E-Lifestyles are individual forms of behavior in the digital environment that reflect the values, activities, interests, and opinions of consumers. Likewise, fitness Apps are considered technological tools for promoting physical activity online. Although there are studies related to sports lifestyles, it has not been analyzed yet how e-lifestyles are related to the use of fitness Apps. Based on this, this study represents a step to clarify how e-lifestyles influence different relationships with perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude, and intentions to use Fitness Apps. Therefore, the objective of the study was to analyze the relationship between the e-lifestyles of consumers of Boutique fitness centers and their relationship with the perceived ease of use, the perceived usefulness, the attitude, and the intention to use Fitness Apps. The sample was 591 customers (378 women and 213 men) of 25 Boutique fitness centers. An online questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was analyzed with confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model. Findings provide an insight into the importance of e-lifestyles in the intention of using fitness Apps and therefore in promoting physical activity through online fitness services. The results showed positive relationships between e-lifestyles, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and attitude toward fitness Apps. Finally, the attitude toward fitness Apps offered a very high predictive value on use intention. This study provides a better understanding of consumer´s intention to use fitness Apps. The conclusions and recommendations for sports managers of fitness centers highlight the importance of e-lifestyles as a predecessor for the use of fitness Apps.

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El objetivo del estudio consistió en adaptar y validar al español la Escala de Credibilidad (McCroskey & Teven, 1999) para medir la credibilidad de los profesores universitarios. Los participantes fueron 352 estudiantes de la Universidad de Sevilla pertenecientes a diversas titulaciones del área de las Ciencias Sociales. El análisis factorial exploratorio generó un modelo de tres factores alternativo al original. No obstante, tanto el modelo alternativo como el modelo original presentaron una adecuada consistencia interna no sólo en la escala global sino también en las tres subescalas; buenos índices de bondad de ajuste como confirmó el análisis factorial confirmatorio, apoyando así la estructura factorial de tres factores; invarianza por sexo y evidencia de validez concurrente con la motivación académica. Se concluye que el modelo original así como el modelo alternativo de la Escala de Credibilidad son instrumentos válidos y fiables para medir la credibilidad de los docentes universitarios.

In recent years instructor credibility has been considered one of the most significant variables in the teacher-student communication, constituting a fundamental element in the teaching-learning process. Research on instructor credibility has mainly focused on analyzing the variables that affect instructor credibility and their impact on the teaching-learning process. Thus, the purpose of this study was to establish the state of the art of teacher credibility through a review of the existing literature, establishing the variables that affect it and determining its impact on the teaching-learning process. A bibliographic search was carried out in Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO and ERIC databases, selecting for the review a total of 64 scientific articles, published between 1980 and 2018, that fulfilled the established inclusion criteria. After the analysis of the studies included in the review, in relation to the variables that affect teacher credibility, 8 categories were identified while, with regard to the impact of teacher credibility on the teaching-learning processes, 5 categories were identified, including in each of them the main contributions of the studies included in the analysis. Based on the obtained results, the influence of teachers' behaviors on students' evaluations and on the teaching-learning process is highlighted, which indicates the need for teachers to have positive behaviors to be perceived by students as credible people and, therefore, to positively affect the teaching-learning process.

ResumenEl objetivo de este trabajo es indagar la relación existente entre la ansiedad competitiva de futbolistas y tenistas en etapas de formación y la práctica de deporte por parte de los progenitores. Participaron en este estudio 246 niños deportistas de tenis y fútbol con una media de edad de 10,43 años (DT= 2,42), que han sido evaluados con un cuestionario de datos sociodemográ-ficos y el cuestionario de Ansiedad Competitiva SAS-2 (Ramis, Torregrosa, Viladrich, & Cruz, 2010). Utilizando pruebas t de diferencias de medias independientes y pruebas no paramétricas, los resultados demuestran que los tenistas experimentan más ansiedad somática, mientras que los deportistas de menor edad presentan mayores niveles de preocupación. La práctica deportiva paterna o materna no tiene influencia sobre la ansiedad competitiva en etapas de formación en esta muestra, ya practiquen el mismo deporte que sus hijos o no. Se discute la posibilidad de que, más que la realización de la misma práctica deportiva en sí, sea el contenido de las expectativas de sus padres lo que puede guardar relación con la ansiedad competitiva.Palabras clave: ansiedad competitiva, iniciación deportiva, deportes con/sin colaboración, padres y madres. AbstractThe objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between competitive anxiety of tennis and football children athletes in formative stages and their parents' sport practice. 246 tennis and football children athletes participated in this study with an average age of 10.43 years (SD = 2.42), who have been evaluated with a questionnaire of sociodemographic data and the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (Ramis et al., 2010). By using independent average samples of T tests and nonparametric tests, the results showed that tennis players experience more somatic anxiety, while younger athletes have higher levels of concern. Paternal or maternal sport practice has no influence on childhood competitive anxiety in formative stages in this sample, whether or not they practice the same sport as their children. Furthermore, it has been discussed the possibility that, rather than performing the same sporting activity itself, the content of their parents' prospects would be what may be related with the competitive anxiety.

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ResumenEl objetivo de este estudio fue crear un listado de situaciones de estrés pre y durante partido, basándonos en la experiencia personal de 59 árbitros de la liga LEB durante un Clinic de árbitros del grupo I de la Asociación Española de Árbitros de Baloncesto y la Federación Española de dicho deporte. El Listado de Situaciones Estresantes para el Arbitraje (LISEA) evalúa no sólo la intensidad de la experiencia emocional, sino también la direccionalidad de la misma-El instrumento mostró una alta fiabilidad general (.897). Los resultados ponen de manifiesto que dichas fuentes influyen de forma significativa y diferente según el momento competitivo, siendo más estresante durante el partido menos en un item. Igualmente se observan correlaciones entre la experiencia arbitral en el nivel I y diferentes situaciones evaluadas, siendo más numerosas las correlaciones negativas. La intervención psicológica debería tener en cuenta especialmente estos hallazgos sobre las fuentes de más impacto y en el momento competitivo en que tienen mayor influencia. Palabras clave: estado emocional, estrés, árbitros de baloncesto. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to draw up a list of stress related situations both before and during the game, based on the experience of 59 LEB League referees who participated in a Clinic for Group 1 of the Spanish Association of Basketball Referees and the Spanish Basketball Federation. The List of Stress related situations for Referees (LISEA) not only assesses the emotional experience but also the directional consequences of stress. The survey showed a very high accuracy value (.897) Results show that different stress sources have a varying influence depending on the moment in the competition, being most stressful during the game except for one item. At the same time, there is a correlation between the refereeing experience at level 1 and different situations assessed, with negative correlations being most common. Psychological intervention should bear in mind these findings in relation to the stress sources with highest impact and the competitive moment during which they exert most influence. Key words: motional state, stress, Basketball referees RESUMO O objetivo desse estudo foi de criar uma lista de situações de estresse pré e durante um jogo, baseando na experiência pessoal de 59 árbitros da Liga LEB durante um Clinic de árbitros do grupo I da Associação Espanhola de Árbitros de Basquete e da Federação Espanhola do mesmo esporte. A lista de Situações Estressantes para a arbitragem (LISEA) avalia nao só a intensidade da experiência emocional, mas também a direção da mesma. O instrumento mostrou uma alta fiabilidade geral (.897). Os resultados manifestam as referidas fontes de forma significativa e diferente de acordo com o momento competitivo sendo, mas estressante durante um jogo, menos em um item. Da mesma forma foi observada correlações entre a experiência arbitral no nível I e diferentes situações avaliadas, sendo mais numerosas as correlações negativas. A intervenção psicológica dev...

PurposeThe main aim of this study was to analyze and establish the state of the question about entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship in sport, identify the role of innovation in both of them, as well as to determine the latest study trends and detect possible research niches.Design/methodology/approachA systematic review of the Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, ERIC, SPORTDiscus and Dialnet databases was performed. The analysis of the selected texts allowed categorizing the entrepreneurship articles into subthemes: precursors of entrepreneurship, intention/orientation of entrepreneurship, different perspectives of entrepreneurship in sport and social entrepreneurship in sport. Of the 49 texts included in the review, only seven articles dealt with intrapreneurship, and they could not be classified into subtopics because the studies are scarce, diverse and with disparate themes.FindingsThe main findings show deficiencies in research on precursors/antecedents of entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial behavior, especially in relation to innovation, the importance of the political perspective on entrepreneurship in sport and formulation of behavior training programs for intrapreneurs.Originality/valueThis paper provides valuable and global information about entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship in sport, of which there were scattered or grouped data in some reviews.