Florid OD, OF, and FD were the most common diagnoses, and the clinicopathologic and radiologic features were somewhat distinct from the characteristics of other populations.

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Immunohistochemical staining detected higher number of mast cells than histochemistry. The higher number of mast cells observed in inflamed lesions could indicate the participation of these cells in the inflammatory response in odontogenic lesions. The prevalence of degranulated mast cells in the deep region suggests intense activity of these cells, possibly related to growth of cystic lesions.

Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a dynamic process of bone modeling involving osteoclast-driven resorption on the compression side. Consequently, to estimate the influence of various situations on tooth movement, experimental studies need to analyze this cell. Objectives The aim of this study was to test and validate a new method for evaluating osteoclastic activity stimulated by mechanical loading based on the fractal analysis of the periodontal ligament (PDL)-bone interface.Material and Methods The mandibular right first molars of 14 rabbits were tipped mesially by a coil spring exerting a constant force of 85 cN. To evaluate the actual influence of osteoclasts on fractal dimension of bone surface, alendronate (3 mg/Kg) was injected weekly in seven of those rabbits. After 21 days, the animals were killed and their jaws were processed for histological evaluation. Osteoclast counts and fractal analysis (by the box counting method) of the PDL-bone interface were performed in histological sections of the right and left sides of the mandible.Results An increase in the number of osteoclasts and in fractal dimension after OTM only happened when alendronate was not administered. Strong correlation was found between the number of osteoclasts and fractal dimension.Conclusions Our results suggest that osteoclastic activity leads to an increase in bone surface irregularity, which can be quantified by its fractal dimension. This makes fractal analysis by the box counting method a potential tool for the assessment of osteoclastic activity on bone surfaces in microscopic examination.

AbstrAct:Prevalence of oral and maxillofacial diseases is highly variable depending on the region, country and source of the data. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral and maxillofacial diseases diagnosed in an Oral Medicine service during a 7-year period. All clinical charts from patients attending the service in the period were reviewed to retrieve demographic and clinical data; diagnosis were classified in groups, distributed in absolute and relative values and analyzed with respect to their frequency. A total of 1075 clinical charts were reviewed and females represented 60% of the sample. Mean age of the patients was 41 years (ranging from 1 month to 94 years old) and most patients were in their fourties to fifties. A total of 1444 oral diseases were diagnosed and the most prevalent groups were soft-tissue tumors (184 cases, 12.7%), developmental defects (161, 11.2%) and epithelial diseases (127, 8.8%). Individually, the most frequent diseases included fibrous hyperplasias (120 cases, 8.3%), candidosis (77, 5.3%), periradicular inflammatory lesions (72, 5.0%) and potentially malignant disorders (52, 3.6%). Oral carcinomas represented 2.5% of the sample (36 cases). The present results reflect the frequency of oral diseases diagnosed in a specialized service in southeastern Brazil and will allow the establishment of preventive strategies and the adequacy of the clinical services offered to the target population.

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This case highlights the relevance of cementoblastoma to dentists and maxillofacial surgeons, since this condition may mimic other intra-osseous maxillary lesions and require patient-specific treatment.