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The teleost fish Leporinus obtusidens (piava) was exposed to different concentrations of Roundup, a commercial herbicide formulation containing glyphosate (0, 1, or 5 mg L(-1)), for 90 days. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was verified in brain and muscle. Hepatic and muscular metabolic parameters as well as some hematological parameters were determined. The results showed that brain AChE activity was significantly decreased in fish exposed to 5 mg L(-1) Roundup, whereas muscular AChE activity was not altered. Both Roundup concentrations significantly decreased liver glycogen without altering the muscle glycogen content. Hepatic glucose levels were reduced only in fish exposed to 5 mg L(-1) Roundup. Lactate levels in the liver and muscle significantly increased in fish exposed to both Roundup concentrations. Hepatic protein content remained constant at 1 mg L(-1) but increased at 5 mg L(-1) Roundup. In the muscle however, protein content decreased with increasing exposure concentration. The herbicide exposure produced a decrease in hematological parameters at both concentrations tested. The majority of observed effects occur at environmental relevant concentrations, and in summary, the results show that Roundup affects brain AChE activity as well as metabolic and hematologic parameters of piavas. Thus, we can suggest that long-term exposure to Roundup causes metabolic disruption in Leporinus obtusidens.

AND AND sensory scores in both groups; these could be used to assess the freshness quality of grass carp. sensory scores in both groups; these could be used to assess the freshness quality of grass carp. sensory scores in both groups; these could be used to assess the freshness quality of grass carp. sensory scores in both groups; these could be used to assess the freshness quality of grass carp.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o crescimento e a composição de filés de juvenis de jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) alimentados com diferentes fontes protéicas, durante 60 dias.Utilizaram-se 540 peixes (peso médio inicial=15,00±0,62g, comprimento total inicial=11,98±0,35cm)

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Digestive enzymes activity influence feed utilization by fish, and its understanding is important to optimize diet formulation. This study reports the digestive enzyme activities of jundiá juveniles fed diets with protein sources. Fish were fed six experimental diets for 90 days: MBY (meat and bone meal + sugar cane yeast), SY (soybean meal + sugar cane yeast), S (soybean meal), MBS (meat and bone meal + soybean meal), FY (fish meal + sugar cane yeast) and FS (fish meal + soybean meal), and then sampled every 30 days and assayed in two intestine sections for digestive enzymes -trypsin, chymotrypsin and amylase -activities; gastric protease was assayed in the stomach. Digestive and hepatosomatic index, intestinal quotient, digestive tract length and weight gain were also measured. Trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were higher (p < 0.0001) in fish fed diets containing animal protein sources (MBY, MBS, FY and FS diets). Alkaline proteases were negatively affected by dietary soybean meal in the SY and S diets. Amylase activity had greater variation between diets and intestine sections. Fish fed MBY and MBS diets showed higher gastric protease activity (p < 0.0001). Weight gains were higher in fish fed the MBS and FS diets (p < 0.05). Highest values (p < 0.05) of digestive tract length were observed in fish fed MBS and FY diets, but no correlation with enzymes activities was found. Hepatosomatic index (HSI) was affected by diet composition. Dietary composition influenced digestive enzymes activities of jundiá. Key words: digestion, nutrition, soybean meal, meat and bone meal, fish mealFontes protéicas e atividade de enzimas digestivas em jundiás (Rhamdia quelen) RESUMO: As enzimas digestivas influenciam a utilização dos alimentos em peixes, e seu conhecimento é importante para otimizar a formulação de dietas. Este trabalho descreve a atividade de enzimas digestivas em juvenis de jundiá alimentados com fontes protéicas. Os peixes foram alimentados com seis dietas (90 dias): MBY (farinha de carne e ossos + levedura de cana), SY (farelo de soja + levedura de cana), S (farelo de soja), MBS (farinha de carne e ossos + farelo de soja), FY (farinha de peixe + levedura de cana) e FS (farinha de peixe + farelo de soja). A cada 30 dias, foram analisadas as enzimas digestivas (tripsina, quimiotripsina e amilase) no intestino. No estômago, foi mensurada a protease ácida. Foram estimados os índices digestivo e hepato-somático, quociente intestinal, comprimento do trato digestório e ganho em peso.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das aflatoxinas sobre o crescimento de alevinos de jundiá (Rhamdia quelen), e sua deposição no fígado e na carcaça de peixes alimentados com ração com diferentes teores da micotoxina. Foram utilizados 960 alevinos, em dois experimentos, o primeiro com duração de 45 dias e o segundo com 35 dias. As instalações experimentais foram compostas por um sistema termorregulado de recirculação de água. No primeiro experimento, foram avaliados os teores de 41, 90 e 204 ppb de aflatoxinas kg-1 de alimento e no segundo experimento, 350, 757 e 1.177 ppb de aflatoxinas kg-1 de alimento. Foram estimados os seguintes parâmetros: peso médio, comprimento total e padrão, rendimento de carcaça, fator de condição, ganho diário, sobrevivência e deposição de aflatoxinas no fígado e na carcaça. Observou-se, no primeiro experimento, diminuição do peso e comprimento dos peixes alimentados com 204 ppb aflatoxinas kg-1. No segundo experimento, não ocorreu diferença significativa nas variáveis analisadas. A partir de 350 ppb kg-1, ocorreram alterações no fígado e tecidos, sem comprometer o crescimento, durante os 35 dias.

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