancer. We obtained 78 samples of tumor tissues from patients with ocScc, and performed a qualitative elemental characterization using the micro X-Ray fluorescence technique based on synchrotron radiation. We found the presence of magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine, potassium, calcium, chromium, manganese, iron, zinc, cobalt, nickel, copper, arsenic and bromine in ocScc samples. Magnesium, chlorine, chromium, manganese, nickel, arsenic and bromine are associated with smoking. We observed a significant association between relapse and chlorine and chromium. the presence of chlorine in the samples was an independent protective factor against relapse (oR = 0.105, CI = 0.01-0.63) and for best disease-free survival (HR = 0.194, CI = 0.04-0.87). Reporting for the first time in oral cancer, these results suggest a key relationship between smoking and the presence of certain elements. in addition, chlorine proved to be important in the context of patient prognosis and survival. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounts for more than 90% of oral cancer cases 1,2 and mainly affects individuals aged between 50 and 70 years who consume tobacco and alcohol. It may also be associated with human papillomavirus infection, genetic susceptibility and passive smoking exposure 1-5. Tobacco smoke itself, which contains hundreds of known toxic and carcinogenic molecules 6,7 , can induce DNA damage 8. Among these substances are several inorganic compounds, such as arsenic, calcium, chlorine, cobalt, copper, chromium, iron, magnesium, manganese, nickel, potassium, zinc and others 9,10. The analysis of trace elements is quite uncommon in the head and neck cancer field. Over the past two decades, a few studies have sought to verify the identity of these and other trace elements as risk or prognostic factors for head and neck cancer. Some authors verified the differences in the profile of trace elements in the blood (plasma/serum) of patients with or without head and neck cancer 11-19. Differences were also found in the analyses performed on the hair and nails of patients with head and neck cancer 15,17,20,21. However, in studies carried out
Apesar da relevância nacional da agricultura familiar e das políticas governamentais direcionadas, as condições socioeconômicas desta população são pouco conhecidas. O objetivo do estudo foi traçar o perfil socioeconômico de agricultores familiares do município de Muniz Freire, ES. Foram entrevistados 82 agricultores familiares in loco. Para análise dos dados foi utilizada a estatística descritiva. Segundo resultados obtidos, a faixa etária dos entrevistados foi de 20 a 81 anos. Dentre os avaliados, 76,83% declararam possuir filhos. O uso do tabaco foi relatado por 9,76%. A maioria não possuía o ensino fundamental completo. Quando questionados sobre a cor da pele, observou-se predominância de resposta para a cor branca. A maioria dos agricultores eram proprietários da terra e a falta de acesso a sistemas de coleta de lixo e saneamento foi observada. O trabalho na própria lavoura, como atividade exclusiva, foi relatado pela maioria. A análise da renda mensal familiar dos agricultores mostrou que a remuneração era baixa. Com base nestes resultados, foi possível concluir um primeiro levantamento de dados da região os quais contribuirão significantemente para a continuidade do trabalho, estabelecendo futuras ações de extensão e promover a melhoria das condições de saúde e bem estar da população estudada.
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