Abstract.A family is a primary institution in the society which has dynamic system, and it frequently proceeds especially when its members face a crisis situation. The family's efforts and success to rise from crisis situations are known as family resilience. The purpose of writing this article is to get better understanding about family resilience as a whole concept. This article is based on a review of literature and journals obtained from various sources. The investigation is conducted through the official websites of Google Scholar, PROQUEST, Research Gate, SAGE Publisher and Blackwell Publisher. The results of reviewing the literatures reveal that family resilience is a growing concept. As a concept, family resilience can be seen as trait (nature) and process. The trait review says that family resilience is strongly influenced by several protective factors as the primary key that a family can revive after experiencing adversity. The perspective of family resilience as a process explains that family resilience is built by the success of families using coping strategies to cope with the stressors in their lives. Meanwhile, the framework of family resilience is built through the theory of systems in the family which combines ecological and developmental perspectives. These perspectives are used to view family functions in relation to sociocultural contexts and multi-dimensional family life circles. The perspectives are then widely developed in researches on family resilience. Most studies show that there are many factors that drive a family to reach a post-crisis resilience condition. This factor is called a protection factor. Researches are also interested in revealing protection factor and risk factors that cause a family to continuously be in a crisis situation. Very limited researches that have been conducted in developing a cultural dimension are able to describe how a family achieves resilient conditions in a way that is distinctive or indigenous in accordance with the environmental conditions in which the family resides.
Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah menjelaskan bagaimana resiliensi keluarga dijelaskan sebagai sebuah konsep dan terapan pada penelitian maupun layanan psikologis kepada masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah mengumpulkan kepustakaan atau hasil bacaan sebagai sumber sekunder yang terdapat dalam artikel jurnal ilmiah. Data yang ada dalam setiap artikel kemudian di pilah sesuai dengan relevansinya dan dilakukan analisis terhadap konten untuk melihat kesesuaiannya. Hasil telaah literature adalah : (1) Sebagai sebuah konsep, resiliensi dipandang dari beberapa perspektif. Dalam pandangan tradisional, resiliensi keluarga merupakan jumlah dari ketahanan anggota keluarga. Sebuah perspektif kontemporer memandang resiliensi keluarga dengan memberikan penekanan pada sifat relasional dari keluarga sebagai sebuah unit; (2) Kerangka resiliensi keluarga sangat relevan dengan praktik klinis dan pemberian layanan sosial. Menurut definisinya, resiliensi melibatkan kekuatan di bawah tekanan akibat krisis dan kesulitan yang berkepanjangan. Berbeda dengan fokus praktik deficit model, pendekatan yang berorientasi pada resiliensi ini menarik keluar kekuatan dan potensi keluarga untuk menghadapi tantangan. Selain mengatasi masalah, resiliensi juga melibatkan transformasi dan pertumbuhan positif. Dalam membangun ketahanan relasional, keluarga membentuk ikatan yang lebih kuat dan menjadi lebih banyak solusi dalam menghadapi tantangan masa depan. Jadi, setiap intervensi memiliki manfaat pencegahan; (3) Penelitian tentang resiliensi keluarga menjadi sangat menarik. Peneliti didorong untuk mampu mengidentifikasi dan mendorong perilaku yang memungkinkan keluarga mengatasi secara efektif krisis, trauma dan tekanan yang dialami keluarga.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dinamika stress pasca perceraian dan strategi coping yang digunakan ibu tunggal yang bekerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah tiga orang. Ketiga partisipan menjadi ibu tunggal akibat bercerai dengan suami dan memiliki hak asuh penuh atas anak mereka. Teknik pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara dan pemberian kuesioner gejala stress.Hasil penelitian menunjukan dinamika stress pada ibu tunggal melibatkan gejala stress, sumber stress, dan respon terhadap stress. Pasca bercerai dengan suami ibu tunggal menunjukan gejala stress berupa meningkatnya tekanan darah, mudah marah, sering menunda pekerjaan, perubahan pola makan, peningkatan pola konsumsi rokok, dan gangguan tidur. Sumber stress pada ketiga partisipan adalah hadirnya ‘orang ketiga’ dalam rumah tangga mereka. Respon terhadap stress yang ditunjukan ketiga partisipan adalah anxiety, anger and aggression, dan cognitive impairment. Pada penelitian ini juga ditemukan perbedaan penghayatan emosi terhadap stressor perceraian antar ibu tunggal. Partisipan 1 dan 3 memiliki penghayatan emosi yang cenderung negatif terhadap perceraiannya dan menganggap stressor tersebut sebagai traumatic event. Sedangkan partisipan 2 memiliki penghayatan emosi yang positif terhadap perceraiannya dan hanya menganggap stressor minor sehingga bisa cepat bangkit dari keterpurukan. Coping stress pasca perceraian yang dilakukan ibu tunggal yang bekerja meliputi planfull problem solving, confrontative, seeking for social support, distance, escape/avoidance, positive reappraisal, self-control, dan acceptance responsibility. Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan pula kompleksitas stressor pada partisipan yang menyebabkan multiple stress. Temuan ini berbanding lurus dengan penelitian Chinaveh (2013) dimana individu yang gagal mengatasi tekanan-tekanan akan mengalami kelelahan mental dan fisik atau terserang penyakit.
The aim of this study is to identify factors which support survivors of sex trafficking to be resilient after their experience of trafficking. This is a qualitative study using case study approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with female sex trafficking survivors. Thematic analysis method was implemented to analyze the data.Result reveals some risk factors which survivors encountered including personal factor, family poverty, family disintegration anddisfunction, negative peer influence and juvenile delinquency, unsupportive community, and public stigma. Resilient survivors could basically overcome those risks and were supported by some personal protective factors, such as belief system, self-efficacy, effective coping skill, and personal motivation. Protective support could also be socially sourced, such as from family, peers, and shelter.
The purpose of this research is to get an idea of the psychological welfare of street children who live in shelters, psychological characteristics of these children and parenting skills mapping foster parents in a shelter. This research use both quantitative and qualitative research with samples of 40 street children residing in ‘LIPONSOS UPTD Kampung Anak Negeri’ and ‘Rumah Pintar Matahari’, and three caregivers in two places. Data gathering tools using the Child Life Satisfaction Scale is an adaptation of the Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale developed by Scott Huebner (2001) and a structured interview guide. Data analysis techniques in this study is the Pearson correlation technique and content analysis. Results of analysis of data on the variables mental life Satisfaction of children show that there were 10 children with very low (25%)mental life satisfaction, in the low category 2 (5%), the medium category 16 (40%), and high categories of 12 childrens (30%) and none at all were included in the very high category. A general description of the psychological characteristics of childrens who are in shelters, as follows: general conditions for children are still carried away with the previous environment, speech is still rough, still often quarrel; childrens are still difficult to set, lack of discipline, disrespectful; rebellious / disobedient; likes telling personal problems; still likes violation of the rules established foundations / shelters; have a tendency to get revenge if corporal punishment and have a tendency to be perpetrators and victims of bullying / violence. Meanwhile parenting skills mapping in shelters include: patient and gentle in dealing with the child; the face of the child is not with anger; distantlyrelated to children; must patiently faced children from various backgrounds; talk to children in a good way; children need the attention of caregivers; responsible for children's issues to convey; monitoring children and approached the children so he would open; role as fathers, listen to them and provide solutions to probl ems that children naturally; try to be on time, take care of nature, set the time, give adequate attention to children; communication and ensure the children in good condition; accommodate a story about the problems children with friends and homesick; advise children who are still lazy; impose appropriate penalties for the error, but not corporal punishment; maintain transparency and create a comfortable condition and safe for children, they should treat the family; accepting input from children; provide guidance to children who resist; treat children in accordance with their individual characteristics; reward for positive behavior.
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