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RESUMENTaninos, contenido proteico y composición de áci-dos grasos de semillas de algunas especies de Vicia L. de Turquía.Las semillas oleaginosas de seis especies de Vicia (Leguninoas) fueron investigadas por su proteína, contenido en taninos y composición en ácidos grasos. El contenido de proteína en las semillas vario entre un 21.87%-31.33%. El contenido de taninos en las semillas vario entre un 0.13%-1.07%. La composición de ácidos grasos de estas seis diferentes especies fue determinada por GC mediante los esteres metílicos de sus ácidos grasos. Las semillas oleaginosas de las especies de Vicia contienen ácidos palmítico y esteárico como componentes mayoritarios entre los ácidos grasos saturados, con pequeñas cantidades de ácido mirísti-co, ácido palmitoleico y ácido margárico. Los ácidos grasos insaturados mayoritarios encontrados en las semillas oleaginosas fueron el ácido oleico, ácido linoleico y ácido linoléni-co. En este estudio, el contenido total de ácidos grasos saturado de las especies de Vicia vario entre 18.5 y 22.4% mientras que el de insaturados vario entre 71.1 y 80.3%. The seedoils of six Vicia species (Leguminosae) were investigated for their protein, tannin contents and fatty acid compositions. The protein contents of the seeds were found to be between 21.87%-31.33%. The tannin contents of the seeds were found to be between 0.13%-1.07%. The fatty acid compositions of these six different species were determined by the GC of the methyl esters of their fatty acids. The oilseeds of Vicia species contain palmitic and stearic acids as the major component of their fatty acids, among the saturated acids, with small amounts of myristic, palmitoleic and margaric acids. The major unsaturated fatty acids found in the oilseeds were oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids. In this study, the total saturated fatty acids of Vicia species were between 18.5 and 22.4% while the total unsaturated fatty acids were between 71.1 and 80.3%. PALABRAS CLAVE: Ácidos grasos -Especies de

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corniculatus, and Leuceana leucocephala species contain 50.0, 59.4, 69.5, 37.06, and 52.6% linoleic acid, respectively, as the major component fatty acids, whereas in the seed oil of Lathyrus cicer, linolenic acid accounts for 29.7% as the major component fatty acid. The ratios of these fatty acids in the Leguminous genera were found to be highly variable. In the study of taxa, palmitic acid was found in the major saturated fatty acids, on the other hand oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids were found in major unsaturated fatty acids. KEY-WORDS: Fatty acid -Leguminosae -Protein -Seed oil -Tannin. INTRODUCTIONLegumes as source of protein for both forage and grain have a great chance of increasing their importance in the farming systems of the 21st century. Legume plants include many economically important crop plants that are utilized in human foodstuffs, herbal medicines, oil materials and as animal forages.In Turkey, the Lathyrus species has been cultivated in small field areas and used mainly as forage and rarely as food. The Lathyrus species contains some toxic substances. One of the most important of these substances is a neurotoxinoxalyl diamino propionic acid -(ODAP), which can result in paralysis in humans and the lower limbs of animals by affecting the central nervous system. This disease, named Lathyrism, generally occurs when seeds are consumed in large quantities for 3-4 months (Basaran et al. 2007).Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.), also known as holy clover, is a perennial forage legume with a deep taproot often grown in conjunction with forage grasses to reduce bloat hazard as well as to improve soil fertility due to its nitrogen fixing ability. Another desirable trait is that sainfoin has an early growth habit, sprouting earlier than alfalfa in spring to give good forage yields. While the availability of early fresh forage for stock is appreciated by farmers it is the ability of the feed to reduce RESUMEN Análisis químico de semillas de algunas leguminosas forrajeras de Turquía. Un enfoque quimiotaxonómico.Se han estudiado las semillas procedentes de seis leguminosas forrajeras (leguminosas) en relación a sus proteí-nas, contenido de taninos y composición de ácidos grasos. El contenido de proteínas de las semillas de leguminosas forrajeras osciló entre un 23,1 y un 37,2%. Por otro lado, el contenido de taninos de las mismas semillas se encontraron entre 0,67 y 6,33%. La composición en ácidos grasos de estas seis especies diferentes se determinó por cromatografía gaseosa como ésteres metílicos de los ácidos grasos. Los aceites de las semillas de diferentes taxones de leguminosas contenían los ácidos linoleico y linolénico como principales componentes. Los aceites de semillas de las especies Helianthus Lathyrus, Onobrychis crista-galli, Trigonella foenumgraceum, Lotus corniculatus, y Leuceana Leucocephala contienen 50.0, 59.4, 69.5, 37.06 y 52.6%, respectivamente de ácido linoleico, como principal componente de los ácidos grasos, mientras que el aceite de semillas de Cicer Lathyrus contiene ácid...

Abstract:The research was conducted with aim to investigate adaptation capability of twenty five hybrid dent corn cultivars, and to determine relationships among traits in maize at Bingol, East Anatolia Region, conditions of Turkey during 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. The experiment was set up according to the Randomized Complete-Block Design with three replicates. Results of the research showed that differences among the grain yields and yield components of cultivars were statistically significant in both years. The highest and the lowest value of yield components varied according to cultivars and years. The grain yield of maize cultivars varied in between 5521.3-10442.0 kg ha -1 in the first year and in between 6362.0-14296.7 kg ha -1 in the second year. The highest grain yields were determined in ADV-2898 cultivar (10442.0 kg ha -1 ) in the first year and Tuano cultivar (14296.7 kg ha -1 ) in the second year. The lowest grain yield was identified in Şafak cultivar (5521.3 kg ha -1 ) in the first year and Dian cultivar (6362.0 kg ha -1 ) in the second year. According to correlation analysis, grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with ear length, ear diameter number of kernel per ear, ear weight and 1000 grain weight of maize. The non-significant correlations were determined in between grain yield with plant height and stem diameter. Bingöl Koşullarında Hibrit Atdişi Mısır Çeşitlerinin PerformanslarıAnahtar Kelimeler Mısır, Çeşit, Verim, Korelasyon Özet: Araştırma 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında Türkiye'nin Doğu Anadolu Bölgesinde yer alan Bingöl şartlarında 25 atdişi hibrit mısır çeşidinin adaptasyon kapasitesini araştırmak ve incelenen özellikler arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışma tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırmanın sonuçlara göre her iki yılda da çeşitlerin verim ve verim özellikleri arasındaki farklar istatistiksel olarak önemli olmuştur. İncelenen verim özelliklerinin en yüksek ve en düşük değerleri çeşitlere ve yıllara göre değişmiştir. Mısır çeşitlerinin tane verimleri birinci yıl 552. 13-1044.20 kg/da, ikinci yıl 636.20-1429.67 kg/da arasında değişmiştir. En yüksek tane verimi birinci yıl ADV-2898 çeşidinde (1044.20 kg/da), ikinci yıl Tuano çeşidinde (1429.67 kg/da) belirlenmiştir. En düşük tane verimi ise birinci yıl Şafak çeşidinde (552.13 kg/da), ikinci yıl Dian çeşidinde (636.20 kg/da) kaydedilmiştir. Korelasyon analiz sonuçlarına göre, mısırda tane verimi ile koçan boyu, koçan çapı, koçanda tane sayısı, koçan ağırlığı ve 1000 tane ağırlığı arasında pozitif ve önemli ilişkiler belirlenmiştir. Tane verimi ile bitki boyu ve sap çapı arasındaki ilişki önemli çıkmamıştır.

This research was carried out to characterize both 200 pure lines selected from Turkish bread wheat landraces and 25 Turkish bread wheat cultivars based on 3 grain quality traits [thousand kernel weight (TKW), protein content (PC), Zeleny sedimentation test (ZSDS)] and 5 mixograph parameters. Univariate and Multivariate(clustering and ordination) techniques were used to investigate the diversity present among the pure lines and cultivars. Both cluster and ordination analyses suggested that there were ten groups of studied genotypes. Applying genotype-by-trait (GT) biplot analysis to the multiple quality trait data revealed that GT-biplot graphically displayed the interrelationships among traits and facilitated visual comparison of pure lines and selection. The results also showed that, based on the quality traits, the pure lines in different groups were belonged to different provinces of Turkey. They were also proved to be highly diverse for 8 quality trait values (both mixograph and grain quality) to breeders and end-users. Especially most of the pure lines had higher PC, midline peak value of mixogram (MPV), midline time x = 8 min integral of mixogram (MTxI) and ZSDS values than some of the cultivars. Also, our results were very contributive in selection of precious pure lines for further breeding programs.

M. Kaplan, M. Arslan, H. Kale, K. Kara, and K. Kokten. 2017. GT Biplot Analysis for Silage Potential, Nutritive Value, Gas and Methane Production of Stay-Green Grain Sorghum Shoots. Cien. Inv. Agr. 44(3): 230-238. This study was conducted to investigate the possible silage of stay-green sorghum genotypes using GT biplot analysis. Following the grain harvest, 41 sorghum genotypes were chopped to make silage. Biochemical analyses were performed after 60 d of silage. The results revealed that green herbage yields varied between 13.40-65.96 t ha -1 , pH between 3.92-4.25, dry matter ratios between 24.26-35.83%, crude protein ratios between 3.44-7.03%, acid detergent fiber (ADF) ratios between 27.46-52.01%, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) ratios between 40.80-69.12%, crude ash ratios between 5.89-15.14%, lactic acid contents between 1.657-4.914%, and propionic acid contents between 0.000-0.247%. Methane production values varied between 14.15-21.80%, gas production between 18.51-47.36 mL, metabolic energy (ME) between 6.68-11.67 MJ kg -1 DM, and organic matter digestibility (OMD) between 47.20-89.93%. According to GT biplot analysis, there were positive correlations among ADF, NDF and DM; among methane, ME, OMD and gas-methane production; and among acetic, butyric and propionic acids, pH, ash and protein contents. There were negative correlations among gas production, ADF, and NDF and among herbage yield, crude protein, organic acids, pH and crude ash. Among the genotypes, Sugargraze was prominent with herbage yield, while genotypes G4 and G3 were prominent with crude protein. Considering all parameters, genotype G20 seemed to be the ideal genotype. Although some silage samples had low silage and nutritional characteristics, others yielded values close to or even higher than full sorghum silage. These varieties can constitute a quality roughage source for livestock in winter. Further breeding research on stay-green genotypes may provide significant contributions to plant and livestock production activities.