The incidence of obesity which leads to insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic disorder is increasing in developing countries, including Indonesia. Male adults have a higher risk of abdominal obesity than females. This is associated with cardiometabolic disorders. Several anthropometric measurements have been proposed to predict IR. The aim of this study was to investigate whether body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (BF) or visceral fat level (VF) could become a better predictor of IR in healthy young male adults. A total of 140 healthy young male adults ranging from 18–25 years were recruited in the study. Insulin resistance was measured by calculating their Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Subjects with a HOMA-IR value ≥75th percentile, with cut off 3.75, were defined as IR. Anthropometric measurements including body weight, BMI, and WC were performed, whereas BF and VC were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). IR had a strong correlation with body weight, BMI, WC, BF, and VF. In the area under the curve of body mass, BF and VF were slightly greater than WC and BMI. Anthropometric measurements correlated strongly with IR but body weight, BF, VF had a stronger correlation than WC and BMI in healthy young male adults.

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Congenital hypothyroidism is a condition resulting from a deficiency of thyroid hormone in newborns. Congenital hypothyroidism has no specific signs and symptoms at birth. It may lead to severe mental retardation and growth, and developmental disorders. Therefore, it is essential to perform newborn laboratory screening tests for prompt diagnosis and treatment to minimize the sequels. Laboratory screening tests are performed by taking prick blood from the heel of newborn and testing either TSH or T4 or both of them. Currently, the congenital hypothyroidism screening is not mandatory in Indonesia, but some multicentered screening programs have been performed. In Indonesia, a TSH level above 20 µU/mL is used as a cutoff that needs a confirmatory test using serum samples to confirm congenital hypothyroidism diagnosis. Once the diagnosis is established, prompt treatment and laboratory monitoring are needed for a better outcome.

AbstractIntroduction. Central obesity is characterized by the accumulation of abdominal fat which may lead to several diseases including insulin resistance. The prevalence of central obesity is higher in male and the incidence in young adult males is increased. Central obesity is also related to low testosterone levels. The research aimed to assess the relationship between the testosterone levels and insulin resistance of young adult males with central obesity.Methods. This was a cross-sectional study, the subjects were young adult males of 18 to 25 years old. The central obesity consisted of 50 samples and non-central obesity comprised 70 samples. The examination of testosterone and insulin was performed by the ECLIA method, glucose used the enzymatic method, the insulin resistance was calculated by using the HOMA-IR index.Results. The mean of the testosterone level in central obesity was lower than non-central obesity (5.24 + 1.17 vs 7.18 + 1.54 ng/mL, p < 0.001). HOMA-IR index in central obesity was higher than non-central obesity (4.29 + 2.23 vs 2.46 + 1.72, p < 0.001). Testosterone levels had negative correlation with HOMA-IR (r = –0.470, p < 0.001). There was significant difference in HOMA-IR among the quartiles of testosterone levels.Conclusion. There is negative correlation between testosterone level with HOMA-IR, the lower the testosterone level the higher the insulin resistance in young adult males.

IntroductionStroke is a neurologic emergency disease and the main cause of high mortality. Inflammatory process in stroke due to cell and tissue damage causes increase of leucocyte prominently neutrophil. Neutrophil Limphocyte Ratio is an easy-to-measure inflammatory marker. There is only few data of RNL in Indonesia.MethodsThis was a retrospective cross-sectional study using secondary data from Medical Record RSUP Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Makassar. Leucocyte, neutrophil and lymphocyte first data were taken from adult  stroke diagnosed patients. Data statistically analyzed and diagnostic value of  NLR was determined by ROC curve analysis.Results dan DiscussionTotal of 402 patients were enrolled, 214 (54.72%) with ischemic stroke and 182 (46.8) with hemorrhagic stroke. There was a significant RNL difference between ischemic stroke (median 7.23) and hemorrhage stroke (median 3.65) (p<0.001). Using cut off 5.18, ROC curve showed of AUC 0.730 which had weak perfomance to differentiate ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke with sensitivity 67.8% and specificity 68.6%.Conclusion and SuggestionNLR in hemorrhagic stroke is higher than ischemic stroke. We suggest further studies with larger and more evenly distributed samples and consideration of sampling time.

BACKGROUND<br />High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) has been widely accepted as a predictor of future cardiovascular risk that reflects a microinflammatory state. Obesity linked to microinflammation increases the prevalence of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to determine the association between several obesity indices namely body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage (fat), and visceral fat (VF) with hsCRP in non-diabetic adults. <br /><br />METHODS<br />This was a cross-sectional study performed on 80 non-diabetic adults with ages ranging from 20-40 years. The obesity indices BMI, WC, body fat percentage, and VF were measured. We then measured the hsCRP levels using an immunoturbidimetric method. Simple and multiple linear regression tests were used to analyze the association between obesity indices and hsCRP levels. <br /><br />RESULTS<br />Mean of log BMI, log WC, and log VF was 1.41 ± 0.08 kg/m2, 1.93 ± 0.06 cm, and 0.95 ± 0.27 units, respectively. Simple linear regression tests showed that log BMI (â=3.506; p&lt;0.001), log WC (â=3.672; p&lt;0.001), log VF (â=0.833; p&lt;0.001), and log systolic blood pressure (â=3.739; p=0.024) had a significant positive correlation with log hsCRP levels. Further multiple linear regression test showed that log BMI (â=3.772; Beta=0.674; p&lt;0.001) had the greater effect on log hsCRP levels compared to other indices. <br /><br />CONCLUSIONS    <br />BMI had a greater influence on hsCRP levels compared to other obesity indices in non-diabetic adults. Body mass index can be used as a better index in predicting hsCRP levels compared to other indices.

Sindrom Koroner Akut (SKA) merupakan manifestasi akut dari plak aterosklerosis pembuluh darah koroner yang koyak atau pecah.Platelet berperan penting pada patogenesis aterosklerosis dan SKA. Nilai MPV yang tinggi mencerminkan ukuran platelet yang lebih besardan lebih reaktif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian retrospektif potong lintang di Rumah Sakit Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassardengan mengambil data pasien dengan diagnosa SKA (STEMI, NSTEMI dan UAP). Sampel SKA kemudian dibagi menjadi kelompokInfark Miokard (STEMI dan NSTEMI) dan non-Infark Miokard (UAP). Nilai platelet dan MPV diambil dari hasil pemeriksaan darah rutinpertama sejak pasien masuk Instalasi Gawat Darurat RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo. Nilai platelet dan MPV dibandingkan berdasarkankelompok SKA. Sebanyak 251 data pasien SKA Infark Miokard dan non-Infark Miokard diperoleh masing-masing 191 data pasien InfarkMiokard dan 60 data pasien non-Infark Miokard. Hasil uji statistik Mann-Whitney tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna nilai plateletantara pasien SKA Infark Miokard dan non-Infark Miokard (263,4 ± 93,2 vs 285,2 ± 98,7; p=0,215). Namun didapatkan perbedaanbermakna nilai MPV antara pasien SKA Infark Miokard dan non-Infark Miokard (8,3 ± 1,13 vs 7,9 ± 1,2; p=0,013). Hasil penelitiandidapatkan nilai MPV di SKA Infark Miokard lebih tinggi daripada SKA non-Infark Miokard. Peneliti menyarankan penggunaan MPVsebagai tolok ukur yang berkemampuan dalam membantu penegakan diagnosa infark miokard.

Background:Abdominal obesity is associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction is often related to metabolic disorder commonly found in abdominal obesity. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number is a biomarker which can be used to reflect the activity of mitochondria. Abdominal obesity is more commonly found in males compared to females and the incidence is growing in young adult male, therefore we investigated the relationship of mtDNA copy number and anthropometric and metabolic biomarkers in young adult male.Methods:A total of 25 healthy young adult males of age 19 to 24 years old were recruited in the study. Metabolic biomarkers were evaluated along with body mass index, waist circumference and total body fat, visceral fat by bioelectrical impedance analysis. mtDNA copy number was measured in peripheral blood leukocytes by using real-time polymerase chain reaction method.Results:After adjusting for ages, mtDNA copy number correlated with body mass index (r= 0.45,P= 0.03) and waist circumference (r= 0.43,P= 0.04) but had no significant correlation with fasting plasma glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, testosterone, total body fat and visceral fat.Conclusion:mtDNA copy number has a positive correlation with BMI and waist circumference. Even though it is still controversial over other studies, further studies are needed to explain the causality and significance of our findings.