-The objective of this research was to evaluate the quality of eggs from Dekalb White hens under different temperatures (room temperature, 25 ºC; and refrigeration, 8 ºC), storage times (7, 14 and 21 days), age of birds (35, 40, 45 and 50 weeks) and housing densities (625, 500, 416.6 and 357.14 cm 2 /birds). Haugh unit (HU) values and albumen height of 1,120 eggs from 528 laying hens, randomly allocated to four groups with different population densities were evaluated. The results showed a significant effect on Haugh units, between the time and storage conditions and between the ages of laying hens and storage condition. Eggs stored in refrigeration showed less weight loss and better Haugh unit indices when compared with eggs stored at room temperature. The increased time of storage, regardless of the temperature, caused loss in their quality. According to the results of this study, based on the evaluation of the albumen height, temperature, storage time, density and age of the layers influence the values of Haugh unit.

PURPOSE:To evaluate the effects of copaiba oil ointment (Copaifera langsdorffii) on dorsal skin flaps in rats. METHODS:Adult male rats (n=30) were distributed into three groups of ten animals each, as follows: GC -control; GCA -absolute control and GT -treated with copaiba ointment. The rats were subjected to dorsal cutaneous skin flap surgery and the animals from the GC and GT received post-operative treatment for eight consecutive days. The animals from the GCA group did not receive treatment while the animals from the GC group received daily topical treatment of ointment without the active ingredient and the animals from the GT group were daily treated with 10% copaiba oil ointment. At the end of each experimental period the lesions were evaluated according to the percentage of necrotic area. Then, fragments from cranial, median and caudal parts were fixed in Boüin's solution and processed for paraffin embedding. The morphology of histological sections (5μm) was evaluated and the number of leucocytes, fibroblasts and blood vessels was also analyzed. The data obtained were submitted to ANOVA test complemented by Tukey-Kramer test (p<0.05). RESULTS: The necrotic area was lower in the group treated with copaiba ointment when compared to the control groups (GCA>GC and GT), while the morphology showed larger granulation tissue with bulky fibroblasts and collagen fibers more arranged in the GT group. The morphometry showed a significant higher number of blood vessels in the median and caudal parts (GT>GCA and GC), leucocytes in the cranial part (GT>GC>GCA), and also fibroblasts in the median (GT and GC> GCA) and caudal parts (GT>GC and GCA) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION:The copaiba oil ointment favors angiogenesis and accelerates the viability of random skin flaps in rats.

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar morfometricamente a neoangiogênese de retalhos cutâneos subdérmicos em ratos tratados com óleo de copaíba (Copaifera langsdorffi i) em pomada a 10%. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, composto por três recursos farmacológicos. Foram utilizadas dez repetições para cada recurso, e cada animal foi considerado uma unidade experimental. Trinta ratos Wistar foram submetidos à elevação do retalho cutâneo dorsal subdérmico e distribuídos em três grupos: grupo controle absoluto, no qual os animais não receberam nenhum tratamento; grupo controle, no qual os animais receberam tratamento tópico diário com pomada com apenas veículo (glicerina e vaselina); e grupo tratado, no qual os animais foram tratados diariamente com óleo de copaíba em pomada a 10%. Os ratos foram tratados e observados por oito dias após o ato operatório. No oitavo dia de pós-operatório, realizou-se a análise macroscópica do retalho e foram coletados fragmentos das porções cranial, média e caudal do retalho cutâneo para análise histopatológica. A análise morfométrica mostrou diferença signifi cativa para o número de novos vasos sanguíneos nas partes média e caudal do retalho cutâneo no grupo tratado. O óleo de copaíba mostra-se efi ciente no aumento da neoangiogênese em retalhos cutâneos subdérmicos de ratos.Termos para indexação: Copaifera langsdorffi i, isquemia, neovascularização. Neoangiogenesis of skin fl aps in rats treated with copaiba oilAbstract -The aim of this work was to evaluate morphometric aspects of subdermic skin fl ap neoangiogenesis in rats treated with a 10% copaiba (Copaifera langsdorffi i) oil ointment. The experiment design was a completely randomized, with three pharmacological resources. Ten replicates were used for each resource, and each animal was considered one experimental unit. Thirty Wistar rats were submitted to subdermic dorsal skin fl ap elevation and distributed into three groups: absolute control group, in which the animals did not receive any treatment; control group, in which the animals received topical treatment only with vehicle (glycerin and petroleum jelly), and treated group, in which the animals were treated daily with a 10% copaiba oil ointment. The rats were treated and observed for eight days after surgery. On the eighth day, the skin fl ap underwent a macroscopic analysis and fragments were collected from its cranial, medial and caudal portions for histopathological analysis. The morphometric analysis showed signifi cant difference for proliferation of newly formed vessels in the middle and caudal portions of the skin fl ap in the treated group. Copaiba oil showed effi ciency in the increase of neoangiogenesis of subdermic skin fl aps in rats.

PURPOSE:To evaluate wound contraction and the concentration of mast cells in skin wounds treated with 5% BPT essential oil-based ointment in rats. METHODS:Twenty rats, male, of adult age, were submitted to skin surgery on the right (RA) and left antimeres (LA) of the thoracic region. They were divided into two groups: control (RA -wounds receiving daily topical application of vaseline and lanolin) and treated (LA -wounds treated daily with the topical ointment). The skin region with wounds were collected at days 4, 7, 14 and 21 after surgery.Those were fixed in 10% formaldehyde and later processed for paraffin embedding. Sections were obtained and stained by H.E for histopathology analysis. The degree of epithelial contraction was measured and mast cell concentration were also evaluated. RESULTS:The treated group showed higher mast cell concentrations (p<0.05) associated with increased contraction at day 7 and 14 respectively. CONCLUSION:Ointment containing 5% Brazilian pepper tree oil increases mast cell concentration and promotes skin wound contraction in rats.

Objetivo: descrever achados relatados na literatura de alterações sensoriais da função auditiva, olfativa e gustativa presentes em pacientes com Covid-19. Revisão Bibliográfica: Registros científicos têm apresentado alterações neurológicas em pacientes com Covid-19. Os distúrbios olfativos e gustativos têm sido prevalentes entre eles, afirmando que a súbita anosmia ou ageusia precisam ser reconhecidas pela comunidade científica como sintomas importantes para o rastreio da infecção. Quanto à função auditiva, sintomas primários como perda auditiva neurossensorial, além de alterações significativas de limiares de tons puros de alta frequência e amplitudes das emissões otoacústicas evocadas transientes foram identificados em pacientes com teste positivo para a Covid-19. Os estudos relatam que apesar de complicações audiológicas pelo novo coronavírus ser pouco mencionadas na literatura, estudos mais aprofundados sobre essas possíveis manifestações clínicas na Covid-19 é de extrema relevância afim auxiliar no diagnóstico precoce da doença. Considerações finais: Diante do exposto, podemos considerar que os sintomas auditivos, bem como de anosmia e ageusia podem se apresentar como a única manifestação da infecção pelo novo coronavírus sendo importante a investigação desses sintomas além do conhecimento a partir de novas pesquisas sobre os mecanismos patogênicos que levam ao envolvimento dessas afecções.

A Ivermectina, princípio farmacológico de um medicamento de uso veterinário possui efeito antiparasitário contra endo e ectoparasitos, é amplamente utilizada na prática veterinária. Esta droga é biotransformada no fígado, resultando em 3 metabólitos, sendo o mais importante o 24-hidroxi-metil-diidroavermectina B1. O fígado é essencial na regulação do metabolismo, na síntese de certas proteínas, servindo como local de armazenagem para certas vitaminas e ferro, degradando certos hormônios e inativando e excretando certos medicamentos e toxinas. Portanto, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a morfologia dos fígados de ratas prenhes tratadas com ivermectina. Para tanto foram utilizadas 30 ratas albinas, as quais foram divididas em 3 grupos de 10 animais. Os animais foram colocados para acasalar e após a detecção da prenhez, presença de espermatozóides no esfregaço vaginal realizado na manhã do dia seguinte, sendo assim designado o primeiro dia de gestação, cada animal foi tratado com ivermectina, na dose correspondente a cada grupo durante 18 dias, com administração a cada 3 (três) dias, totalizando 6 administrações. Após esse período o fígado foi coletado, pesado em balança analítica e processado para microscopia de luz. A análise do peso relativo dos fígados das ratas prenhes e não prenhes não revelou diferença significativa entre os grupos experimentais, onde o tratamento com ivermectina nas doses de 4,0 e 8,0 mg/kg não alterou a massa relativa do fígado, nem apresentou alterações na cor, textura, consistência e hemorragias. Com relação ao estudo através da microscopia de luz, não foram observadas alterações histopatológicas.

Swainsonine-containing plants comprise a group of important poisonous plants in Brazil. This research aimed to characterize both the behavioral changes related to reproduction and appearance of lesions in the reproductive system of bucks poisoned by Ipomoea brasiliana. I. brasiliana plants were collected and administered at a dose of 4g/kg (800µg swainsonine/kg) to two groups of bucks for 45 days. Goats from Group I were euthanized on the 46th day of the experiment, and goats from Group II were euthanized on the 120th day. Group III was composed of goats that did not receive I. brasiliana and were euthanized on the 120th day of the experiment. Reproductive behavioral changes were observed starting on day 20 and were characterized by an absence of courtship behavior, and Flehmen reflex, decrease or loss of libido and inability to perform mating. After 120 days, Group II goats showed no regression of the changes in their reproductive behavior or improvement of their seminal parameters. The main defects observed in the sperm of goats that consumed I. brasiliana were cytoplasmatic droplets, bent tails and detached tails. The main histopathological findings were reported in tests, with cytoplasmic vacuolization of germline and Sertoli cells, generalized impairment of spermatogonia maturation with exfoliation of degenerative cells, cell fragments, rare abnormal spermatocytes in the seminiferous lumen and disappearance of Leydig cells. Results of this study confirmed the hypothesis that I. brasiliana causes testicular degeneration in male goats.

Metabolismo do ácido fólico e suas ações na embriogênese Folic acid metabolism and its actions in embryogenesis