Since its creation in 1994, the Family Health Program has become the main strategy for changing care models and increasing access to the first contact service of the Unified Health System (SUS). A little more than ten years later, in 2006 the program was transformed into the Family Health Strategy (FHS) within the National Policy on Primary Care (PNAB). This article evaluates the effects of the implementation of the FHS over the last two decades in Brazil, demonstrating the access provided and the trends in ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC). This is an ecological, time series study with secondary data referring to the number of family health teams that were established and the number of hospital admissions due to ACSC in the SUS from 2001-2016. The results show a 45% reduction of the standardized ACSC rates per 10,000 inhabitants, from 120 to 66 in the period 2001-2016. Although it was not possible to isolate the specific effects of primary care, it is quite plausible that this reduction in ACSC rates is linked to the progress of FHS coverage in Brazil, especially in terms of improved follow-up of chronic conditions, improved diagnosis and easier access to medicines.
During the period of 1990-2000, Rio de Janeiro was characterized by a limited supply of public and universal primary care services. In 2008, family health team coverage corresponded to 3.5% of the population, the lowest among capital cities. At the end of 2013, coverage reached more than 40% of Rio residents with teams comprised of doctors, nurses, practical nurses, community health agents, and health surveillance agents, in addition to oral health teams. This article describes and analyzes the main components of the Reform in Primary Health Care (RCAPS) implemented since 2009, focusing on three lines of action: administrative reform, organizational model, and model of care. A new organizational chart of the Municipal Health Secretary and a legal framework for a new results-based model were created. As for the model of care, the standardization of procedures and health activities for all units and the monthly assessment of clinical indicators of results of implanted electronic medical records were created. Experience has shown the feasibility of RCAPS, pointing to new challenges that will allow consolidation of the expansion of access, training of human resources, health communication, and a shift to a managerial results-driven model.
Resumo No 1º semestre de 2014, 6.675 usuários adultos e cuidadores de crianças usuárias dos serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) do Rio de Janeiro foram entrevistados por meio do Instrumento de Avaliação da APS, Primary Care Assessment Tool, o PCATool-Brasil. O objetivo era ter um panorama rigoroso, por meio da experiência real dos usuários, do grau de extensão dos atributos essenciais e derivados da APS para todas as Áreas de Planejamento (AP) da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde (SMS). A pesquisa teve um desenho de estudo transversal, com amostras aleatórias independentes de usuários (crianças e adultos) dos serviços e os resultados mensurados por escores dos atributos da APS. As unidades tipo A – Centros Municipais de Saúde e Clínicas da Família que possuem apenas Equipes de Saúde da Família - obtiveram desempenho superior quando comparadas às unidades tipo B, na avaliação de adultos e crianças que utilizam os serviços de APS. Os escores dos atributos “acesso – primeiro contato/acessibilidade”, “integralidade – serviços prestados”, “orientação comunitária” e “orientação familiar” ainda precisam obter melhor desempenho. Por outro lado, a “coordenação do cuidado” e “longitudinalidade” encontram-se em trajetória de qualidade, pois invariavelmente obtiveram escores próximos ou superiores a 6,0.
Background Hereditary transthyretin (ATTRv) amyloidosis is a rare, inherited, progressive disease caused by mutations in the transthyretin (TTR) gene. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with patisiran, an RNA interference therapeutic that inhibits TTR production, in patients with ATTRv amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. MethodsThis multi-country, multi-centre, open-label extension (OLE) trial enrolled patients at 43 sites in 19 countries as of 24 September 2018. Patients were eligible if they had completed the phase 3 APOLLO (randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled [2:1], 18-month study) or phase 2 OLE (single-arm, 24-month study) parent studies and tolerated the study drug. Eligible patients from APOLLO (APOLLO-patisiran [received patisiran during APOLLO] and APOLLO-placebo [received placebo during APOLLO] groups) and the phase 2 OLE (phase 2 OLE patisiran group) studies enrolled in this Global OLE trial and receive patisiran 0•3 mg/kg by intravenous infusion every 3 weeks for up to 5 years. Efficacy assessments include measures of polyneuropathy (modified Neuropathy Impairment Score +7 [mNIS+7]), quality of life, autonomic symptoms, nutritional status, disability, ambulation status, motor function, and cardiac stress. Patients included in the current efficacy analyses are those who had completed 12-month efficacy assessments as of the data cut-off. Safety analyses included all patients who received ≥1 dose of patisiran up to the data cut-off. The Global OLE is ongoing with no new enrolment, and current findings are based on the 12-month interim analysis. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02510261.
Resumo Este artigo atualiza o texto anterior do autor principal publicado em 2000, revisitando as evidências científicas que reafirmam a contribuição da saúde para a qualidade de vida de indivíduos e populações. Mais do que o acesso a serviços de saúde de qualidade, é necessário enfrentar os determinantes da saúde em toda a sua amplitude, o que requer políticas públicas saudáveis, uma efetiva articulação intersetorial do poder público e a mobilização da população. Os autores revisitam a emergência e o desenvolvimento da promoção da saúde, centrando sua análise nas estratégias mais promissoras para o incremento da qualidade de vida propostas pelo setor saúde, sobretudo em formações sociais com alta desigualdade sociosanitária, como é o caso do Brasil, reforçada pela recente pandemia de COVID-19. É no movimento dos municípios saudáveis e em ações intersetoriais, na saúde em todas as políticas e no enfrentamentos dos determinantes sociais da saúde que tais estratégias se concretizam, através de seus próprios fundamentos e práticas, que estão estreitamente relacionados com as inovações na gestão pública para o desenvolvimento local integrado e sustentável, “vis a vis” a nova Agenda 2030 e seus Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS).
Estudo descritivo de mulheres gestantes, com o objetivo de caracterizar as mulheres em relação às condições sociais e à assistência à gestação. As observações pertencem a um estudo transversal, a partir de uma amostra de 69 gestantes, inscritas nas unidades de saúde da família de Beira Linha, Araras e Rosário, residentes em Teresópolis (RJ). A análise comparativa entre gestantes adolescentes x não adolescentes considerou o teste exato de Fisher para mensurar possíveis significâncias estatísticas. No período considerado, 31,9% eram mães adolescentes. Entre essas, 72,7% estavam em sua primeira gestação, e 31,9% das não adolescentes encontravam-se nessa situação (p-valor < 0,01). O papel da família na orientação quanto ao sexo é mais marcante entre as gestantes adolescentes (59,1%) do que entre as não adolescentes (25,5%) (p-valor <0,01). Cerca de 70% das mulheres engravidaram do primeiro parceiro sexual, apesar de não ter planejado a gravidez, e de 25% estar utilizando algum método contraceptivo. Embora a mãe das gestantes adolescentes possuam, em média, um número superior de filhos, quando comparadas às mães das gestantes não adolescentes, essa tendência não se repetiu entre suas filhas, o que pode estar relacionado a melhores condições sociais observadas na população estudada.
This was a comparative cross-sectional study among public prenatal care users in conventional outpatient health services and family health services, aimed at assessing perception and quality differences between the two models of health services organization according to Ministry of Health guidelines. A total of 203 pregnant women from 22 municipalities in five regions of the country were interviewed while waiting for prenatal consultation. Besides soliciting the women's opinions, we checked for possible advantages in innovative family care services in issues like access and commitment. Data revealed approval by users for key aspects related to care and consultation in both types of public facilities and suggest consistent primary care policies. Low coverage in dentistry (18.9%), gynecological preventive tests (39.6%), and HIV tests (52.6%) indicates policy obstacles. Comparatively, family health services received significantly greater approval by women on issues like quality of the last visit (p = 0.0432), maternity hospital access (p = 0.0106), vaccination schedules (p = 0.0023), drug delivery (p = 0.0053), blood glucose tests (p = 0.0309), nursing visit (p = 0.0469), and home visits (p < 0.0001).
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
334 Leonard St
Brooklyn, NY 11211
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.