Dificuldades Iniciais Com a Técnica Da Amamentação E Fatores Associados a Problemas Com a Mama Em Puérperas

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of difficulties in adopting initial breastfeeding techniques and their association with breast disorders in postpartum women.Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out with 276 randomly selected mother-baby pairs in rooming-in in 3 hospitals in a city of Minas Gerais State (southeast Brazil). An assessment protocol was established to evaluate the breastfeeding technique used. The association between the variables studied and breast disorders was determined by the chi-square test followed by logistic regression, with significance level set at 0.05.Results: The main factors indicating difficulties to initiate the breastfeeding techniques were inadequate attachment of the baby to the breast (25%), baby response to the contact with the breast (26.1%) and breast disorders (28.3%). Variables associated with postparturm breast disorders were: adolescent mothers (OR 3.35; 95%CI 1.51-7.44; p=0.003); maternal schooling ≤8 years (OR 2.07; 95%CI 1.01-4.23; p=0.048); and supplement provision to the newborn at the hospital (OR 2.36; 95%CI 1.40-4.92; p=0.003). Mothers working outside the household (OR 0.31; 95%CI 0.16-0.61; p=0.001) served as as protective factor on the multivariate model.Conclusions: The main difficulties in initial breastfeeding were associated with breast disorders, and the factors associated with this problem included demographic and social, variables, as well as others related to the care routine adopted by maternity hospitals.

Prevalence of nipple traumas and related factors among post-partum women assisted in a teaching hospital

“…The mean age of postpartum women was similar to data from an incidence study where 2,331 medical records were analyzed, with a mean age of 24.7 years. 15 It is noteworthy that the literature indicates that adolescence is associated with a higher occurrence of breast problems, 13 among them the nipple trauma, 16 however, age did not present statistical significance for the occurrence of trauma in the sample.…”

“…Regarding maternal schooling, the study showed low schooling. The low educational level increased the risk of breast problems, 13 but further studies are needed to confirm this statement. No connection between the incidence of nipple trauma and maternal schooling was discovered in this research.…”

“…Working outside home behaved as a protective factor for breast problems. 13 However, it was associated with the early introduction of other liquids, 17 and early weaning. 14 Exercise or not paid activities did not present statistical association with the occurrence of nipple trauma in the study sample.…”

Prevalência de intercorrências relacionadas à amamentação em puérperas

“…4,7 Em estudo recente, 43,5% dos RNs foram amamentados nos primeiros 30 minutos após o parto. 20 Das 29 puérperas que apresentaram intercorrências mamárias, 26 RNs foram colocados para mamar na primeira hora de vida. Esse achado revela que colocar o RN ao peito antes de uma hora do nascimento não interfere nas intercorrências mamárias.…”

“…Sabe-se que o comportamento do bebê durante a amamentação poderá dificultar o seu ajuste ao peito. 4,20 Durante a amamentação, 86,2% dos RNs apresentaram boa pega e sucção. Os achados de Barbosa et al apontaram a pega inadequada em 25% das dificuldades iniciais com a técnica da amamentação 20 e 10% dos bebês apresentaram dificuldades relacionadas à pega no início da amamentação.…”