Background: Fallopian tube is a common specimen in the laboratory. It is affected by a wide spectrum of diseases but there are only occasional studies, documenting histological changes in the fallopian tube removed for all reasons. Aims and objectives:To study the gross and microscopic features of the excised fallopian tubes and to study the common and unusual lesions in them. To find the incidences of tumour and the tumour like lesions of the fallopian tube. Materials and Methods: A sample size of 200 cases was included in this study which consisted of all the specimens of fallopian tubes of all age groups obtained by salpingectomy, tubal ligation, salpingooophorectomy or along with hysterectomy. All the specimens were processed by routine histopathological techniques. Histopathological features were studied on hematoxylin and eosin stained sections. Results: In our study, majority of the cases belonged to age group of less than or equal to 30 years. Total number of 372 fallopian tubes were received from 200 patients. Out of the 372 fallopian tube specimens, 248 (66.67%) were normal whereas 124 (33.33%) fallopian tubes were abnormal. Of the 124 abnormal fallopian tube specimens, majority were diagnosed to have non neoplastic lesions that is 119 (95.97%) fallopian tubes, and 5 (4.03%) were diagnosed to have neoplastic lesions. The most common histopathological finding observed were inflammatory conditions seen in 47 (12.63%) of the fallopian tubes seen most commonly in the age group of less than or equal to 30 years. Conclusion: The present study describes the broad spectrum of lesions in fallopian tube and their incidence with respect to age group. Majority of the lesions were non neoplastic comprising predominantly of inflammatory lesions, seen most commonly in younger age group. Neoplastic lesions of the fallopian tube were rare.

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Background: The spectrum of bone lesions include inflammatory, neoplastic, degenerative and metabolic diseases. Histopathology is a confirmatory evidence for bone lesions and helps arrive at a diagnosis and plan further prognosis and management. A proper execution from technique (radioguided or surgical), choice of sections from the lesion and proper management of specimen is the requirement for accuracy of diagnosis and further management. Aims and objectives: To analyse the histo-pathological spectrum of bone lesions and co relating it with demographic details and radiological findings. Results: 100 bone biopsies received in the Department of Pathology between September 2015 to September 2017. They were routinely processed after decalcification. Out of 100 cases, 55 nonneoplastic lesions and 45 neoplastic lesions were reported. Around 10 cases were inconclusive due to inadequacy of biopsy sample. Osteochondroma was the most common benign lesion. Osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma were the most common malignant lesion, with equal incidence. Chronic osteomyelitis was the most common non neoplastic lesion. The lesions occurred most commonly below the age group of 20 years with a male preponderance. Femur was the most common bone involved and metaphysis was the most common anatomical site of lesion. Conclusion:A detailed histo-pathological interpretation of bone lesions, along with history, radiological and other relevant investigations are important for the patient's treatment and the further management including the follow up.

Pancreatic heterotopia is a rare, unusual finding where pancreatic tissues are found out of the normal anatomical location. Various studies have documented an incidence of 0.5 to 13% in autopsy. The reports on pancreatic heterotopia presence is rare, with an incidence estimated to be around 0.2% of all upper gastrointestinal surgeries. The heterotopic pancreas occurs frequnetly in the stomach, duodenum and proximal jejunum. Remote cases of  pancreatic heterotopia in Meckel's diverticulum is a rare finding. These heterotopias are  often clinically silent and are an  incidental findings  upon pathological examination or autopsy.

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an important diagnostic tool for swellings in the thyroid, salivary gland, breast lump and enlarged lymph nodes. Very few studies have been done to explore the potential of FNAC in the diagnoses of intraoral lesions. Hence the present study was done to find out the efficacy of FNAC in the diagnosis of intraoral lesions. AIMS/OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the diagnosis of intraoral lesions. MATERIALS & METHODS:A prospective study on 88 cases presented with intraoral lesions was done from August 2010 to July 2012. Cases of intraoral Cases having both FNACs along with biopsy correlation were included. OBSERVATIONS/RESULTS: The age group ranged from 12-83 years with male: female ratio of 1.6:1. The most common sites of aspiration were tongue in 28 cases, followed by buccal mucosa in 24 and other sites 42 cases. The lesions reported on FNAC were malignant tumors in 44(50%), benign lesions 39 (44.31%) and suspicious for malignancy 5(5.69%) cases. False negative and false positive were 6 and 2 cases respectively. Squamous cell carcinoma was the common malignant tumor. Overall sensitivity of 88%, specificity 95.6% and diagnostic accuracy of 91.6% was obtained in our study. CONCLUSION: We conclude that FNAC is one of the important diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of intraoral lesions. The results of our study suggest, it should be considered as first line of investigation, especially in clinically suspected malignant tumors.

Breast tissue reacts to estrogen and progesterone stimulation, not only during puberty, pregnancy and lactation, but during each menstrual cycle. As the menopausal period is approached and postmenopausal period evolves, progressive atrophy of the epithelial and connective tissue components of the breast occurs. The loose connective tissue becomes dense and hyalinized and finally, the lobule is converted into ordinary stroma which in the process of involution is replaced by fat. All patients undergoing core needle biopsy of breast were selected for the study. An informed consent will be taken for the procedure. Under local anesthesia using 14 G needle, ultrasound guided core needle biopsy will be performed by radiologist. The biopsy specimen will be sent to histopathology department in 10% formalin. The tissue will be processed, stained with haematoxylin and eosin and examined microscopically. In present study, the most common presenting complaint is breast lump comprising of 59 cases (98.3%). Out of 59 cases 31 cases (51.7%) had lump on left side, 28 cases (46.7%) had lump on right side.1 case had no lump (1%). In the present study 41 cases underwent mammogram, 24 cases (58.5%) showed BIRADS 5 scoring followed by BIRADS 4 in 12 cases (29.3%) and BIRADS 2 in 5 cases (12.2%).

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women both in the developed and developing world. In India, the age adjusted incidence of breast cancer in urban areas ranges between 20-30 per 1,00,000 population. Core needle biopsy (CNB) has been the first approach in cases of large lesions clearly malignant at mammogram. Therefore, CNB enables more definitive diagnosis than FNAC to differentiate benign and malignant tumors. A sample size of 60 cases are included in this study. The specimens sent to the department of pathology will be processed by routine histopathological techniques. Data is entered in SPSS and analyzed. Chi-square test is used to find sensitivity, specificity, NPV and PPV of core needle biopsy. Among benign lesions, mastitis comprising of 5 cases (11.5%). Among malignant cases IDC -NST was most common type comprising of 27 cases, 8 cases were inconclusive. Out of 60 cases 50 cases underwent mastectomy/lumpectomy, 7 were benign and 43 were malignant. All 50 cases were correlating with core needle biopsy diagnosis. 8 cases which were inconclusive in CNB underwent mastectomy/lumpectomy as BIRADS/FNAC were showing carcinoma features. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) are 86.6%, 100%, 86.6% and 100% respectively.

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