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Abstract.This study was conducted to analyze the competence of primary school teachers in implementing the 2013 curriculum. The 2013 curriculum has been implemented in almost all schools and there are still many unsuccessful implementations in several Indonesian schools. Therefore it is important to study the teachers' competence in implementing the 2013 curriculum. A qualitative research design was carried out in this study by utilizing argumentative descriptive analysis. The data was collected by carrying out in depth interviews to the primary schools teachers who were selected by random sampling techniques. The results of this study indicated that primary school teachers have insufficient competence in implementing the 2013 curriculum especially in designing lesson plan, lesson plan implementation and assessment practices. Consequently, it is recommended that further intensive training and focus group discussion should be held to improve the teachers' competence in implementing the 2013 curriculum.

The advancement of technology requires higher skill in obtaining information due to the rapid flows of information in this recent globalization era. Consequently,  reading comprehension becomes an important language skill for students to nurture. In classroom practices, Indonesian students still encounter problems in English reading comprehension. The present classroom action study dealt with improving reading comprehension through collaborative learning. This is due to some studies revealed that collaborative learning is an effective learning strategy to improve students' learning achievement. The data were collected by administering a pre-test in reading comprehension prior to the teaching cycle and two post-tests at the end of every teaching cycle. The results showed that collaborative learning is significantly effective to improve students' reading comprehension and critical thinking. This study implies that teachers should consider the integration of collaborative learning in teaching reading comprehension.

Education is a key to a successful life for all human beings. Having a good education certainly helps people to have a better life and improve their living standard. Therefore, education should be continually conducted meaningfully to enhance students’ competence. However, carrying out effective learning and appropriate classroom assessment during the coronavirus pandemic could be highly challenging for the teachers to do. Teachers need to utilize various technological devices to assess students' learning competence. This is due to online learning has become a priority in learning activities in the pandemic situation. Consequently, teachers must have broader horizons on how to conduct the learning processes and appropriate assessment strategies and operate various communication technologies. This study found that English teachers implemented three types of online assessment strategies to improve students' learning competence during the pandemic of Covid-19 in Indonesia. Those strategies are online test administration, portfolio, and self-assessment. Several challenges were accoutered by the teachers in carrying out the classroom assessment through online systems such as slow internet network, expensive internet quota prices, limited access to computer and smartphone devices, poor ability in using digital technology, difficulty in conducting effective interaction. Feedback was occasionally provided when the learning processes were conducted through zoom meeting or google meet. The study implies that teachers should improve their communication technology ability and fulfill online assessment strategies' administrative procedures.

The present study was conducted which aims at developing teaching methods of Indonesian as a foreign language. This study was carried out for two years in the form of Research and Development design to develop accuracy of teaching methods to be employed to teach the Indonesian language. The study was conducted as an important and crucial issue encountered by prospective teachers of Indonesian as a foreign language to face global challenges in which teachers of Indonesian are urgently required to teach effectively. In addition, this study was conducted to prepare the Indonesian teachers to be professional teachers and ready to face the competitive world of work. In the first year, the research was focused on creating a draft of effective learning methods to teach Indonesian as a foreign language. Consequently, this study was started by analyzing the teaching methods that have been used by various language learning institutions. The second year, the study is mainly focused on trying out and validated the learning methods to ensure their effectiveness to teach Indonesian as a foreign language.

The present study was conducted to analyze the assessment models employed by Indonesian elementary school teachers in the context of assessment models as suggested by the curriculum in 2013. The analysis includes the selected assessment models and their implementation in real classroom settings to assess the students' attitudes, knowledge, and skills. This study made use of a qualitative research design in which the data were analyzed by means of deep argumentation and presented descriptively. Data were collected through direct observation and in-depth interviews to the selected elementary school teachers. The collected data were analyzed in an analytical manner to obtain the findings. The findings of the present study indicated that primary school teachers employed various models of assessment based on the aspects of attitudes, knowledge, and skills. Assessment of the students' attitude includes observation, selfassessment, peer assessment, and teachers' records. Assessment of the students' knowledge includes a written test, an oral test, and assignment. Assessment of the students' skill includes performance, portfolio and project. Meanwhile, the scores of the students' achievement were analyzed based on the scores of the students' attitude obtained by using the instruments, such as observation blank sheet, Self-assessment, peer assessment, and teacher' records. Self-assessment and peer assessment were also used as a confirmation of the scores for the report card and the teachers' records were mainly used to provide the suggestions for the students' improvement.

The present study aimed at developing communicative language tests for vocational high school students.  A Research and Development design was employed in this study with the primary target was to develop communicative English language tests. The main procedures in the development of the test include: (1) identifying objectives, (2) developing the test specification, (3) developing the communicative tests, (4) analyzing the results of the preliminary tryout of the communicative tests drafts, (5) revising the communicative test drafts, (6) trying out the communicative test drafts, (7) analyzing the results of the tryout of the communicative tests, (8) revising the communicative test drafts. Questionnaires and observation blanks sheet was used to gather comments, opinions, and criticisms on the draft of communicative tests from a number of selected experts. The analysis of the communicative tests tryout was done to ensure the validity, reliability, and practicality of the tests.

The main concern of the present study is to analyze the educational values of the oral text of genjek oral tradition performed by several genjek groups in Karangasem, eastern part of Bali. Genjek is one of the most popular oral traditions in Bali and it is a spontaneous performing oral art by a group of young villagers to express their feeling, thought, and criticisms to the existing conditions of the country. All criticisms and suggestions are conveyed through songs in common Balinese language accompanied by acoustic Balinese bamboo music instruments. Their performances are usually funny and entertaining. Most of the lyrics are created spontaneously during the performance. As an oral traditional, genjek is mainly performed for entertainment and the education of their supporting society. This study found that most of the oral text of genjek Karangasem contains educational values which are really important to maintain the harmony of the social life of the society. In addition, the present study revealed that genjek is also an effective way of educating a big crowd of people. Therefore, it is recommended that genjek should be utilized more extensively, especially in social education and in conveying mass information which is needed to be known by the society.