<span class="fontstyle0">The study was aimed to introduce a new model construction regarding the transmission of Coronavirus Disease (henceforth, COVID-19) in human population. The mathematical model was constructed by taking into consideration several epidemiology parameters that are closely identical with the real condition. The study further conducted an analysis on the model by identifying the endemicity parameters of COVID-19, i.e., the presence of disease-free equilibrium (DFE) point and basic reproduction number. The next step was to carry out sensitivity analysis to find out which parameter is the most dominant to affect the disease’s endemicity. The results revealed that the parameters </span><span class="fontstyle2">𝜂, 𝜁</span><span class="fontstyle2">𝑠𝑒</span><span class="fontstyle2">, 𝛼,, </span><span class="fontstyle0">and </span><span class="fontstyle2">𝜎 </span><span class="fontstyle0">in sequence showed the most dominant sensitivity index towards the basic reproduction number. Moreover, the results indicated positive index in parameters </span><span class="fontstyle2">𝜂 </span><span class="fontstyle0">and </span><span class="fontstyle2">𝜁</span><span class="fontstyle2">𝑠𝑒 </span><span class="fontstyle0">that represented transmission chances during contact as well as contact rate between vulnerable individuals and exposed individual. This suggests that an<br />increase in the previous parameter value could potentially enlarge the endemicity of COVID-19. On the other hand, parameters </span><span class="fontstyle2">𝛼 </span><span class="fontstyle0">and </span><span class="fontstyle2">𝜎</span><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><span class="fontstyle0">representing movement rate of exposed<br />individuals to the quarantine class and proportion of quarantined exposed individuals, showed negative index. The numbers indicate that an increase in the parameter value could decrease the disease’s endemicity. All in all, the study concludes that treatments for COVID-19 should focus on<br />restriction of interaction between individuals and optimization of quarantine.</span> <br /><br />
Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media berbasis ICT dengan siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional pada materi dimensi tiga. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan menggunakan Posttest-Only Control Group Design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata hasil belajar siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media ICT lebih tinggi dari rata-rata hasil belajar siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional pada materi dimensi tiga. ABSTRACTThese paper have purposed to know the difference of result between the students that have learned by using IT and the students who had subject follow by using conventional learning method in dimension three subject. The research method used in this study is an experimental method using Posttest-Only Control Group Design. The results showed that the average learning outcomes of students who get learning by using ICT media is higher than the average learning outcomes of students who get learning by using conventional learning models on the three dimensional material.
This paper discusses the dynamics of COVID-19 transmission by involving quarantine interventions. The model was constructed by involving three classes of infectious causes, namely the exposed human class, asymptotically infected human class, and symptomatic infected human class. Variables were representing quarantine interventions to suppress infection growth were also considered in the model. Furthermore, model analysis is focused on the existence of equilibrium points and numerical simulations to visually showed population dynamics. The constructed model forms the SEAQIR model which has two equilibrium points, namely a disease-free equilibrium point and an endemic equilibrium point. The stability analysis showed that the disease-free equilibrium point was locally asymptotically stable at R0<1 and unstable at R0>1. Numerical simulations showed that increasing interventions in the form of quarantine could contribute to slowing the transmission of COVID-19 so that it is hoped that it can prevent outbreaks in the population.
ABSTRAKMakalah ini membahas dinamika transmisi COVID-19 dengan melibatkan intervensi karantina. Model dikonstruksi dengan melibatkan tiga kelas penyebab infeksi, yaitu kelas manusia terpapar, kelas manusia terinfeksi tanpa gejala klinis, dan kelas manusia terinfeksi disertai gejala klinis. Variabel yang merepresentasikan intervensi karantina untuk menekan pertumbuhan infeksi juga dipertimbangkan pada model. Selanjutnya, analisis model difokuskan pada eksistensi titik kesetimbangan dan simulasi numerik untuk menunjukkan dinamika populasi secara visual. Model yang dikonstruksi membentuk model SEAQIR yang memiliki dua titik kesetimbangan, yaitu titik kesetimbangan bebas penyakit dan titik kesetimbangan endemik. Analisis kestabilan menunjukkan bahwa titik kesetimbangan bebas penyakit bersifat stabil asimtotik lokal pada saat R01 dan tidak stabil pada saat R01. Simulasi numerik menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan intervensi berupa karantina dapat berkontribusi memperlambat transmisi COVID-19 sehingga diharapkan dapat mencegah terjadinya wabah pada populasi.ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the dynamics of COVID-19 transmission by involving quarantine interventions. The model was constructed by involving three classes of infectious causes, namely the exposed human class, asymptotically infected human class, and symptomatic infected human class. Variables were representing quarantine interventions to suppress infection growth were also considered in the model. Furthermore, model analysis is focused on the existence of equilibrium points and numerical simulations to visually showed population dynamics. The constructed model forms the SEAQIR model which has two equilibrium points, namely a disease-free equilibrium point and an endemic equilibrium point. The stability analysis showed that the disease-free equilibrium point was locally asymptotically stable at R01 and unstable at R01. Numerical simulations showed that increasing interventions in the form of quarantine could contribute to slowing the transmission of COVID-19 so that it is hoped that it can prevent outbreaks in the population.
Teori graf merupakan ilmu matematika yang banyak terapannya salah satunya penjadwalan. Permasalahan yang terjadi pada penjadwalan pengangkutan sampah di Kota Gorontalo berhubungan dengan pengalokasian angkutan dan tenaga kerja ke lokasi serta mengurutkan waktu pengoperasian tenaga kerja. Permasalahannya adalah jalur layanan pengangkutan sampah tidak berdekatan, sehingga waktu yang ditempuh tidak optimal. Penjadwalan perlu diadakan dengan mengurutkan lokasi pengangkutan sampah agar optimal. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode pewarnaan sisi dalam graf. Penyusunan jadwal diawali dengan merepresentasikan armada pengangkut dan jalur layanan kedalam sebuah graf. Pewarnaan sisi pada jadwal pengangkutan sampah dilakukan menggunakan algoritma Welch-Powell dengan cara merepresentasikan data yang diperoleh ke dalam bentuk graf bipartit. Graf jadwal pengangkutan sampah ini terdiri dari dua himpunan, diantaranya himpunan armada getor yang berjumlah 22 dan himpunan jalur layanan 135. Langkah-langkah mewarnai graf menggunakan algoritma Welch-Powell diawali dengan pemilihan derajat tertinggi suatu graf kemudian diwarnai. Setelah pewarnaan selesai maka diperoleh 7 jalur layanan untuk 3 armada dan 6 jalur layanan untuk 19 armada lainnya.
Suatu graf dikatakan terhubung pelangi jika terdapat lintasan antara dua titik yang setiap sisi-sisinya memiliki warna berbeda. Misalkan terdapat suatu graf G tak trivial dengan definisi warna c:E(G)->{1,2,3,...}, maka bilangan terhubung pelangi dari graf G yaitu minimum k dari pewarnaan-k pelangi yang digunakan untuk mewarnai graf G dan dinotasikan dengan rc(G). Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menentukan bilangan terhubung pelangi pada graf salju (Sn_m). Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode studi literatur dengan prosedur sebagai berikut; menggambar graf salju, mencari pola bilangan terhubung pelangi, dan membuktikan teorema bilangan terhubung pelangi pada graf salju (Sn_m). Sehingga diperoleh rc(Sn_m)=m+1 untuk 3<=m<=7 dan m={9,10} dan rc(Sn_m)=m untuk m=8 dan m>=11.
Security unit scheduling is one of the problems that often arises in a security management system. Likewise, security management of the security unit at the Gorontalo State University. Proper security unit scheduling is needed to avoid fatigue for officers, both physical and psychological which can reduce the performance of officers. In this study, the security unit scheduling problem is modeled as Integer Linear Programming (ILP) with an objective linear function, a Linear constraint function and variables in the form of Integer numbers. In solving this scheduling problem, it will be resolved with the help of LINGO 11.0 software. The objective function of this model is to maximize the working days of security unit officers in one scheduling period with 3 shifts.
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