ABSTRAKSalah satu usaha untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan pakan atau menurunkan Feed Convertion Ratio (FCR) dan memperbaiki penampilan produksi ternak unggas antara lain dengan menambahkan berbagai imbuhan pakan seperti enzim dan antibiotik. Saat ini penggunaan antibiotik dalam ransum ternak telah dibatasi karena residunya memberikan efek samping terhadap konsumen, sehingga dicari feed additif lain yang aman seperti probiotik. Probiotik dapat merubah ekosistem mikroba pencernaan selain itu juga menghasilkan antibiotik alami, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan dan kinerja inang. Penggunaan probiotik sudah banyak diterapkan untuk ayam, namun pada ternak itik masih sedikit. Penelitian dan penggunaan probiotik sebagai pakan imbuhan masih perlu ditingkatkan agar diperoleh teknik produksi yang efisien dan praktis dan dapat diaplikasikan sehingga mampu memberikan dampak ekonomis terhadap industri peternakan. Probiotik memberikan pengaruh yang baik terhadap itik diantaranya meningkatkan kesehatan dan menurunkan rasio konversi ransum.Kata kunci : probiotik, itik, imbuhan, peternakan ABSTRACT One attempt to improve the efficiency of feed utilization or lower Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and improve the performance of poultry production, among others by adding various feed additives like enzymes and antibiotics. Currently the use of antibiotics in animal feed

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi kandungan garam dan meningkatkan kandungan nutrisi rumput laut Turbinaria murayana yang direndam dalam aliran air sungai sebelum digunakan sebagai bahan pakan ternak unggas. Materi yang digunakan yaitu rumput laut jenis Turbinaria murayana yang diambil dari Pantai Sungai Nipah Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan secara acak pada 5 lokasi yang berbeda, kemudian dikomposit sebagai sampel penelitian. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan, masing-masing perlakuan diulang 5 kali. Perlakuan berupa lama perendaman dalam aliran air sungai yaitu 0, 1, 3, 5, dan 7 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perendaman rumput laut Turbinaria murayana dalam aliran air sungai berpengaruh sangat nyata (P≤0,01) terhadap kadar garam, serat kasar, protein kasar, dan bahan kering. Penurunan kadar garam terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan perendaman selama 3 jam dengan penurunan kadar garam dari 14,4% menjadi 0,76% dan mengandung 13,75% serat kasar, 6,36% protein kasar, serta 17,5% bahan kering.

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This study aimed to determine the influence of ration supplementation with brown seaweed (Turbinaria murayana) on performance, carcass quality, physiological organs, liver fat and broiler liver cholesterol. This study used 100 DOC (day old chicken) broilers of Arbor Acres CP 707 strains. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments; each treatment was repeated four times. The treatments were presented as brown seaweed (Turbinaria murayana), by a rate of 0, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% in broiler ration. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Duncan's Multiple Range Test to reveal the significant differences between different treatments applied. The results showed that the use of Turbinaria murayana up to the level of 10% in the ration can maintain performance, carcass quality, do not interfere with physiological organs, and can reduce the content of abdominal fat, liver fat and broiler liver cholesterol. The study concluded that the use of Turbinaria murayana as a rations supplemental material up to the 10% level can stimulate broilers' performance and carcass characteristics.

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The intact cells of Rhizopus oligosporus NRRL2710, whose cell walls are abundant source of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and glucosamine (GlcN), were digested with three chitinolytic enzymes, a GH-46 chitosanase from Streptomyces sp. N174 (CsnN174), a chitinase from Pyrococcus furiosus, and a chitinase from Trichoderma viride, respectively. Solubilization of the intact cells by CsnN174 was found to be the most efficient from solid state CP/MAS (13)C NMR spectroscopy. Chitosanase products from Rhizopus cells were purified by cation exchange chromatography on CM-Sephadex C-25 and gel-filtration on Cellulofine Gcl-25m. NMR and MALDI-TOF-MS analyses of the purified products revealed that GlcN-GlcNAc, (GlcN)2-GlcNAc, and (GlcN)2 were produced by the enzymatic digestion of the intact cells. The chitosanase digestion of Rhizopus cells was found to be an excellent system for the conversion of fungal biomass without any environmental impact.