B etter targeting opportunities and the increasing role of information-intensive environments have created new challenges for firms in obtaining customer information. Such information can help firms increase their profits through cross-selling opportunities. However, revealing personal preferences and contact information can raise the risks for customers when dealing with a firm. Consequently, some customers trade off the benefit and risks of revealing information. As the opportunity to obtain a higher level of information increases, customers incur a higher level of risk when dealing with a firm. This increases the firm's incentive to commit on a crossselling level. By such a commitment, a firm can obtain customer intimacy and benefit from detailed customer information. As a result, profits increase while prices decrease. Thus, legal regulations that explicitly require firms to spell out the extent of cross-selling may actually improve the profits of the firm.
Grain yield of 15 durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) genotypes consisting of 13 cultivars and 2 advanced lines, tested in a randomized complete block design with four replications across 8 environments of Central Anatolian Region of Turkey was analyzed using nine parametric stability measures. The objectives were to assess genotype--environment interactions (GEI), determine stable genotypes, and compare mean grain yield with the parametric stability parameters. To quantify yield stability, nine stability statistics were calculated (, α i and λ i ). Yilmaz-98, Cakmak-79, Kiziltan-91, Selcuklu-97 and C-1252 were more stable cultivars, which had 9, 8, 6, 6, 6 out of all 9 stability statistics used, respectively. Especially, among these cultivars, Yilmaz-98 and Cakmak-79 were the most stable cultivars. Furthermore, three-dimensional plots of mean response versus each stability statistic were shown to visually evaluate the yield potential and stability estimates of the genotypes. Genotype mean yield ( -x) was significantly positively correlated to the regression coefficient (b i ), environmental variance and genotype to the environmental effects (α i ), indicating that high grain yielding genotypes had larger values b i , S 2 i , andCV i , α i and b i , were significantly correlated, indicating that they measured similar aspects of stability.
Evaluation of performance stability and high yield is essential for yield trials conducted in different environments. We determined the stability of 10 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes (5 cultivars and 5 advanced lines) using nonparametric stability measures and compared nonparametric stability statistics across 19 environments in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey. Experiments were setup in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Nonparametric stability measures revealed that AL-2, Karahan-99 and Altay-2000 were the most stable and well adapted genotypes across the 19 environments. In addition, it was concluded that graphs of mean grain yield (t ha -1 ) vs. nonparametric measures (S i (1) , S i (2) , S (3) , S i (6) and σgy) values and kr vs. σr values could enhance visual efficiency of genotype selection based on genotype by environment interaction. Furthermore, high TOP values, S i (3) and S i (6) were associated with high grain yield, but the other nonparametric stability measures were not positively correlated with grain yield and instead characterized a static concept of stability. Choice of genotype for increased grain yield in bread wheat would, therefore, be expected to change yield stability by increasing the values of the S i (3) , S i (6) and TOP nonparametric stability statistics.
We develop a brand choice model with learning based on the Kalman filter methodology. The model enables us to separate the effects of contemporaneous marketing promotions from the impact of the perceived quality valuation accrued through product usage over time. We also account for idiosyncratic consumer learning and preferences. The results point to the presence of heterogeneity in the valuation carryover coefficients across consumers and brands. In contrast to our expectations, a higher price is not important for most of the consumers in the sample. The model enables us to compare brands in terms of their memorability, which determines brand salience on the next purchase occasion. Our findings suggest that price promotions may be deficient as a tool to increase market share in the studied product category. The proposed model is applicable to other consumer goods contingent on consumers' being sufficiently motivated to learn their own preferences via personal experience. Brand managers can use the model for comparative diagnostics and market performance simulation under different price and promotion scenarios. This paper is instructive to the application of a relatively new methodology; we illustrate the analytical potential of the model by demonstrating its inferential power in a specific marketing context.brand choice, buyer behavior, consumer learning, hierarchical Bayes analysis
RESUMENTaninos, contenido proteico y composición de áci-dos grasos de semillas de algunas especies de Vicia L. de Turquía.Las semillas oleaginosas de seis especies de Vicia (Leguninoas) fueron investigadas por su proteína, contenido en taninos y composición en ácidos grasos. El contenido de proteína en las semillas vario entre un 21.87%-31.33%. El contenido de taninos en las semillas vario entre un 0.13%-1.07%. La composición de ácidos grasos de estas seis diferentes especies fue determinada por GC mediante los esteres metílicos de sus ácidos grasos. Las semillas oleaginosas de las especies de Vicia contienen ácidos palmítico y esteárico como componentes mayoritarios entre los ácidos grasos saturados, con pequeñas cantidades de ácido mirísti-co, ácido palmitoleico y ácido margárico. Los ácidos grasos insaturados mayoritarios encontrados en las semillas oleaginosas fueron el ácido oleico, ácido linoleico y ácido linoléni-co. En este estudio, el contenido total de ácidos grasos saturado de las especies de Vicia vario entre 18.5 y 22.4% mientras que el de insaturados vario entre 71.1 y 80.3%. The seedoils of six Vicia species (Leguminosae) were investigated for their protein, tannin contents and fatty acid compositions. The protein contents of the seeds were found to be between 21.87%-31.33%. The tannin contents of the seeds were found to be between 0.13%-1.07%. The fatty acid compositions of these six different species were determined by the GC of the methyl esters of their fatty acids. The oilseeds of Vicia species contain palmitic and stearic acids as the major component of their fatty acids, among the saturated acids, with small amounts of myristic, palmitoleic and margaric acids. The major unsaturated fatty acids found in the oilseeds were oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids. In this study, the total saturated fatty acids of Vicia species were between 18.5 and 22.4% while the total unsaturated fatty acids were between 71.1 and 80.3%.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Ácidos grasos -Especies de
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