Explants of Solanum nigrum L., collected from Pachamalai hills callused successfully on MS basal medium supplemented with IAA and BAP. The highest frequency of green compact callus and multiple shoots were obtained on MS containing 2.0 mg/l IAA and 0.5 mg/l BAP. The callus when cultured on MS basal medium fortified with different concentrations of BAP (3.0 -8.0 mg/l) and IAA (0.5 mg/l) showed multiple shoot formation. The highest frequency of multiple shoots was obtained on MS containing 6.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l IAA. For in vitro flowering, the node explants were cultured on MS fortified with different concentrations of BAP (2.0 -7.0 mg/l) and NAA (0.5 mg/l). The highest number of multiple shoots were obtained in MS supplemented with 6.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA. The in vitro flowering was observed on MS containing 2,4-D and BAP 1.5 mg/l, respectively. The best rooting was obtained on MS containing 0.5 mg/l IBA. The well-rooted plants were hardened and finally planted in the garden.
The present study describes an effective, reproducible and rapid regeneration protocol for in vitro shoot development of the important medicinal plant Andrographis echioides (L.) Nees. via mature nodal explants inoculation on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 6-Benzyl amino purine (BAP) 2.0 mg/l combined with α-Naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) 0.5 mg/l on which the highest percentage of shoot bud induction (90±2.88), number of shoot per explant (5±1.00) having a shoot length (2.0±0.57 cm) were produced. This investigation strongly recommends that the perfection of BAP (2.0 mg/l), NAA (0.5 mg/l) in combination with Gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) 0.5 mg/l on which a maximum percentage of shoot bud response (95±5.00), number of shoots per explants (9±1.00) and shoot length (6.8±1.11 cm) were found in A. echioides. MS medium, fortified with Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) 1.0 mg/l combined with Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) 0.5 mg/l on which highest percentage of response (90±5.77), number of roots per explants (12±1.15) and root length (6.5±1.26 cm) was observed. The regenerated plantlets were successfully transferred to field conditions with 80% survival rate.
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