This research aimed to evaluate the effects of ergonomic intervention on the musculoskeletal complaints and fatigue experienced by workers of the traditional metal casting industry that manually pour molten metal into molds. The workers' physical complaints are typically in the form of musculoskeletal complaints, which include (1) an activity aspect, (2) a physical aspect, and (3) a motivational aspect. The method used in this research was stratified random sampling. The subjects (n ¼ 127) were divided into three groups, namely, the process cement department (PCD) group, the loam department (LD) group, and the black sand department (BSD) group. The evaluation was carried out using questionnaires based on musculoskeletal complaints and fatigue. Meanwhile, an assessment of musculoskeletal complaints and fatigue was conducted one month before the ergonomic intervention, and then during follow-ups at one and eight months after the ergonomic intervention. The results showed that the average reduction in musculoskeletal complaints and fatigue experienced by the workers in the LD group was lower than that of the workers in the PCD and BSD groups at one and eight months after the ergonomic intervention. The positive effects of the ergonomic intervention on musculoskeletal complaints were evident in terms of the back, waist, left and right thighs, right knee, right ankle, and left foot (p < 0.05). The positive effects of the ergonomic intervention on the level of activity-based fatigue were felt in the body and legs, and the feeling of wanting to lie down decreased. The motivational fatigue experienced by the workers manifested as difficulty in thinking, concentrating, and controlling behavior, while the physical fatigue experienced by the workers was in the form of headaches, back pain, excessive thirst, and feeling unwell (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that ergonomic intervention can reduce both musculoskeletal complaints and fatigue, especially by conducting a morning briefing, using ergonomic ladles when pouring molten metal into molds, and consuming nutritious food during break times.
Metal casting industry including is an industry which produce high dust pollution (fly ash). Improvements in the form of ergonomic interventions have been carried out by many companies, but do not guarantee all parameters run well. The total indoor suspended dust (TSP) measurement results are not enough to guarantee healthy working conditions. Additional assessment of workers' inhaled dust is needed to change pollution control and work improvement to ergonomics. The design of this study is Cross Sectional Study. Research subjects numbered 84 people. All samples met the inclusion criteria. Measurement results of Characteristic of research subject, Working Environment Conditions, Exposition of dust inhaled by workers, Total Indoor Suspended Dust of the Company (p > 0.05). Found critical hours of workers exposed to dust (fly ash), starting from 4 h after working (Department of Process Cement, Department of Black Sand) and 2 h after working for the Department of Loam. Critical hours exposed to dust (fly ash) used as the basis for company management and regulators to take new policies in controlling fly ash pollution and ergonomic interventions. Ergonomic interventions can be carried out by activating the dust collector at critical hours, applying active resting hours at critical hours and conditioning workers to breathe fresh air. The impact of this ergonomic intervention is a decrease in musculoskeletal complaints by 25.27%, reduction in boredom 25.01%, and an increase in job satisfaction 38.46%.
In cutting of fresh palm coconut by using of egrek tools have repeatition movement and need extra of muscle strength. The worker have exhaution experience, so sometimes they took a rest in working time. Using of muscle continously and unergonomic position of worker could lead musculosceletal problems. In order to balance of enough nutrient and proper worker’s posture. The aim of this research to prove that consumption of banana, short rest and stretching in reducing of musculosceletal problems, exhaution and increasing of permanent palm coconut worker productivity in using of egrek tools. The research was done in form of PT. SSD Berau, with treatment by subject design toward 16 workers sample. Period I (P0) of harvest process without intervention and period II (P1) of harvest process with intervention. Exhaution was using 30 item of rating scale exhaution and productivity based on output and input comparison. Data tasted by t-paired test in testing of musculosceletal problem, exhaution and productivity difference in significant level ? = 0.05 before and after working. And t-independent test for difference between groups. The result of research with intervention of musculoskeletal problems of period I before work 37.44 ± 1,21 and after 69.25 ± 2.24, period II before work 37.75 ± 1,13 and after 47,25 ± 4,95 decrease of 31.77%; exhaution period I before working 39.31 ± 1.35 and after 72.63 ± 1.50, period II before work 36.69 ± 1.62 and after 55.38 ± 1.78 decrease of 23.75%, productivity period I 0.51 ± 0.08 and period II 0.70 ± 0.06 increase of 38.40%. There was decreasing in musculoskeletal problems, exhaution and increase productivity with signifikan level (p <0.05).It can be concluded the giving of banana, short rest and stretching decrease musculoskeletal problems, exhaution and increase productivity of harvesters egrek tool user of palm oil plantation PT. SSD. It suggested to apply the interventions in oil palm plantations in reducing musculoskeletal problems, exhaution for increased productivity.
Objective. Current evidence has shown academic stress to be associated with student maladaptive behavior. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a problem-focused coping stress management program on first-year medical students’ self-efficacy, psychological distress and find its effect on salivary cortisol. Method. Forty students who scored high on academic stress and external locus of control were randomly selected as the intervention (n = 26) and control group (n = 14). An intervention in the form of a problem-focused coping stress management program was organized. The intervention was a 1½-hour training class conducted once a week for four weeks. Results. There was a significant difference in self-efficacy between the intervention and control groups (p-value = 0.029). The self-efficacy score was significantly higher after the intervention (19.31 ± 2.396 vs 21.27 ± 2.677, p = 0.005). Likewise, a significant difference in the psychological distress between the two groups was found after the intervention (control group = 40.14 ± 3.860; intervention group = 37.12 ± 4.537, p < 0.05). We also found a significant decrease in salivary cortisol after the intervention among this group (0.68262 μg/dl ± 0.367 to 0.43304 μg/dl ± 0.231, p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in cortisol between intervention and control group after the intervention (0.49479 μg/dl ± 0.264 and 0.43304 μg/dl ± 0.231, p = 0.448). Conclusion. The problem-focused coping stress management program improved self-efficacy and decreased the psychological distress and salivary cortisol of first-year medical students in this research.
Background: Légong dance is a famous Balinese dance with a dynamic movement. It potentially becomes an exercise of choice to improve young girls’ physical fitness. This study aimed to evaluate légong dance training’s effect on physical fitness compared with aerobic training. Methods: Forty young girls were randomly assigned to the aerobic training (AG) and lègong dance (DG) group and trained with jogging and lègong dancing at moderate-intensity aerobic training. Each was carried out for 30 minutes, 3 times a week, for 6 weeks. Result: Aerobic capacity (estimated maximal oxygen consumption) improved significantly in AG and DG, with a mean difference and Cohen d effect size of 0.36 mL/kg/min and 0.68. The back- and leg-muscle strength increased significantly in DG and AG, with a mean difference of 5.55 kg and 6.67 kg, and an effect size of 0.69 and 0.77. Balance improved significantly in DG and AG, with a mean difference of 21.26 seconds and an effect size of 1.05. All significant values are reported at P < .05. There were no significant improvements in arm muscle strength, body fat percentage, and flexibility in either group (P > .05). Conclusion: Lègong dance training results in significant physical fitness improvement and better results than aerobic training.
Anaerobic threshold is the level of oxygen consumption where lactate concentration in blood increasing rapidly and systemic. One of exercises which increase anaerobic threshold is high intensity interval training (HIIT), with training load over anaerobic threshold in a short time and interspersed with active recovery. Another form is steady state training (SST), with training load approaching anaerobic threshold constantly. The purpose of this study to determine differences in the effectiveness of HIIT and SST among students member of short distance running athletic extracurricular groups in Denpasar. This study is pre test and post test experimental group design for 6 weeks and three times a week. Samples included 24 people divided into 2 groups. Group 1 HIIT with the training load of 95% maximum heart rate and Group 2 SST with the training load 80% of maximum heart rate. Measurement of anaerobic threshold by determining Heart Rate Deflection Point (HRDP) according to the Conconi track protocol. The results of the study in both groups obtained subjects 12-16 years old, male, body weight 50-65 kg, height 160-178 cm, and IMT from 16.33 to 22.27 kg / m2. Mean of anaerobic threshold before HIIT training 178.17 ± 2.368 x/minute, while after HIIT increased to 197.83 ± 3.460 x/minute. Mean of anaerobic threshold before SST 177.17 ± 1.586 x/minute, while after SST increased to 185.25 ± 1.288 x/minute. Test of different mean of anaerobic threshold pretest within Group 1 and Group 2 showed that p=0,237 (p>0,05). Test of different mean of increasing anaerobic threshold before and after training in Group 1 and Group 2 using Independent t-Test data test post two groups showed that p = 0.01 (p <0.05). Its concluded HIIT increase anaerobic threshold more than SST among students member of short distance running athletic extracurricular groups in Denpasar. Suggestions for this study are expected coaches able to provide proper training and monitoring methods HRDP evaluation in improving the achievement of athletes.
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