As a research method, case studies are often used in qualitative research, but there is no agreement on research procedures. Case studies have been widely used in psychology, which is not only used in the context of research but it has different meanings. The purpose of this article is to provide a description of the case study as a research method, by providing an overview of the procedures for conducting research which includes when case studies can be used, research design, data collection, data validity, and data analysis. This article seeks to help emerging researchers in the field of psychology with several views from Robert Yin and Robert Stake. This article helps researchers to familiarize themselves with the procedures of qualitative research using case studies. A case study approach that is applied correctly can be a valuable method for conducting research, especially in the field of psychology as a means of developing theory, evaluating programs, developing interventions.

The implementation and development of an EMS system is varied among LMICs. Many LMICs lack an organized EMS system with most ambulances used purely for transport and not as an emergency care vehicle. Financial issues are the most common problems faced by LMICs with support from developed countries a necessity. Suryanto , Plummer V , Boyle M . EMS systems in lower-middle income countries: a literature review. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(1):64-70.

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This study aims to analyze financial literacy and find out the factors that influence the financial literacy ofmicro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the city of Bandung. This study uses a quantitativeapproach to the type of verification research. Primary data is obtained through the distribution ofquestionnaires to MSMEs players in the city of Bandung. The sampling technique uses proportional randomsampling with a sample size of 30 respondents. Other data is obtained through library observation andstudy. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results showed that the financialliteracy of SMEs in the city of Bandung was in the medium category. There are several factors thatsimultaneously influence financial literacy, namely age, formal education level, and business income. Whilepartially only the formal education level and business income that influences the level of financial literacy.While age does not have an effect on the level of financial literacy.

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Tujuan penelitian untuk: (1) menemukan prosedur pengembangan tes diagnostik kesulitan belajar matematika SD/MI, (2) mengetahui kualitas butir tes diagnostik yang dikembangkan, dan (3) mengetahui informasi yang dapat dimunculkan dari hasil analisis tes diagnostik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dari Borg & Gall. Subjek uji sebanyak 542 orang siswa kelas VI SD/MI di Kota Banda Aceh dan Aceh Besar. Analisis kuantitatif untuk mengetahui informasi butir tes menggunakan program ITEMAN dan Program R. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) pengembangan tes diagnostik kesulitan belajar matematika di SD ini meliputi: studi pendahuluan, studi literatur dan hasil­hasil penelitian, analisis masalah, merumuskan learning continuum, merumuskan peta konsep, menyusun tes essay, polarisasi jawaban siswa, menyusun tes bentuk pilihan ganda, validasi pakar melalui focus group discussion, uji coba terbatas, dan uji yang diperluas, (2) indeks daya beda butir tes antara 0,391 sampai dengan 2,317, indeks kesukaran butir tes antara -2,158 sampai dengan 2,528, kecocokan uji tes dengan kemampuan peserta (θ) antara -2,00 sampai dengan 2,60, dan fungsi informasi tes antara 0,111 sampai dengan 3,879, dan (3) informasi yang dapat dimunculkan dari tes meliputi: hasil tes secara klasikal dan individual, grafik ketuntasan belajar, profil individual, analisis salah konsepsi dan saran remedial.Kata kunci: tes diagnostik, kesulitan belajar matematika______________________________________________________________ DEVELOPING DIAGNOSTIC TEST OF MATHEMATICS LEARNING DIFFICULTIES IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLSAbstract The purposes of this study were: (1)to find a method to develop diagnostic test of mathematics learning difficulties in primary schools, (2) to determine the diagnostic test characteristics developed, and (3) to determine the information that could be generated by using diagnostic test. This study was a development research by Borg & Gall. The participants of main field testing were 542 grade VI students of primary schools in Banda Aceh City and Aceh Besar Regency. The quantitative analysis to determine the information of the test items developed used ITEMAN program and R Program. The results of this study are: (1) in developing the diagnostic test of the mathematics learning difficulties, the research phase included preliminary study, literature and research results study, problem analysis, formulating learning continuum, formulating concept map, preparing essay-form tests, students' answers polarization, preparing multiple-choice tests, experts' validation with focus group discussion, preliminary and readability tests, operational field testing, and main field testing to obtain model that fitted theoretically and empirically, (2) discriminating power of test items index ranges from 0.391 to 2.317, the difficulty test items index ranges from -2.158 to 2.528, the test compatibility testing with the participants ability (0) ranges from -2.00 to 2.60 and the test information function ranges from 0.111 to 3.879, and (3) the information that can be generated from the diagnostic test includes classically and individually test results, graphic of learning outcomes attainment, individual profile, every answers analysis, false conception and remedial suggestion analysis.Keywords: diagnostic test, mathematics learning difficulties

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The purpose of this research is to provide empirical evident whether insider ownership, firm size, profitability, leverage, liquidity, earnings per share and price to book ratio have significant influence of dividend policy. Sample in this research are nonfinancial companies, which are listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange over the three years period 2012 until 2014. This research used purposive sampling method. The sample of this research consist of 52 companies that meet in criteria. This research uses multiple regression analysis to find out the influence of all independent variables above to dividend policy. The result of the research showed that firm size, leverage, earnings per share and price to book ratio had a significant influence on dividend policy, while insider ownership, profitability and liquidity had no influence.