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Measurements of absorption losses in KNbO3 and MgO-doped KNbO3 were made in the blue and near-infrared wavelength regions using laser calorimetry. In the doped samples, the absorption loss for blue light was found to be 40% lower than that of the undoped samples. An enhancement in the infrared loss, caused by the presence of blue light, was observed in doped and undoped samples, but found to be much greater in the MgO-doped crystals. The blue-enhanced infrared absorption was characterized using two-wavelength laser calorimetry. Temporal variations in the second-harmonic power, caused by nonuniform heating of the active volume by the absorbed infrared and second-harmonic power, are described.

Filament formation in a tapered GaAlAs amplifier with an output width of 320 μm is characterized by injecting an input beam with a superimposed sinusoidal intensity modulation (30 μm period, 30% peak-to-peak modulation). Strong seeded filamentation of the output near field, and large far field side lobes are observed for powers above approximately 1 W. Time dependent decay of the main far field lobe, characterized by a time constant of several microseconds, is used to separate the effects of localized carrier density variations from the thermal contribution to intensity and phase distortion of the output beam.

A polarization-based 4 x 4 optical interconnection network using surface stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal (SSFLC) gates is demonstrated. The SSFLC gates are comprised of an SSFLC device sandwiched between two polarizing beam splitters. Optical crosstalk using these fast switching programmable devices can be limited to ~-20 dB/gate, which would allow 2-D interconnection networks to be fabricated with thirty-one input channels and 3-D interconnection networks with approximately 225 input channels.

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