Resumo O artigo aborda o fenômeno do estresse e sua relação com o trabalhador e seu sistema. A metodologia adotada foi a pesquisa exploratória de abordagem qualitativa. Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico nos anos de 2001 a 2012 por artigos publicados na língua portuguesa e inglesa nas bases Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, SciELO e MEDLINE. Foram utilizados os descritores: saúde do trabalhador, estresse ocupacional, estresse psicológico, trabalho, intervenção e vigilância em saúde do trabalhador. Após leitura dos resumos de 362 artigos encontrados, 18 foram selecionados e submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Destacou-se a necessidade de identificar, sanar ou amenizar os fatores que causam esse fenômeno, a fim de que sejam propostas ações de promoção de saúde dentro do ambiente de trabalho para torná-lo uma fonte de prazer ao trabalhador. Palavras-chave saúde do trabalhador; estresse ocupacional; estresse psicológico. AbstractThe article addresses the phenomenon of stress and its relationship with the worker and his system. The methodology used was exploratory research with a qualitative approach. A review of the literature was conducted for the years ranging from 2001 to 2012, searching for articles published in Portuguese and English in the Virtual Health Library, SciELO, and MEDLINE databases. These descriptors were used: occupational health, occupational stress, psychological stress, work, intervention and worker health surveillance. After reading the abstracts of 362 articles that were found, 18 were selected and submitted to content analysis. The need to identify, remedy or mitigate the factors that cause this phenomenon was emphasized in order for health promotion activities to be proposed within the workplace aiming to turn it into a source of pleasure for the worker.
Objective: to discuss some psychosocial, psychological, emotional and interpersonal aspects caused by COVID 19. Method: theoretical study in government documents thath ighlight recommendations for preventing and coping with this pandemic, in the physical and mental health areas. Results: the pandemic is an event considered unique in the history of societies around the world. Stress, anxiety, panic, fear, fear, insomnia, disability, idleness, among others, are emotions that canoccur with the imagined and real proximity of being affected by COVID-19, and also potentiated by the excessive stimulation of the media and by countless fake News, thus leaving people with emotions in full swing. Conclusion: It is up to each one to recover emotionally in the singular daily life; and social groups to institute equitable practices in the economic dimension. In this sense, this study highlights the importance of offering interdisciplinary and holistic treatments in public health systems, since the approach to the body, only in specialties, does not favor diagnosing and preventing psychological and mental suffering.
Changes in drug policy have expanded community mental health services, such as the Psychosocial Care Centers Alcohol and Drugs and, consequently, the therapeutic practices and strategies of psychosocial care. This study aimed to describe the therapeutic practices and strategies of these services, based on documents and perceptions of practitioners, in the light of the psychosocial model. For this, a mixed method study was carried out in three services (two in the Federal District and one in São Paulo), data were collected in 48 government documents, 1,157 medical records, interviews with 23 practitioners, and in three focal groups that were treated using descriptive statistics and content analysis. 58 therapeutic practices and strategies were identified in government documents. In services, there is a predominance of individualized practices and few extramural activities, of social and intersectoral insertion, mainly due to problems of institutional infrastructure. The psychosocial care model has not been fully applied by the services due to several situational factors discussed in this study.
This article looks at the principles and guidelines of the Unified Health System as well as the current situation and the limitations and possibilities of Brazilian mental health policy. Based on a review of national and international government documents and the scientific literature from 2015-2020, the study observed positive advances in mental health. However, the psychiatric reform has experienced setbacks, and the balance of mental health care has swung towards hospital-centered treatment. These changes have impeded the implementation of the Psychosocial Care Network, as well as the development of therapeutic practices and strategies focused on the person’s experience, their daily life and their relations with the health promotion network. By questioning the supremacy of medical-psychiatric knowledge in the treatment of “mental illness” in the public health care system, the psychiatric reform cleared a path for the construction of new ways of addressing psychological suffering. These gains are currently at risk, making a wider debate on the current trends in mental health care in Brazil essential.
Resumo: Este manuscrito apresenta um relato de experiência com algumas atividades do Centro de Referência sobre Drogas e Vulnerabilidades Associadas da Universidade de Brasília -Faculdade Ceilândia (CRR/FCE/UnB) implementadas e desenvolvidas durante o ano de 2013. Este relato permite a reflexão sobre o processo de construção de parcerias baseadas na rede social e na noção de território para cuidado daqueles com problemas relacionados ao uso de drogas e as vulnerabilidades associadas. Esta experiência segue o atual marco da prática e da política nacional (p. ex., lei 10.216/2001), nas quais se estabelecem as mudanças no modelo de cuidado integral de pessoas com transtornos mentais, inclusive aquelas em sofrimento pelo uso de álcool e outras drogas. Inicialmente, a equipe do CRR/FCE/UnB mapeou a rede social local (instituições públicas de diferentes setores) de quatro municípios, sendo uma delas no Distrito Federal (Brazlândia) e três no estado de Goiás (Valparaíso, Luziânia e Águas Lindas).Após o mapeamento, a equipe do CRR buscou articular e estabelecer uma agenda de discussão sobre os problemas relacionados ao uso de álcool e outras drogas e suas vulnerabilidades associadas entre as diferentes instituições, setores e profissionais (p. ex., enfermeiros, médicos, terapeutas ocupacionais, assistentes sociais, policiais). Essa estratégia possibilitou a capacitação de diversos atores para o desenvolvimento e qualificação da sua rede intersetorial que, consequentemente, qualifica as ações de cuidado integral, conforme recomendado por inúmeras políticas nacionais. Palavras-chave: Saúde Mental, Drogas, Vulnerabilidade Social. Developing and articulating intersectorial networks for integral care of drug users in vulnerable contextsAbstract: This manuscript presents an experience report with some activities that the Reference Center on Drugs and Associated Vulnerabilities -CRR, 'Faculdade Ceilândia'/University of Brasilia -UNB implemented and developed in 2013. This account allows us to reflect on the process of building partnerships based on social networks and the notion of territory for people with problems related to drugs and their associated vulnerability. The experience follows the current national framework, in which the social network has become a central paradigm of public practices and policies (e.g. Law 10.216/2001). These changes occur in the model of care for people with mental disorders, including the integral health policy for users and dependents of alcohol and other drugs. The CRR team mapped local social networks, i.e. several public institutions in different sectors, in four municipalities: one in the Federal District (Brazlândia) and three in the state of Goiás (Valparaiso, Luziânia, Águas Lindas). After the mapping, the CRR
The aim of the present study is to verify the differences of the moral judgment toward the people who abuse drugs according to the schooling of the participants. This is the Brazilian part of a multicentric study. N=180 individuals in a community in Brasília, DF, Brazil; following consent, descriptive data were collected by anonymous interviewer-administered questionnaire that included socio-demographic, educational level and the history of drug use. Participants were predominantly females, middle-aged, married, employed, religious, with high school education; higher schooling considered alcohol abusers, marijuana, cocaine and crack are important as anyone else; the majority with lower education level knew someone who used drugs, but no association was found regarding drug use and schooling; in the unadjusted logistic regression model, positive associations were found between higher schooling and ‘who use drugs are as important as anyone else’ for all drugs studied; after adjusted, the association remained only for marijuana (all p<0.05). The negative attitude surrounding drugs issue can be an important obstacle. The results suggest that education can help to reduce the stigma associated; public policies would be important to minimizing social harm caused by stigmatized visions of drug users.
A falta da gestão eficiente dos gastos públicos em saúde afeta os cidadãos principalmente no seu desempenho, em educação e no trabalho, e no desenvolvimento humano. Além disso, existe uma preocupação global com os gastos públicos, principalmente em saúde, devido à escassez de recursos na esfera pública. Logo, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a eficiência dos municípios paranaenses na gestão dos gastos públicos em saúde e saneamento e a variação do IDH-M fator longevidade, buscando identificar variáveis intervenientes no período de 2000-2009. Para isso, foi utilizada a Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA) e a Regressão Linear Múltipla. Os resultados apontaram cinco municípios eficientes e os fatores intervenientes identificados como interventores à eficiência foram: a distância da capital estadual; o número de ocorrência de neoplasias na população; o município ser sede de regional de saúde e a variação do IDH-M fator Educação. A contribuição do estudo reside na identificação dos fatores intervenientes à gestão do gasto público em saúde, pois o tratamento destes fatores pode aumentar a longevidade dos munícipes. E ainda, foi identificado que o aumento dos gastos públicos em saúde e saneamento não se faz necessário, em alguns dos municípios.
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