GT Biplot Analysis for Silage Potential, Nutritive Value, Gas and Methane Production of Stay-Green Grain Sorghum Shoots

Abstract

M. Kaplan, M. Arslan, H. Kale, K. Kara, and K. Kokten. 2017. GT Biplot Analysis for Silage Potential, Nutritive Value, Gas and Methane Production of Stay-Green Grain Sorghum Shoots. Cien. Inv. Agr. 44(3): 230-238. This study was conducted to investigate the possible silage of stay-green sorghum genotypes using GT biplot analysis. Following the grain harvest, 41 sorghum genotypes were chopped to make silage. Biochemical analyses were performed after 60 d of silage. The results revealed that green herbage yields varied between 13.40-65.96 t ha -1 , pH between 3.92-4.25, dry matter ratios between 24.26-35.83%, crude protein ratios between 3.44-7.03%, acid detergent fiber (ADF) ratios between 27.46-52.01%, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) ratios between 40.80-69.12%, crude ash ratios between 5.89-15.14%, lactic acid contents between 1.657-4.914%, and propionic acid contents between 0.000-0.247%. Methane production values varied between 14.15-21.80%, gas production between 18.51-47.36 mL, metabolic energy (ME) between 6.68-11.67 MJ kg -1 DM, and organic matter digestibility (OMD) between 47.20-89.93%. According to GT biplot analysis, there were positive correlations among ADF, NDF and DM; among methane, ME, OMD and gas-methane production; and among acetic, butyric and propionic acids, pH, ash and protein contents. There were negative correlations among gas production, ADF, and NDF and among herbage yield, crude protein, organic acids, pH and crude ash. Among the genotypes, Sugargraze was prominent with herbage yield, while genotypes G4 and G3 were prominent with crude protein. Considering all parameters, genotype G20 seemed to be the ideal genotype. Although some silage samples had low silage and nutritional characteristics, others yielded values close to or even higher than full sorghum silage. These varieties can constitute a quality roughage source for livestock in winter. Further breeding research on stay-green genotypes may provide significant contributions to plant and livestock production activities.

Yield and nutritional value of sorghum genotype silages using Azospirillum brasilense in the northern region of the state of Minas Gerais

“…According to Araújo et al (2012), who obtained contents of 28.8 to 34.5% dry matter in silages of six sorghum genotypes, which are values considered adequate for better compaction and silage preservation. Kaplan et al (2017), with 41 sorghum genotypes, found crude protein content between 3.44 and 7.03%. Neumann et al (2019), analyzed chemical aspects of corn silages, evaluating nitrogen doses, and reported NDF ranging from 58.65 to 62.98%.…”

Silos Experimentais E a Composição Bromatológica De Silagem De Milho E Sorgo

“…Estes valores foram similares aos relatados por Tavares et al (2019), que, avaliando silagem de milho com dois períodos de corte encontraram valor ente 8,9 a 9,6 % de PB. Valores semelhantes também foram observados por Kaplan et al (2017), avaliando 41 genótipos de sorgo encontrando valores entre 3,44 a 7,03% de PB.…”

Yield potential and selection of off-season maize for silage and grain using GT Biplot under limited water and frost

“…Plant breeders look for genotypes closest to the ideal, which can be visualized with the nearest representation by the arrow in the center of the concentric circles (Kaplan et al 2017;Yan and Frégeau-Reid 2018) on the "Ranking Genotypes" graph (Figure 3A). Hence, the 1P2224 is the genotype closest to the ideal.…”

“…An ideal variable should discriminate genotypes and represent other characteristics. In the "Discriminant vs. Representative" graph (Figure 3B), the ability to discriminate the genotype is visualized with the vector size, in which the larger the vector, the more discriminating the characteristic (Yan et al 2007;Kaplan et al 2017). The most representative variables form smaller angles with the line presenting the circle formed with the arrow, that is, with the medium (Yan and Tinker 2006).…”