Abiotic factors and population dynamic of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in an endemic area of dengue in Brazil

Abstract

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are exotic species in the Americas with high epidemiological relevance as they are vectors of many pathogens. This study aimed at understanding the population dynamics of A. aegypti and A. albopictus and the influence of abiotic factors in an endemic area of dengue. The study was conducted in the urban area of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, over one year. In seven regions of the city, 50 ovitraps were installed in each neighborhood. The development of the larvae was monitored under controlled laboratory conditions until they reached the adult phase. A total of 50,900 eggs of Aedes sp. were collected, 26,073 of which reached adulthood: 25,496 (97.8 %) A. aegypti and 540 (2.1%) A. albopictus. A. aegypti was observed in all months during the study. The highest number of A. albopictus eggs were collected in June, while in August and September, an absence of this species was noted. Abiotic factors such as temperature, humidity and rainfall were responsible for the observed fluctuations in the mosquito population. The presence of A. albopictus in the urban area of the city is concerning because it could become a potential vector for other arboviruses that afflict human populations. The occurrence of these species in Campo Grande reinforces the need for constant entomological and epidemiological surveillance so that informed actions could be taken to decrease potential breeding sites.

Spatio‐temporal dynamics of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus oviposition in an urban area of northeastern Brazil

“…albopictus is present in all regions of the city and occurs throughout all months of the year. Despite the widespread distribution, oviposition analysis allowed identifying areas of greater infestation of Aedes sp, being sensitive also to detect increased oviposition in warmer and wetter months [6], indicating that this technique is useful for vector surveillance even in areas of high vector density, such as the city of Natal. Regarding the validity of using ovitraps in the surveillance routine, the study that compared the efficiency of several traps for capturing and collecting Aedes aegypti under field conditions found that ovitraps have the highest sensitivity and greatest association with climatic variations and consistently follow adult detection patterns caught in adult traps [31].…”

“…Abiotic factors such as temperature, humidity, wind and rainfall are determining factors that control the maintenance of these species. These climatic variables can affect oviposition, egg viability, larval development, longevity and adult dispersal [6]. In addition, socioeconomic factors such as uncoordinated urbanisation, lack of basic sanitation, irregular water distribution and incorrect waste management favoured the reproduction and dispersal of these vectors [7].…”

First report of Aedes albopictus infected by Dengue and Zika virus in a rural outbreak in Brazil

“…There, this mosquito is typically present in areas with dense vegetation but has colonized consistently anthropic areas [10,15]. Brazilian studies have described A. albopictus presence in urban areas with reminiscent forests [5,6,13,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22], in slums [15], in suburban areas [13,16], and in peridomicile and intradomicile location [16,23], evidencing its dispersion across sylvatic and urban settings [10,15] and its domestication [15]. The ability to use natural and artificial containers of water for breeding [9, 12, 15-18, 21, 24] supports this ecological plasticity [25].…”

Initial Evidence of Aedes Albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Domiciliation in Havana City, Cuba 1995-2018.

“…These ndings together with results obtained by other authors about the ability of Ae. albopictus gravid females to disperse at least 800 meters [36][37][38], in addition to easily moving from areas with abundant vegetation to the urban area [38] and the nding of this specie in urban area [38,39] we consider it important to alert the National Control Program to strengthen the entomological monitoring of Ae. albopictus.…”