RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a utilização do hidrolisado proteico de resíduo de sardinha como atrativo na alimentação do Rhamdia quelen. No experimento 1, foram utilizados os seguintes atrativos alimentares: 1. extrato aquoso de músculo de tilápia-do-Nilo (controle positivo); 2. hidrolisado proteico de resíduo de sardinha com baixo grau de hidrólise (GH); 3. hidrolisado proteico de resíduo de sardinha com alto GH; 4. hidrolisado proteico de resíduo de sardinha com alto GH diluído (10% da concentração) e 5. controle usando somente água destilada. Após jejum de 48 horas, o comportamento foi registrado em vídeo por um período basal de dois minutos e por mais 18 minutos após a inoculação do atrativo. O delineamento foi inteiramente ao acaso, com três tratamentos e 20 repetições. O experimento 2 foi realizado para avaliar a capacidade do hidrolisado proteico de estimular a ingestão de alimento em juvenis de jundiá. Para isso, foram confeccionados pellets de ágar contendo ou não hidrolisado proteico de resíduo de sardinha. Os peixes foram avaliados individualmente e tiveram um período de adaptação de sete dias. Os resultados foram analisados por meio do teste de proporção de Goodman (1964). A inoculação dos hidrolisados com alto e baixo GH aumentou o tempo de movimentação dos barbilhões. O hidrolisado com alto GH diluído proporcionou os mesmos resultados que o hidrolisado com baixo GH , mas as médias não diferiram das obtidas para a água destilada (controle negativo) e do extrato de músculo. O incremento na movimentação de um lado para outro do aquário foi maior (P<0,05) para os hidrolisados com alto e baixo GH. No experimento 2, a proporção de peixes que ingeriu os pellets contendo hidrolisado proteico de resíduo de sardinha com alto GH foi maior (P<0,05) em relação aos que ingeriram os pellets contendo água destilada. O hidrolisado proteico foi eficiente para estimular o comportamento associado à alimentação em juvenis de Rhamdia quelen.
From the advancement of tilapia production in recent years, diets are sought that allow the maximum growth, improving health and fish quality. In this study growth, biochemical, hematological and oxidative parameters were evaluated of tilapia fed with increasing selenium levels: 0.53, 0.86, 1.04 and 1.22 mg kg-1. It was used 400 juveniles (initial weight = 36.51 ± 10.88 g), fed for six weeks. There was no effect of selenium on fish growth, biochemical and hematological parameters. In the oxidative parameters, there was an increase in non-protein thiols and a decrease in malondialdehyde levels, evidencing antioxidant effects of selenium. The diet selenium levels above 0.86 mg kg-1 improved the antioxidant system and does not affect to biochemical, hematological and growth parameters of tilapia juveniles.
Sardinella sp. protein hydrolyzate in the feed of Rhandia quelen 957 Lat. Am. J. Aquat. Res., 44(5): 957-966, 2016 "Pathways for sustainable industrial fisheries in southeastern and southern Brazil" P.M. Arana, P.R. Pezzuto, A.O. Ávila-da-Silva, D. Queirolo, J.A.A. Perez & C.A. Arfelli (eds.).
Research ArticleEffect of diets containing different types of sardine waste (Sardinella sp.) protein hydrolysate on the performance and intestinal morphometry of silver catfish juveniles (Rhamdia quelen) ABSTRACT. In this study two fractions of muscle hydrolysate were tested, soluble and insoluble (FSM and FIM), they were assessed individually and combined with each other (FSM+FIM). Also, two fractions of hydrolyzed viscera: soluble of natural and industrialized viscera (FSVN and FSVI) were tested on the performance and on the intestinal morphology of juvenile catfish (Rhamdia quelen). The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and five replicates. Juveniles were kept in aquariums with density of eight fish per tank and were cultured for 56 days. The results were analyzed using parametric variance analysis (ANOVA) and subjected to the Duncan test (5% significance level). The best results on final weight, weight gain, feed conversion rate, and protein efficiency ratio were obtained with the diet containing FSM+FIM, and the diet containing the FSVI. The latter was also the most consumed by the animals. The diet containing FIM was the one that provided the worst consumption results. The worst feed conversion rate was obtained for the diet containing FSM. Survival and body composition did not differ between treatments. The separation of the soluble and insoluble fractions is not necessary or even recommended when the goal is to use the muscle hydrolysate as the ingredient in feed for silver catfish juveniles. The best performance results obtained were with the combination of soluble and insoluble fractions of muscle hydrolysate, and with the industrial viscera soluble hydrolysate. The degree of hydrolysis has a direct effect on feed consumption. Keywords: Rhamdia quelen, enzymatic hydrolysis, fish waste, animal feed, aquaculture. . El diseño experimental fue completamente aleatorio con cinco tratamientos y cinco réplicas. Los juveniles se mantuvieron en acuarios con una densidad de ocho peces por estanque y se cultivaron durante 56 días. Los resultados se analizaron mediante análisis de varianza paramétrico (ANOVA) y se sometieron a la prueba de Duncan (nivel de significación 5%). Los mejores resultados de peso final, ganancia de peso, conversión alimenticia, y la tasa de eficiencia proteica, se obtuvieron con la dieta que contenía FSM+FIM, y la dieta que contenía el FSVI. Esta última fue también la más consumida por los animales. La dieta que contiene el FIM fue la que proporcionó los peores resultados de consumo. Se obtuvo el peor índice de conversión alimentaria con la dieta que contiene el FSM. La supervivencia y la composición corporal no difirieron entre tratamientos. La separación de las ...
One of the current challenges of global fish farming is developing plant‐based proteins as a feasible substitute for fishmeal in the formulation of aquafeeds. Substitution levels of fishmeal with hydrolyzed soybean meal (HSM) in diets for silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) were evaluated for growth, protein metabolism and antioxidant activity. The experiment was carried out in a recirculation system of 20 tanks of 250 L. A total of 300 silver catfish juveniles were used to compose five treatments and four replicates per treatment. Levels of soybean hydrolysate (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) were tested in diets (39% protein and 3,500 Kcal) for 60 days. Silver catfish growth was higher at all inclusion levels of HSM when compared to the control diet. No change was shown for body protein deposition. The production of nitrogenous compounds in the liver and muscle was also unaffected by any of the diets. The diet containing 20% HSM promoted an increase in the amounts of non‐protein thiols in the gills and brain. The HSM substitution levels of up to 20% of fishmeal in the diet increases growth and contributes to silver catfish antioxidant activity.
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