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Objective: To investigate the prevalence of difficulties in adopting initial breastfeeding techniques and their association with breast disorders in postpartum women.Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out with 276 randomly selected mother-baby pairs in rooming-in in 3 hospitals in a city of Minas Gerais State (southeast Brazil). An assessment protocol was established to evaluate the breastfeeding technique used. The association between the variables studied and breast disorders was determined by the chi-square test followed by logistic regression, with significance level set at 0.05.Results: The main factors indicating difficulties to initiate the breastfeeding techniques were inadequate attachment of the baby to the breast (25%), baby response to the contact with the breast (26.1%) and breast disorders (28.3%). Variables associated with postparturm breast disorders were: adolescent mothers (OR 3.35; 95%CI 1.51-7.44; p=0.003); maternal schooling ≤8 years (OR 2.07; 95%CI 1.01-4.23; p=0.048); and supplement provision to the newborn at the hospital (OR 2.36; 95%CI 1.40-4.92; p=0.003). Mothers working outside the household (OR 0.31; 95%CI 0.16-0.61; p=0.001) served as as protective factor on the multivariate model.Conclusions: The main difficulties in initial breastfeeding were associated with breast disorders, and the factors associated with this problem included demographic and social, variables, as well as others related to the care routine adopted by maternity hospitals.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of breastfeeding and the introduction of complementary food for zero to 24-month-old infants.Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study of children aged less than 24 months in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data were collected in 2015, by interviews with people in charge of infant care in the house. The questionnaire administered assessed the sociodemographic status of the family, maternal and infant characteristics and food consumption habits. Survival analysis was used to calculate median prevalence and duration of breastfeeding and the introduction of complementary feeding. Results: With 180 days of life, 4.0% of the children were exclusively breastfed, 22.4% were mostly breastfed and 43.4% were fed breast milk as complementary food. In the third month of life, children were consuming water (56.8%), fruit juice or formula (15.5%) and cow’s milk (10.6%). At the age of 12 months, 31.1% were consuming artificial juice and 50.0% were eating candies. Before the age of 1 year, 25.0% of them had already eaten instant noodles.Conclusions: The introduction of drinks, honey, sugar and candies as complementary food was found to be premature; and solid and semi-solid foods were almost appropriate. The habits described can directly affect the success of breastfeeding. Given that the inadequate eating practices identified can compromise the infant’s health, actions that promote breastfeeding and provide guidance on the introduction of complementary foods are important.

deviations from the "healthy" patterns were not associated to low income, but rather to bad eating habits in the studied population. Overweight adolescents did not adhere to the "healthy" dietary pattern, emphasizing the need for nutritional education among them.

IAtividade antimicrobiana de extratos hidroalcoolicos das folhas de alecrim-pimenta, aroeira, barbatimão, erva baleeira e do farelo da casca de pequi Antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts from rosemary, peppertree, barbatimão and erva baleeira leaves and from pequi peel meal

Objective: To evaluate the knowledge and attitude of patients with diabetes mellitus in Primary Health Care and associated factors. Methods: Cross-sectional, quantitative and analytical study with 353 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Family Health Strategy units. The Knowledge and Psychological Attitudes Questionnaires were used for data collection, as well as a script with sociodemographic, economic and clinical data. Results: The majority of the population was female (73.1%), aged more than 50 years (81.5%), diagnosed for more than five years (54.9%) and with a per capita income of up to half a minimum wage (59.3%). The scores of knowledge and attitude were low. Age (p = 0.001) and level of education (p = 0.002) were variables associated with knowledge about diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Users had a low level of knowledge about diabetes, indicating an unsatisfactory result in self-care and mainly a negative attitude towards coping with this disease. Sociodemográficos, Económicos y Clínicos. Resultados: La población fue constituida por su sexo femenino (73,1%), con superioridad a 50 años (81,5%), con tempo de diagnóstico superior a 5 años (54,9%) y com renda per Capita de hasta medio salario mínimo (59,3%). Los escores de conocimiento y la atitud foram baixos. A edad (p = 0,001) y escolaridad (p = 0,002) foram variáveis asociadas al conocimiento sobre la diabetes mellitus. Conclusión: Los pacientes presentan bajos conocimientos sobre la diabetes, indicando resultado insatisfactorio no autocuidado y en su mayoría, atitud negativa no enfrentamiento de la enfermedad.

Resumo Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de comportamentos de risco à saúde (CRS) e identificar os fatores associados. Métodos Estudo transversal com amostra aleatória de 902 acadêmicos de uma universidade pública no norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil. As variáveis analisadas foram: características sociodemográficas, acadêmicas e comportamentos de risco. Utilizou-se a Razão de Prevalência bruta e ajustada, estimadas pelo modelo de regressão de Poisson. Resultados Os CRS mais prevalentes foram: baixo consumo de frutas e verduras (98,1%), não realização de exercício aeróbio (71,2%) e uso irregular de preservativo (63,1%). As associações significativas foram: gênero masculino com consumo abusivo de bebida alcoólica (RP=1,53), drogas ilícitas (RP=2,41) e envolvimento em brigas (RP=2,12); idade até 21 anos com envolvimento em brigas (RP=2,77); estado civil com companheiro com envolvimento em brigas (RP=3,03) e uso irregular de preservativo (RP=1,59); estudantes de outras áreas de graduação com não realização de exercício aeróbio (RP=1,26); classe econômica A ou B com drogas ilícitas (RP=1,92). Conclusão Observaram-se variações nas prevalências dos CRS, com destaque para baixo consumo de frutas e verduras, e tabagismo. Os CRS mostraram-se positivamente associados ao gênero masculino, idade até 21 anos, classe econômica A ou B, estado civil com companheiro e estudantes de outras áreas de graduação.

Objective: To evaluate the intake of ultra-processed foods by children under 24 months of age from the city of Montes Claros and identify factors associated with this consumption. Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study with data collected from households through interviews. A questionnaire assessed the sociodemographic conditions of the family, maternal and child characteristics, and food consumption. We adopted a multivariate model to identify factors associated with the intake of ultra-processed foods. Results: A total of 545 children participated in this study, of whom 74.3% consumed some kind of ultra-processed food. The factors most strongly associated with this consumption were children older than six months, infants who were not breastfed, households with up to three residents, and the main caregiver of the child being someone other than the mother. Conclusions: Children under 24 months start consuming ultra-processed products at an early age, replacing foods considered natural and healthy. This study can contribute to guide health professionals in counseling families about feeding in the first years of life, emphasizing the proper introduction of complementary feeding and discouraging the consumption of ultra-processed products.