The workload was predicted based on work pulse that was measured using 10 beats method on radial artery with a stopwatch. The indication of subjective disorders was measured based on the farmers' general fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders before and after work. General fatigue was measured using 30 Items Self-Rating Questionnaire Industrial Fatigue Research Committee from Japan Association of Industrial Health, while musculoskeletal disorders were measured using NIOSH Nordic Body Map Subjective Filling. Environment temperature was measured using sling Psychrometer. The noise was measured using Gossen's sound level meter. Statistical analysis to find out the mean difference of the data before and after work was analyzed using t-Paired test with significance level of 5%. RULA result recommended changing from bending work posture using the old tool into standing work posture using new hole maker. The old work posture (P0) showed RULA grand score of 7 with high-risk level, while the new work posture (P1) showed RULA grand score of 3 with low-risk level. There was a significant difference on subjective disorders of the farmers (p<0.05) on P0 and P1 on general fatigue and musculoskeletal disorders. The fatigue score of P0 was 51.27 while P1 was 40.82 which meant there was a reduction of 20.4%. While the musculoskeletal disorders score of P0 was 70.75 and P1 was 50.58 which meant there was a reduction of 28.5%. It can be concluded that the improvement of work posture using RULA analysis decreases work risk level and subjective disorders of strawberry farmers in Bali.

In cutting of fresh palm coconut by using of egrek tools have repeatition movement and need extra of muscle strength. The worker have exhaution experience, so sometimes they took a rest in working time. Using of muscle continously and unergonomic position of worker could lead musculosceletal problems. In order to balance of enough nutrient and proper worker’s posture. The aim of this research to prove that consumption of banana, short rest and stretching in reducing of musculosceletal problems, exhaution and increasing of permanent palm coconut worker productivity in using of egrek tools. The research was done in form of PT. SSD Berau, with treatment by subject design toward 16 workers sample. Period I (P0) of harvest process without intervention and period II (P1) of harvest process with intervention. Exhaution  was using 30 item of rating scale exhaution and productivity based on output and input comparison. Data tasted by t-paired test in testing of musculosceletal problem, exhaution and productivity difference in significant level ? = 0.05 before and after working. And t-independent test for difference between groups. The result of research with intervention of musculoskeletal problems of period I before work 37.44 ± 1,21 and after 69.25 ± 2.24, period II before work 37.75 ± 1,13 and after 47,25 ± 4,95 decrease of 31.77%; exhaution period I before working 39.31 ± 1.35 and after 72.63 ± 1.50, period II before work 36.69 ± 1.62 and after 55.38 ± 1.78 decrease of 23.75%, productivity period I 0.51 ± 0.08 and period II 0.70 ± 0.06 increase of  38.40%. There was decreasing in musculoskeletal problems, exhaution and increase productivity with signifikan level (p <0.05).It can be concluded the giving of banana, short rest and stretching decrease musculoskeletal problems, exhaution and increase productivity of harvesters egrek tool user of palm oil plantation PT. SSD. It suggested to apply the interventions in oil palm plantations in reducing musculoskeletal problems, exhaution for increased productivity.

Breastfeeding is a very important activity for both mother and baby. In the breastfeeding state the relationship between mother and baby will be tight and close. The old method and also duration of breastfeeding can cause fatigue, shoulder muscle tension, and soreness / stiffness in breastfeeding mothers. Problems due to absence of the use of pillow when mother breastfeed and mothers only depending on her limb to sustain baby when breastfeeding. In this case we need an ergonomic pillow to help mother feeding her baby. The purpose of this research is to investigate the use of redesigning nursing pillow can reduce fatigue, musculoskeletal complaints in breastfeeding mothers, to determine the use redesigning nursing pillow increase the motivation of mothers to breastfeed the baby as well as increase the satisfaction of nursing infants.This research held in as an experimental research draft of pre and post control group design. Samples that were included in this study was 22 people divided into two groups. The control group will breastfeeding using older model nursing pillow, while the another group will use the new redesign nursing pillow. Data analysis using t-test paried significance level of 5%.The result showed mother’s motivation after breastfeeding in both groups increased, the control group (18.27 ± 2.370) and the treatment group (15.45 ± 1.809). Baby satisfaction in the control group (11.09 ± 0.943), while the treatment group (12.27 ± 0.904). Exhausted mother’s in the control group (39.64 ± 2.803), while the treatment group (32.64 ± 1.504).Musculoskeletal disorders that mother’s felt in the control group (37.54 ± 1.694), while the treatment group (30.81 ± 2.136).Based on the study can be concluded that redesign breastfeeding pillow can giving impact to increase motivation and baby satisfaction and also decrease fatigue and musculoskeletal complain/disorder that mothers can feel. So hopefully by using this nursing pillow design maximizes mothers to breastfeed

The aim of the research was to analyze the work posture of the workers using the RULA method. The research was conducted experimentally by applying the treatment by subject design using 12 samples which were given two treatments; wok molding workers with the former molding facility (P0), and wok molding workers with the new molding facility with the ergonomic intervention (PI). Conclusion of this research is the RULA analysis result on the work posture of placing the end work on the temporary place (P0) gave a score of 7. This score shows a high-risk level and needs work posture improvement immediately. The work on PI showed the RULA score of 3, which means that there is a decrease from a high risk at a low-risk level. The average time needed to mold a wok on P0 was 1.46 minutes/unit, and on PI was 1.23 minutes/unit or down 18.7%. Therefore it recommended for wok molding worker to use ergonomic work posture (PI).

Pendahuluan: Kondisi fisik merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap pemain dalam upaya pencapaian prestasi maksimal. Kemampuan kondisi fisik yang baik ditandai dengan pemain memiliki VO2max yang baik. VO2max merupakan nilai tertinggi dimana seseorang dapat mengkonsumsi oksigen selama latihan. VO2max dapat ditingkatkan dengan latihan fisik seperti latihan fartlek dan continous running.  Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan latihan fartlek dan continous running dalam meningkatkan VO2max pada siswa ekstrakurikuler bola voli MAN 2 Manggarai. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan Randomized Pre –Post Test Two Group Design. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 26 orang yang dibagi menjadi dua Kelompok. Kelompok 1 berjumlah 13 orang yang diberi pelatihan fartlek dan Kelompok 2 berjumlah 13 orang yang diberikan pelatihan continous running. Pelatihan ini dilakukan selama enam minggu dengan frekuensi waktu tiga kali setiap minggu. VO2max diukur dengan Multi Fitnes Test (MFT) sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan dan perbedaannya diuji dengan paired sampel t-test dan independent sampel t-test. Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian rerata sebelum pelatihan Kelompok 1 sebesar 32,14±2,6 ml/kg/menit dan sesudah pelatihan 33,59±3,0 ml/kg/menit (p<0,05). Kelompok 2 sebelum pelatihan sebesar 33,01±2,2 dan setelah pelatihan 34,55±2,6 ml/kg/menit (p<0,05), sehingga dapat dikatakan ada peningkatan VO2max pada ke dua Kelompok setelah diberi perlakuan. Rerata sesudah perlakuan Kelompok 1  sebesar 33,59±3,0 ml/kg/menit dan Kelompok 2 sebesar 34,55±2,6 ml/kg/menit menunjukkan nilai p = 0,623, hal ini berarti Kelompok 1 dan Kelompok 2 tidak berbeda bermakna karena nilai p>0,05. Tidak ada perbedaan pada ke dua Kelompok, hal ini disebabkan karena ke dua Kelompok  diberikan perlakuan dengan takaran yang sama. Simpulan: Latihan fartlek dapat meningkatkan VO2max pada siswa ekstrakurikuler bola voli. Latihan continous running dapat meningkatkan VO2max pada siswa ekstrakurikuler bola voli. Tidak ada perbedaan latihan fartlek dan Latihan continous running dalam meningkatkan VO2max pada siswa ekstrakurikuler bola voli MAN 2 Manggarai.

The public is increasingly aware of the importance of exercise for the elderly because exercise is an option to reduce complaints due to setbacks and improve the health of the elderly. In fact the implementation in the field is often wrong as in Banjar Benaya which implements routine exercises only once a week with a duration less than 30 minutes, does not pay attention to nutritional needs, does not use sports clothing, and displays that are not clear. The measurement of elderly physical fitness is still relatively low. Based on these problems, improvements were made to the application of ergonomic elderly gymnastics due to improve elderly’s physical fitness and increase the bone mass.  This study used a treatment by subject design conducted in April 2017-August 2018. The target population was all elderly in Denpasar and the affordable population was determined by multistage random sampling then selected Banjaya Benaya Peguyangan Village with a sample of 20 people who met the inclusion criteria. The data collection were physical fitness and bone mass. The difference in treatment effects were analyzed using a Paired Sample t-Test with α = 0.05 for data with normal distribution and Wilcoxon test, α = 0.05 for data with abnormal distribution. Data showed that there were differences in physical fitness improvement in Period I and Period II after 8 weeks of gymnastics at 43.43% with very bad categories being bad, the difference in increase in whole body bone mass was 16.76% and leg bone mass 68.67%. Analysis of Paired Sample-t-Test physical fitness data and Wilcoxon test for bone mass data in Period I and Period II after gymnastics for 8 weeks, found that there was a significant difference (p <0.05). It can be concluded that ergonomic elderly gym can significantly improve physical fitness and increase bone mass of the elderly. It is recommended that the elderly continue to exercise with a duration of 30-45 minutes, the frequency of 3 times a week to maintain elderly’s physical fitness.

The process of nguwad trompong is still considered as a heavy task for workers because it is still done using ember of the perapen (fireplace) that is exposed in open and unnatural work posture such as bending work posture. Moreover, the heat of the perapen furnace makes the work heavier for the nguwad workers which can make them tired easily and cause musculoskeletal disorders or known as subjective disorders. Thus, an experimental research was conducted using treatment by subject design toward 12 gamelan workers in Klungkung Bali. The intervention was done by improving the workstation so that the bending work posture of the prapen workers was changed into sat naturally and the bending-while-standing work posture of the smiths was changed into straighter standing work posture. Musculoskeletal disorders were measured using NIOSH Nordic Body Map Subjective Filling. The general fatigue was measured using 30 Items Self Rating Questionnaire Industrial Fatigue Research Committee from Japan Association of Industrial Health. The data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially on the level of significance α = 0.05. The result showed that there was a decrease of workload 4.2%, musculoskeletal disorders decreased 27.1% and fatigue, in general, decreased 33.7%. Thus it can be concluded that the improvement of work posture using ergonomic approach decreases the subjective disorders of the perapen workers on the process of nguwad.

Pendahuluan: Penurunan fungsi paru merupakan masalah besar pada pasien pascaoperasi jantung. Berbagai teknik latihan napas telah dikembangkan fisioterapi di antaranya deep breathing exercie (DBE), namun teknik ini tidak memberikan informasi volume inspirasi saat latihan. Untuk mengatasi kelemahan latihan DBE maka ditambahkanlah program incentive spirometry.Tujuan penelitian untuk membuktikan penambahan latihan IS pada DBE lebih baik dalam meningkatkan FVC dan FEV1 pada pasien pascaoperasi jantung dibanding hanya DBE. Material dan metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan eksperimental dengan rancangan pretest-posttest control group design. Jumlah sampel penelitian 22 orang dan terbagi ke dalam dua kelompok. Kelompok Perlakuan 1 (KP1) mendapat perlakuan DBE, sedangkan Kelompok Perlakuan 2 (KP2) mendapat perlakuan IS dan DBE. Pengukuran FVC dan FEV1 menggunakan spirometri. Masing-masing kelompok mendapat perlakuan sehari setelah pascaoperasi sampai pasien pulang rawat inap. Hasil penelitian: Dari program DBE pada KP1 terjadi peningkatan FVC dengan nilai rerata pre test 1,33±0,41 liter dan post test 1,74±0,36 lite, dimana p<0,05, demikian juga terdapat peningkatan FEV1 dengan nilai rerata pretest 1,09±0,36 liter dan Posttest 1,46±0,49 liter, dengan p<0,05. Sementara program DBE dan IS pada KP2 terjadi peningkatan FVC dengan nilai rerata pre test 1,12±0,39 liter dan post test 1,84±0,54 liter, dengan nilai p<0,05. Demikian juga terjadi peningkatan rerata FEV1 pre test 1,01±0,40 liter dan post test 1,56±0,52 liter, dengan nilai p<0,05. Perbedaan peningkatan FVC intervensi DBE pada KP1 dan IS+DBE pada KP2 1,74±049 liter dan 1,82±0,54 liter dengan nilai p>0,05. Rerata FEV1 setelah  intervensi  DBE pada KP1 1,46±0,49 liter, dan  setelah intervensi DBE dan IS pada KP2 1,56±0,52 liter, dengan p>0,05. Perbedaan selisih peningkatan FVC  pada tambahan IS + DBE  dan DBE 0,7 liter dan 0,55 liter dan FEV1 0,41 liter dan 0,37 liter.  Simpulan: Disimpulkan bahwa latihan antara IS+DBE dan DBE   pada pasien pascaoperasi jantung sama-sama dapat meningkatkan FVC dan FEV1 secara bermakna, secara statistik selisih peningkatan FVC dan FEV1 antara IS+DBE dibanding DBE tidak bermakna.