Aedes aegypti
and
Aedes albopictus
are exotic
species in the Americas with high epidemiological relevance as they are vectors
of many pathogens. This study aimed at understanding the population dynamics of
A. aegypti
and
A. albopictus
and the
influence of abiotic factors in an endemic area of dengue. The study was
conducted in the urban area of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, over
one year. In seven regions of the city, 50 ovitraps were installed in each
neighborhood. The development of the larvae was monitored under controlled
laboratory conditions until they reached the adult phase. A total of 50,900 eggs
of
Aedes
sp. were collected, 26,073 of which reached adulthood:
25,496 (97.8 %)
A. aegypti
and 540 (2.1%)
A.
albopictus. A. aegypti
was observed in all months during the study.
The highest number of
A. albopictus
eggs were collected in
June, while in August and September, an absence of this species was noted.
Abiotic factors such as temperature, humidity and rainfall were responsible for
the observed fluctuations in the mosquito population. The presence of
A.
albopictus
in the urban area of the city is concerning because it
could become a potential vector for other arboviruses that afflict human
populations. The occurrence of these species in Campo Grande reinforces the need
for constant entomological and epidemiological surveillance so that informed
actions could be taken to decrease potential breeding sites.
Control strategies using insecticides are sometimes ineffective due to the resistance of the insect vectors.In this scenario new products must be proposed for the control of insect vectors.The complexes L-aspartate Cu (II) and L-glutamate-Cu (II) complexes were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, visible ultraviolet, infrared spectroscopy and potentiometric titration. The toxicity of these complexes was analyzed in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae and Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The interaction between the ligands and the amino acid balance and the distribution of the species as a function of pH were discussed. The lethal concentration median (LC 50 ) for Ae. aegypti larvae were: L-glutamic acidCu (
The aim of the present study was to assess the presence of antissaliva antibodies of Lutzomyia longipalpis in human hosts living in area of visceral leishmaniasis, located in the Center-West region of Brazil. The presence of antissaliva antibodies of L. longipalpis exhibited a strong correlation with the protection and development of antibodies against Leishmania sp. Of the 492 children studied, elevated antissaliva antibodies of L. longipalpis were detected in 38.4% of the participants. There was a higher percentage of positivity (64.7%) among children who exhibited anti-Leishmania sp. antibodies and among those who were positive in the delayed hypersensitivity test (34.8%).
a b s t r a c tNyssomyia whitmani (Antunes and Coutinho, 1939) has been considered as a complex of cryptic species, and some of the populations of this complex plays an important role in the transmission of Leishmania spp. in Brazil. The present study reports the biological aspects concerning the productivity out of eggs and the development time of the descendants of females obtained in Dourados municipality, Mato Grosso do Sul state. The females were captured with modified electric aspirators, fed in hamsters and further individualized in containers for breeding. At the insectary, temperature and relative humidity were maintained on average of 24.5 • C and 67.3%, respectively. From 944 females 3737 eggs were obtained, 748 (20.0%) evolved to the stage of larvae, and 93 (12.4%) of these reached adult stage. The life cycle lasted 80.6 days and the last larval instar was the longest. The use of a higher protein diet revealed a significant improvement in larval development.
Susceptibility of blackfly larvae to the larvicide Temephos in Caarapó, MS ABSTRACT -Blackfly control in Brazil is necessary to avoid nuisance to rural or urban communities and economic losses in agricultural or tourist activity areas. The susceptibility of Simulium spp. larvae was performed to the organophosphate temephos (Abate 500 CE) at the Caarapó stream, in the city of Caarapó in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The resistance to the larvicide was indicated by the rapid biochemical test of esterase activity carried out with extracts of larvae, and confirmed by the results of the field bioassay with larvae in troughs in the stream bed. For the field bioassay final stage larvae were exposed to a Temephos Operational Concentration of 0.5 ppm ai/10 minutes and a Diagnostic Concentration of 2.5 ppm ai/10 minutes and low mean mortality was obtained (5.7% and 44.6 % respectively), confirming the resistance and indicating the need for using other products for blackfly control in this area.
Dengue é uma das arboviroses mais importante no mundo atualmente, cuja transmissão se dá pela picada do mosquito Aedes aegypti. O controle do vetor, com produtos biológicos ou químicos, ainda é a principal forma de controle, sendo os inseticidas uma importante ferramenta nos programas de manejo integrado. Porém, esta estratégia encontra-se ameaçada pela seleção de resistência, especialmente aos organofosforados. O objetivo com o presente trabalho foi avaliar o status de susceptibilidade/resistência de populações de Ae. aegypti ao organofosforado Temephos® em dois municípios onde ocorre uso contínuo desse inseticida. Utilizou-se as concentrações diagnóstico 0,008 e 0,012 mg L-1 como preconizado, respectivamente, pela Superintendência de Controle de Endemias do Estado de São Paulo (SUCEN) e pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). Os resultados apresentaram percentual de mortalidade abaixo de 80% nas duas concentrações avaliadas, demonstrando resistência das populações ao inseticida. Este fato aponta para a necessidade de monitoramento da resistência nas populações de Ae. aegypti da região.
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