Due to recent advances in genetic manipulation, transgenic mosquitoes may be a viable alternative to reduce some diseases. Feasibility conditions are obtained by simulating and analyzing mathematical models that describe the behavior of wild and transgenic populations living in the same geographic area. In this paper, we present a reaction–diffusion model in which the reaction term is a nonlinear function that describes the interaction between wild and transgenic mosquitoes, considering the zygosity, and the diffusive term that represents a nonuniform spatial spreading characterized by a random diffusion parameter. The resulting nonlinear system of partial differential equations is numerically solved using the sequential operator splitting technique, combining the finite element method and Runge-Kutta method. This scheme is numerically implemented considering uncertainty in the diffusion parameters of the model. Several scenarios simulating spatial release strategies of transgenic mosquitoes are analyzed, demonstrating an intrinsic association between the transgene frequency in the total population and the strategy adopted.
This study aimed to characterize the harvest phenological stages of soybean cultivars intended for silage. Cultivars were evaluated for dry weight of the composite sample, branches, leaves and pods; wet mass of branches, leaves, pods and ground natural matter. This experiment was a 3 x 2 factorial randomized block design, with four replications each, where the first factor corresponds to the harvest stage: R4, R5 and R6; and the second factor refers to two soybean maturity groups (8.0 and 8.1). A significant interaction was detected only for ground natural matter. Higher values of most traits evaluated were observed for the R6 harvest phenological stage. The cultivar with maturity group 8.0 showed higher values for ground natural matter.
RESUMO Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar parâmetros de comportamento ingestivo de vacas primíparas das raças Guzerá e Sindi recebendo dietas com diferentes níveis de inclusão T1 (0,0 canade-açúcar + 0,0% ureia), T2 (13,0% cana-de-açúcar + 0,6% ureia), T3 (26,2% cana-de-açúcar + 1,2% ureia) e T4 (39,4% cana-de-açúcar + 1,8% ureia) ABSTRACT This study aims to evaluate the ingestive behavior parameters of primiparous cows Sindi and Guzerá breeds under diet of different levels of urea inclusion replacing the soybean bran and the sugar cane replacing the elephant grass. It has been used eight primiparous cows, being four Guzerá breed and four Sindi lactating, distributed into two (g FDN h -1 ).
Resumo. Devido aos progressos recentes na manipulação genética, mosquitos transgênicos já podem ser uma alternativa viável para se controlar algumas doenças. Este trabalho apresenta um modelo de reação-difusão que descreve o comportamento de populações de mosquitos selvagens e transgênicos convivendo em uma mesmaárea geográfica, levando em conta a sua zigosidade. Condições de viabilidade são obtidas pela simulação e análise do modelo, resolvido numericamente combinando o método de Runge-Kutta implícito e o método dos elementos finitos, através da técnica de decomposição de operadores sequencial.Palavras-chave. Modelo Matemático, Mosquitos Transgênicos, Sistemas de Reação-Difusão, Decomposição de Operadores.
RESUMO -O A. aegypti é uma espécie presente no ambiente domiciliar e ela é altamente antropofílica sendo a mais competente para a transmissão da dengue. Uma das maneiras para prevenir as arboviroses que são transmitidas pelo A. aegypti é evitar o nascimento do mosquito, essa estratégia visa o controle vetorial que é baseada no uso de inseticidas que são substâncias de origem natural ou sintética utilizadas para diminuir a incidência de insetos em diferentes fases do seu ciclo de vida. Diversos óleos essenciais apresentam atividade inseticida, incluindo atividade larvicida contra larvas do mosquito A. aegypti. O fungo entomopatogênico Metarhizium anisopliae tem sido considerado potencial no controle desse vetor. Estudos demonstraram o efeito patogênico e virulento de isolados de M. anisopliae sobre o mosquito adulto do A. aegypti, bem como a obtenção de 90% de mortalidade em larvas utilizando M. anisopliae. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a suscetibilidade das larvas de A. aegypti à formulação do fungo M. anisopliae combinado com óleos essenciais de Commiphora leptophloes e Eugenia brejoensis. Os resultados desse trabalho se mostraram de altíssima importância tendo em vista a melhoria do processo biotecnológico no controle das larvas do vetor de Aedes aegypti. O efeito sinérgico do entomopatogêno, mais o óleo essencial, aumentou de 30% à 50 % a mortalidade das larvas, potencializando assim o seu efeito tóxico. Palavras Chaves: Arboviroses, Commiphora leptophloes e Eugenia brejoensis.ABSTRACT -The A. aegypti is a species present in the home environment and it is highly anthropophilic being the most competent for the transmission of dengue. One of the ways to prevent the arboviruses that are transmitted by A. aegypti is to avoid the birth of the mosquito, this strategy aims vector control that is based on the use of insecticides that are substances of natural or synthetic origin that is used to reduce the incidence of insects at different stages of their life cycle. Several essential oils have insecticidal activity, including larvicidal activity against A. aegypti mosquito larvae. The entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae has been considered a potential in the control of this vector. Studies have shown the pathogenic and virulent effect of M. anisopliae isolates on the adult mosquito A. aegypti, as well as obtaining 90% mortality in larvae using M. anisopliae. The present work aims to evaluate the susceptibility of A. aegypti larvae to the
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