Tannin, protein contents and fatty acid compositions of the seeds of several Vicia L. species from Turkey

Abstract

RESUMENTaninos, contenido proteico y composición de áci-dos grasos de semillas de algunas especies de Vicia L. de Turquía.Las semillas oleaginosas de seis especies de Vicia (Leguninoas) fueron investigadas por su proteína, contenido en taninos y composición en ácidos grasos. El contenido de proteína en las semillas vario entre un 21.87%-31.33%. El contenido de taninos en las semillas vario entre un 0.13%-1.07%. La composición de ácidos grasos de estas seis diferentes especies fue determinada por GC mediante los esteres metílicos de sus ácidos grasos. Las semillas oleaginosas de las especies de Vicia contienen ácidos palmítico y esteárico como componentes mayoritarios entre los ácidos grasos saturados, con pequeñas cantidades de ácido mirísti-co, ácido palmitoleico y ácido margárico. Los ácidos grasos insaturados mayoritarios encontrados en las semillas oleaginosas fueron el ácido oleico, ácido linoleico y ácido linoléni-co. En este estudio, el contenido total de ácidos grasos saturado de las especies de Vicia vario entre 18.5 y 22.4% mientras que el de insaturados vario entre 71.1 y 80.3%. The seedoils of six Vicia species (Leguminosae) were investigated for their protein, tannin contents and fatty acid compositions. The protein contents of the seeds were found to be between 21.87%-31.33%. The tannin contents of the seeds were found to be between 0.13%-1.07%. The fatty acid compositions of these six different species were determined by the GC of the methyl esters of their fatty acids. The oilseeds of Vicia species contain palmitic and stearic acids as the major component of their fatty acids, among the saturated acids, with small amounts of myristic, palmitoleic and margaric acids. The major unsaturated fatty acids found in the oilseeds were oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids. In this study, the total saturated fatty acids of Vicia species were between 18.5 and 22.4% while the total unsaturated fatty acids were between 71.1 and 80.3%. PALABRAS CLAVE: Ácidos grasos -Especies de

Fatty Acid Composition of the Seed Oils of SelectedViciaL. Taxa from Tunisia

“…The percentages of total UFA were comparable to those previously reported for other species of the genus Vicia (71.0 to 92.2%) Pastor-Cavada et al, 2009b;Kökten et al, 2010;Emre et al, 2011), including the species studied here. The obtained percentages were also comparable to those of the seeds of other related genera of the tribe Fabeae, such as Lathyrus L. (56.1 to 86.7%) Pastor-Cavada et al, 2009a;Emre et al, 2010), Lens Mill.…”

“…The obtained percentages of total SFA were similar to those reported by Kökten et al (2010) for six vetch species (18.0 to 22.4%), but slightly higher if compared to the 10-20% total SFA levels generally found by for legume seeds. Linoleic-oleic, linoleic-palmitic and linoleicoleic-palmitic types FA patterns are known to be typical of many leguminous genera .…”

“…Pastor-Cavada et al (2009b) and reported more than double levels of linoleic acid (28.7 to 66.3% of TFA and 20 to 50% of TFA, respectively) among the vetch species considered in their respective studies. On a whole, linoleic acid was usually found to be the most abundant FA in vetchRenna et al es Yoshida et al, 2008;Pastor-Cavada et al, 2009b;Kökten et al, 2010), with few exceptions reported (Akpinar et al, 2001;Pastor-Cavada et al, 2009b). High levels of linoleic acid are also known to be typical of the seeds of many other legumes (Maestri et al, 2002;Yoshida et al, 2007;Pastor-Cavada et al, 2009a;Emre et al, 2010;Koçak et al, 2011).…”

“…Higher UFA than SFA, as well as higher PUFA than MUFA levels, were reported in the seeds of various wild and cultivated legumes in different ecological and geographical areas (Grela and Günter, 1995;Maestri et al, 2002;Bağci, 2006;Yoshida et al, 2007;PastorCavada et al, 2009aPastorCavada et al, , 2009bKökten et al, 2010;Koçak et al, 2011).…”

“…Some studies conducted on the potential nutritional value of vetch seeds from several species and cultivars grown in Tunisia showed that their high protein content makes them a cheap natural valid alternative to the more expensive soybean and its derivatives (Selmi et al, 2010). The widespread use of vetch seeds makes them also noteworthy sources of lipids for the rations of ruminants and non-ruminants (Kökten et al, 2010). The importance of fatty acid (FA) analysis in plant seeds relies in the possibility to select taxa characterised by a favourable FA profile (e.g., high levels of beneficial unsaturated FA) (Ryan et al, 2007;Kuhnt et al, 2012) which may lead to animal derived food products of enhanced fat quality, and to provide characteristic phenotypic information for the chemotaxonomic characterisation and the phylogenetic relationships existing at different taxonomic levels Koçak et al, 2011).…”