Obesity, overweight and central obesity and sedentary behaviour coexist with undernutrition, and have become a public health problem in all the five cities of India. The prevalence of obesity and sedentary behaviour was significantly greater in Trivandrum, Calcutta and Bombay compared to Moradabad and Nagpur. Sedentary behaviour was significantly associated with obesity compared to non-obese subjects in both sexes, which may be due to greater economic development in metro cities.

Purpose: Metabolic syndrome is associated with several medical risk factors including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and obesity, which has become a worldwide pandemic. The sequelae of this condition increase the risk of cardiovascular and neurological disease and increased mortality. Its pathophysiology is associated with redox dysregulation, excessive inflammation, and perturbation of cellular homeostasis. Molecular hydrogen (H 2) may attenuate oxidative stress, improve cellular function, and reduce chronic inflammation. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown promising effects of H 2-rich water (HRW) on specific features of metabolic syndrome, yet the effects of long-term, high-concentration HRW in this prevalent condition remain poorly addressed. Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial in 60 subjects (30 men and 30 women) with metabolic syndrome. An initial observation period of one week was used to acquire baseline clinical data followed by randomization to either placebo or high-concentration HRW (> 5.5 millimoles of H 2 per day) for 24 weeks. Results: Supplementation with high-concentration HRW significantly reduced blood cholesterol and glucose levels, attenuated serum hemoglobin A1c, and improved biomarkers of inflammation and redox homeostasis as compared to placebo (P < 0.05). Furthermore, H 2 tended to promote a mild reduction in body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio. Conclusion: Our results give further credence that high-concentration HRW might have promising effects as a therapeutic modality for attenuating risk factors of metabolic syndrome.

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Abstract:Objectives: There is evidence that calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, proteins, antioxidants and w-3 fatty acids intakes are inversely associated with risk of osteoporosis and hip fractures. In the present study we examine the association of food consumption pattern and w-6/w-3 fatty acid ratio of the diet with hip joint fractures.Methods: Sixty cases having fracture neck of femur and 95 control subjects above 50 years of age were included in this case control study. Dietary intakes were obtained by 3 days assessment of food intakes by questionnaires among patients with fractures(n=50) as well as among 95 control subjects. Physical activity was assessed by questionnaires. Radiological and clinical examination were conducted for the diagnosis of fractures. Cytokines were measured by chemoluminescence enzyme immunometric assay (immulite automated analyzer) kit (DPC Los Angelis, CA, USA). Regression analysis was done to find out the association of risk factors with hip fractures.Results: Among 60 cases, the fracture was more common in male than female. Fruits, vegetables and legume(165 ±12.6 vs. 205±15.8g/day, P<0.03) as well as milk products (milk, curd, butter etc) consumption (205+25.8 vs.