Persisting vertical transmission, there are signs that the quality of prenatal and neonatal care should be restructured.

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RESUMOIntrodução: A prática regular de atividade física (PRAF) é fundamental em qualquer idade e tem sido considerada um meio de preservar e melhorar a saúde e a qualidade de vida do ser humano. A inatividade física é um importante fator de risco de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, como diabetes e hipertensão arterial. Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência e os fatores associados à PRAF em adolescentes, adultos e idosos. Métodos: Estudo transversal, de base populacional, realizado no norte do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foi adotada amostragem por conglomerados em múltiplos estágios, cujos dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário em visitas domiciliares. A PRAF foi avaliada por meio da pergunta "Com que frequência você pratica atividade física?". Aqueles que responderam "sempre" ou "frequentemente" foram considerados ativos. Características sociodemográficas, comportamentais e de saúde geral foram avaliadas. Utilizou-se o teste do qui-quadrado e o modelo de regressão de Poisson, com ajuste robusto para as variâncias. Resultados: Entre os adolescentes, 45,2% foram considerados ativos. A PRAF entre adolescentes apresentou associação significativa com: menor idade, sexo masculino, aqueles que estavam estudando, que não fumavam e com maiores níveis de qualidade de vida/ domínio mental. Entre os adultos, 20,7% foram considerados ativos. A PRAF entre adultos apresentou associação significativa com sexo masculino, maior escolaridade e maior nível de qualidade de vida relacionado aos aspectos mentais. Entre os idosos, 19,1% foram considerados ativos. A PRAF entre idosos apresentou associação significativa com cor de pele autodeclarada branca, maior escolaridade, exercer atividade de trabalho e maior nível qualidade vida (aspecto mental). Conclusão: Observou-se um decréscimo do nível de atividade física com o aumento da idade cronológica. Recomenda-se a implantação de políticas públicas que estimulem a prática regular de atividade física nos subgrupos populacionais mais afetados pelo sedentarismo: os adultos e os idosos, especialmente as mulheres e os com menor nível socioeconômico.Palavras-chave: atividade física, prevalência, adolescente, adulto, idoso. ABSTRACT Introduction: The regular practice of physical activity (RPAP) is fundamental in any age and has been considered a means of preserving and improving the health and quality of life of the human being. Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for chronic diseases

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of breastfeeding and the introduction of complementary food for zero to 24-month-old infants.Methods: This is a population-based cross-sectional study of children aged less than 24 months in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data were collected in 2015, by interviews with people in charge of infant care in the house. The questionnaire administered assessed the sociodemographic status of the family, maternal and infant characteristics and food consumption habits. Survival analysis was used to calculate median prevalence and duration of breastfeeding and the introduction of complementary feeding. Results: With 180 days of life, 4.0% of the children were exclusively breastfed, 22.4% were mostly breastfed and 43.4% were fed breast milk as complementary food. In the third month of life, children were consuming water (56.8%), fruit juice or formula (15.5%) and cow’s milk (10.6%). At the age of 12 months, 31.1% were consuming artificial juice and 50.0% were eating candies. Before the age of 1 year, 25.0% of them had already eaten instant noodles.Conclusions: The introduction of drinks, honey, sugar and candies as complementary food was found to be premature; and solid and semi-solid foods were almost appropriate. The habits described can directly affect the success of breastfeeding. Given that the inadequate eating practices identified can compromise the infant’s health, actions that promote breastfeeding and provide guidance on the introduction of complementary foods are important.

Influência de fatores socioeconômicos na qualidade de vida de idosos hipertensos

deviations from the "healthy" patterns were not associated to low income, but rather to bad eating habits in the studied population. Overweight adolescents did not adhere to the "healthy" dietary pattern, emphasizing the need for nutritional education among them.

Objective: To describe the main characteristics, including stage of disease and local treatment of patients admitted to two reference services for the treatment of breast cancer in the North of Minas Gerais. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study. We evaluated medical records of 288 female patients with breast cancer admitted between January 2006 and December 2009, referred from a public hospital and a private clinic. Variables were analyzed using the chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression. Results: 68.1% of patients were referred from the public hospital. There was a predominance of patients over 50 years old (54.5%), married (59%) and with children (87.8%). The mean age of the population studied was 63 years old. Time between suspected cancer and confirmation of diagnosis was over six months in 42.7% of patients. Cancer diagnosis was late (stage III and IV) in 47.6% of patients. Family history of breast cancer was present in 20.1%, 20.8% of them had performed self-breast examination, and 41% had been submitted to a mammogram. Conclusion: There was a higher prevalence of stage III/IV patients from the public service when compared to the private sector. We found that the major factors associated with the late diagnosis of breast cancer were the delay between suspected and confirmed diagnosis, the absence of family history of breast cancer and not having a mammogram.

Analysis of socio-demographic and systemic health factors and the normative conditions of oral health care in a population of the Brazilian elderly Objective: To investigate the association of socio-demographic and systemic health factors according to the normative conditions of oral health care (dental caries, edentulism, periodontal disease and oral mucosal lesion) in elderly individuals. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a group of elderly with access to community health care (n = 200). The normative conditions of oral health were then investigated according to the WHO and the SB Brazil criteria. Bivariate analyses were evaluated by the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. An estimation of prevalence for the covariates was performed using Poisson's regression models. Results: The prevalence of edentulism and oral mucosal lesions was detected in 58% and 21.5% of elderly patients, respectively. In the dentate subjects, the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease was 51.2% and 20.8%, respectively. Older men and individuals from lower-income groups exhibited a higher prevalence of dental caries. Elderly women, illiterate individuals, and individuals over the age of 65 years exhibited a higher prevalence of edentulism. Elderly 60-64 years old and those who are employed had a significant association with periodontal disease. Conclusion: Socio-demographic factors were associated with some notable oral diseases in the elderly.