Latar Belakang: Sekarang ini perkembangan teknologi tidak hanya digunakan oleh orang dewasa, tetapi perkembangan teknologi telah digunakan juga dikalangan anak-anak. Salah satu kemajuan teknologi adalah gawai. Salah satu bentuk gawai adalah smartphone. Dampak negatif dari pengunaan gawai yaitu menurunnya fungsi penglihatan, akibat paparan sinar dari layar monitor (LED/LCD) dan penyinaran lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran perilaku penggunaan gawai dan kesehatan mata pada anak usia 10-12 tahun. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SD Negeri 10 Salatiga. Variabel penelitian yang diteliti adalah durasi penggunaan gawai, posisi tubuh saat menggunakan gawai, pemakaian ketika cahaya redup, pemakaian ketika tidak ada cahaya dan kondisi kesehatan mata. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis distribusi frekuensi. Hasil: Responden yang menggunakan gawai dalam waktu 2-3 jam/hari sebanyak 45 responden (66,2%). Responden yang menggunakan posisi duduk tegak saat menggunakan gawai sebanyak 37 orang (54,4%). Responden yang tidak pernah menggunakan gawai ketika cahaya redup sebanyak 35 orang (51,5%). Responden dalam penelitian ini menyatakan menggunakan gawai ketika ada cahaya sebanyak 34 orang (50%).
Kebugaran kardiorespirasi memungkinkan aktivitas fisik dalam waktu lama dan memerlukan oksigen untuk mendapatkan energi. Transpor oksigen dimediasi oleh hemoglobin yang terdapat dalam eritrosit. Kebugaran kardiorespirasi dapat diukur berdasarkan nilai VO2max. Metode latihan High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) terbukti dapat meningkatkan VO2max. Namun belum jelas apakah peningkatan VO2max diiringi dan berhubungan dengan perubahan nilai hemoglobin, eritrosit dan hematokrit. Penelitian ini mempelajari korelasi perubahan nilai VO2max, hemoglobin, eritrosit dan hematokrit sebelum dan sesudah latihan HIIT selama 8 minggu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, VO2max meningkat sebesar 7,33±4,03 (ml·kg-1·min-1) atau 20,36% (p<0,05), hemoglobin dan eritrosit meningkat sebesar 0,04±0,63 atau 0,24% (p>0,05) dan 0,02±0,22·106/µL atau 0,32% (p>0,05) sedangkan hematokrit mengalami penurunan sebesar 0,12±2% dari volume darah atau 0,27% (p>0,05) dari nilai pre-test. Uji korelasi menunjukkan ada hubungan (p<0,05) antara perubahan nilai hemoglobin, eritrosit dan hematokrit, namun tidak terdapat hubungan (p>0,05) dengan peningkatan VO2max. Correlation of Change in VO2Max, Hemoglobin, Erythrocytes, and Hematocrit After High Intensity Interval Training AbstractCardiorespiratory fitness allows physical activity for a long time and requires oxygen to gain energy. Oxygen transport mediated by hemoglobin present in erythrocytes. Cardiorespiratory fitness can be measured based on VO2max values. High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) have been shown to improve VO2max. It is not clear whether the increase in VO2max is accompanied and associated with changes in hemoglobin, erythrocyte and hematocrit values. This study aim to find out the correlation of VO2max, hemoglobin, erythrocyte and hematocrit changes before and after HIIT for 8 weeks. The results VO2max increased by 7.33±4.03 (ml·kg-1·min-1) or 20.36% (p<0.05), hemoglobin and erythrocytes increased by 0.04±0.63 or 0.24% (p>0.05) and 0.02±0.22·106/μL or 0.32% (p>0.05) whereas the hematocrit decreased by 0.12±2% of blood volume or 0.27% (p>0.05) of the pre-test value. The correlation test showed a correlation (p<0.05) between changes in hemoglobin, erythrocyte and hematocrit values, but no relationship (p>0.05) with increased VO2max.
Improved technological developments can be felt throughout societies that can have a positive and negative effect. A parent’s knowledge will make the decision to give the child in charge. The purpose of this research is to describe the knowledge of parents about the gawais and the provision of gawais in children aged 9-12 years. The type of research used is quantitative descriptive. The population is a parent of elementary school students from Negeri Wonorejo 2 subdistrict of Semarang district. The number of respondents was 83 randomly picked people (random sampling). Collection of research data using questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reusability. The results showed that 55.4% of respondents knew about the function of gawais and 42.2% of respondents gave the child a gawai. From respondents who give the device only 19.4% that gives the child restrictions. The use of gawais provided by respondents is for entertainment, communication and for child control.
Freediving is a diving activity without any breathing equipments. The durations of the dive activity depend on ability to hold breath (apnea). The ability of apnea may be affected by lung vital capacity. The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between vital lung capacity and apnea duration in 30 males 19-25 years old. Vital lung capacity measured using spirometer and the duration of apnea measured using stopwatch in swimming pool. Data analyzed using 1-tailed pearson correlation test. The result shows that there is a correlation (p<0,05) between vital lung capacity and the duration of apnea. The correlation coeficient is 0,743 that means this is a strong positive correlation between the two variables.
Penyelam mengalami penambahan tekanan lingkungan ketika bergerak turun menambah kedalaman penyelaman. Tekanan tersebut menyebabkan volume ruang udara dalam telinga tengah berkurang dan dapat menyebabkan barotrauma dan kerusakan membran timpani. Tekanan tersebut harus diseimbangkan dengan cara melakukan ekualisasi. Ada tiga metode ekualisasi, yaitu metode valsava, toynbee dan menggerakkan rahang. Namun belum diketahui metode mana yang memiliki tingkat keberhasilan tertinggi. Penelitian ini mempelajari tingkat keberhasilan ketiga metode ekualisasi dengan membandingkan kedalaman yang berhasil dicapai oleh penyelam menggunakan tiga metode yang berbeda. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 40 orang penyelam terlatih di lingkungan kolam air tawar dengan kedalaman 5 meter. Variabel yang diukur adalah angka kedalaman (dalam meter) yang berhasil dicapai penyelam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara capaian kedalaman menggunakan metode valsava dengan capaian kedalaman menggunakan metode toynbee (p<0,05) dan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pula antara capaian kedalaman menggunakan metode valsava dengan capaian kedalaman menggunakan metode menggerakkan rahang (p<0,05). Namun tidak didapati adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara data capaian kedalaman menggunakan metode menggerakkan rahang dengan capaian kedalaman menggunakan metode toynbee (p>0,05). Difference in success rate of 3 equalize method among trained divers in the freshwater environment AbstractDivers experience increase of environmental pressure when the diver descends. This pressure causes the volume of air space in the middle ear to decrease, can cause barotrauma and tympanic damage. This pressure must be equalize. There are three methods of equalization, valsava maneuver, toynbee and moving the jaw. But it is not known which method has the highest success rate. This research studied the success rate of the three methods of equalization by comparing the depth achieved by divers using the three different methods. This study was conducted on 40 trained divers in the freshwater pool with 5 meters depth. The variable measured is the number of depths (in meters) successfully achieved by divers. The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference between the depth achieved using the Valsava maneuver with the depth achieved using the toynbee maneuver (p <0.05) and there were also significant differences between the depth achieved using the Valsava maneuver with depth achieved using the jaw moving method (p <0, 05). However, there was no significant difference between the depth achieved using the jaw moving method with depth achieved using the toynbee maneuver (p> 0.05).
Fundamental movements are part of teaching objectives in the physical education curriculum for elementary schools students. This study aimed to analyze the elementary school students' basic movement skills (FMS) using the kinematic approach. The fundamental movements in this research were correlated with lower body parts, i.e., one leg standing position with closed eyes (non-locomotor), hopping (locomotor), running (locomotor), and kicking (manipulative). This was comparative research that was conducted in a quantitative approach. The random sampling method selected 126 elementary students (75 male and 51 female) aged 8.96 ± 1.50 years old. The kinematic data were collected by using kinematic video analysis in Kinovea 0.9.4 computer software. The independent variables were one leg standing position in second, distance per step (DPS) in centimeter, speed per step (SPS) in meter per second, step height (SH) in centimeter, kicking speed (KS) in meter per second, and estimated maximum distance (MD) in centimeter. All variables were measured both left and right foot. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and the Mann-Whitney U test to find the significant difference between gender. The results showed only two independent variables were significantly different. In hopping, there was left foot height (α= 0.044) and left foot speed (α= 0.043). In conclusion, elementary school students aged 8.96 ± 1.50 years old have a similar fundamental movement skill.
Physical education lesson was commonly interpreted as sport education. As a result, sport skill and achievement were the main achievement in physical education class. Student who could perform many sport skills will love physical education a lot, on other hand student who could not perform well would not like this lesson. However, the main purpose in the physical education lesson is not only about sport, but also to promote a healthy life (body and mind). So, the ability in sport is not the main goal, nevertheless they are only used to achieve the healthy body and mind for every student who learns in this class as the primary goal. In Indonesia the implementation of physical education is regulated by the government regulation, especially for elementary and high school level. Whereas the implementation on physical education lesson in preschool and university level, depends on the institution decision. The main duty of a physical education teacher is to encourage every student (who are good or not in sport skill) to have a healthy life, and it could be applied easier by a good understanding of the multiple intelligence theory. This research aims to provide an interesting view of physical education class by using multiple intelligences theory. Moreover, this study also analyzes the application and Reflection of MI in Physical Education Lesson in preschool, elementary school, junior high school, senior high school and university. This is a qualitative research with participantobserver study in several schools about 4 years. There are some typical multiple intelligence characteristics on every education level. The implication and suggestion for physical education class will be explained in this paper.
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