Dentists are exposed to several occupational risks. This study aimed at comparing the prevalence of referred morbidity among Brazilian dentists with that reported by doctors, lawyers, and the general population. Data on referred morbidity were obtained from the Brazilian Household Survey. Stratification by gender was performed, and prevalence rate ratios were calculated. Dentists were more likely to report back pain and arthritis than physicians or lawyers. Dentists also reported tendinitis more frequently than physicians, lawyers, and the general population. Stratification revealed that, when compared to physicians and lawyers, male dentists were more likely to refer to back pain and arthritis than did female dentists. However, female dentists were at higher risk to report tendinitis when compared to all 3 reference populations. This study suggests that Brazilian dentists are at higher risk to develop musculoskeletal disorders.
ResumoEste artigo objetiva apresentar e discutir o processo de implantação e funcionamento de comitês de bioética clínica no complexo hospitalar de uma universidade pública brasileira, na qual quatro de seus hospitais são dotados dessas comissões, em diferentes etapas de estruturação: um hospital geral, um psiquiátrico, um hospital infantil e uma maternidade. Para isso, são discutidos meios, dificuldades e viabilidade para sua implantação, além de recomendações práticas em forma de etapas, com relatos de experiências no Brasil e no mundo. Com o presente texto busca-se contribuir para a reflexão bioética sobre os crescentes desafios éticos decorrentes dos desenvolvimentos científicos da biomedicina, que se materializam na atenção em saúde nas instituições. Busca-se, ainda, fomentar um importante passo para o desenvolvimento de comitês de bioética em nosso país e a apreciação crítica desse importante dispositivo de deliberação ética. Palavras-chave: Bioética. Comitês de ética clínica. Ética institucional. Resumen Implementación de comités de bioética en hospitales universitarios brasileños: dificultades y viabilidadesEl objetivo de este artículo es presentar y discutir el proceso de implantación y funcionamiento de comités de bioética clínica en el complejo hospitalario de una universidad pública brasileña, con cuatro de sus hospitales poseyendo dichos comités, en diferentes etapas de estructuración: un hospital general, uno psiquiátrico, un hospital infantil y un pabellón de maternidad. Para esto, son discutidos medios, dificultades y viabilidad para su implantación, además de recomendaciones prácticas en forma de etapas, con relatos de experiencias en Brasil y en el mundo. Con el presente relato se busca contribuir a la reflexión bioética sobre los crecientes desafíos éticos derivados de los desarrollos científicos de la biomedicina, que se materializan en la atención a la salud en las instituciones. Se busca también fomentar un importante capítulo del campo que es el futuro desarrollo de comités de bioética en nuestro país y la apreciación crítica de este importante dispositivo de deliberación ética. Palabras-clave: Bioética. Comités de ética clínica. Ética institucional. Abstract Implementation of bioethics committees in Brazilian university hospitals: difficulties and viabilityThe objective of this article is to present and discuss the process of implementation and functioning of clinical bioethics committees in the hospital complex of a Brazilian public university, with four of its hospitals having these commissions in different structuring stages: a general hospital; a psychiatric hospital; a children's hospital and a maternity ward. For this, alternatives, difficulties, as well as the viability, are discussed for their implementation, in addition to practical recommendations in the form of steps, with accounts of experiences in Brazil and around the world. The aim of this report is to contribute to the bioethical reflection regarding the increasing ethical challenges arising from scientific developments in...
Death is an implicit subject in both health practice and health professionals' training. There is a tendency by health professionals to reduce this analysis merely to technical aspects. This paper analyzes the importance of adopting quality care at the end of life as a guide for public health care. We highlight relevant aspects for training health professionals to respect moral differences and to be prepared to discuss their own points of view.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE-Educação Médica.-Ética institucional.-Violência. -Institutional Ethics. RESUMO O termo bullying vem sendo utilizado para descrever um tipo de violência insidiosa e devastadora-Violence. ABSTRACT The term "bullying" is used to characterize a kind of insidious and devastating violence that negatively affects health and the school setting. Research on the issue in medical students suggests that it occurs in the form of repeated abuse, but the issue is still insufficiently explored during medical training. The current study aims to analyze the issue of hazing as it appears in the discourse
Este artigo objetiva analisar a magnitude e algumas características do fenômeno do assédio moral no trabalho no setor saúde do Rio de Janeiro. Foram analisados dados de pesquisa desenvolvida em 2001 como parte do programa "Violência no Trabalho no Setor Saúde", resultantes de um inquérito anônimo. Para constituir o banco para análise, foram selecionados todos os casos (1.569) e as variáveis relacionadas ao assédio moral. O grupo profissional que teve maior proporção de vítimas de assédio moral foi o de auxiliar de enfermagem (22,7%). Colegas, supervisores ou administradores compuseram o mais importante grupo de agressores (48,7%). A reação psicológica mais prevalente foi "permanecer supervigilante". Embora 38,5% das vítimas tenham relatado a violência a superiores, 20% relataram ter sido tomada alguma providência. Os autores concluem que mais pesquisas e medidas de vigilância devem ser realizadas no Brasil para assegurar a visibilidade desse tipo de violência. Além disso, ressaltam a necessidade de implementar medidas institucionais de controle da violência no trabalho e de estimular estudos que enfatizem o manejo institucional desse tipo de violência.
Building a world-class scientific community requires first-class ingredients at many different levels: funding, training, management, international collaborations, creativity, ethics, and an understanding of research integrity practices. All over the world, addressing these practices has been high on the science policy agenda of major research systems. Universities have a central role in fostering a culture of research integrity, which has posed additional challenges for faculty, students and administrators -but also opportunities. In Brazil, the leading universities and governmental funding agencies are collaborating on this project, but much remains to be done.
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