In this study, the clinical findings and results of haematological and biochemical analyses of 26 cattle with botulism were evaluated. The most important clinical signs in the affected cattle included: decreased appetite, ataxia, difficulty to rise, loss of tongue tone, salivation and bradycardia. A definitive diagnosis of botulism was based on demonstration of the preformed toxin in ruminal and intestinal contents and feed materials including poultry litter, by mouse inoculation test. This study is the first confirmation, by direct toxin isolation, of Clostridium botulinum type C and Clostridium botulinum type D in cattle, in Turkey.

No abstract

Twenty Holstein calves were used to investigate the effects of mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) supplementation in the whole milk on growth performance, faecal score, faecal pH, selected faecal bacterial populations and health during the preweaning period. Healthy calves selected by clinical examination were allocated to one of the two groups (control [CG] and experimental [EG]) at 5 days old. Each group consisted of 5 male and 5 female calves. Each calf in EG was supplemented with 7 g/d of a MOS product (Celmanax) from 5 days to 56 days of age. MOS supplement was mixed with the whole milk once in the morning and administered to the calves in EG via nipple bottle, whereas the calves in CG were fed the whole milk without MOS. Calves were weaned at 56 days of age. The final body weight, average daily weight gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were statistically similar (p>0.05) but were higher by 3.70%, 6.66%, and 10.97%, respectively, in MOS than in control calves. Feed efficiency (ADG/ADFI) was also similar in two calves group. While faecal scores did not differ on day 5, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, 49, and 56 between groups, EG had a higher faecal score (p = 0.05) than CG on day 35. Faecal concentration of Lactobacillus was lower (p<0.05) in EG compared with CG. No differences (p>0.05) in faecal concentrations of Bifidobacterium, Clostridium perfringens, and Escherichia coli were found between groups. Although there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the incidence of diarrhoea, treatment days for diarrhoea and the costs associated with diarrhoea treatments between groups, collectively, the observed reductions in treatment days and the cost of diarrhoea treatments accompanying increases in final body weight, ADG and ADFI for EG may indicate potential benefit of MOS in treatment of diarrhoea.

The low plasma bioavailability of IVM observed after oral administration in laying hens could result in lower efficacy or subtherapeutic plasma concentrations, which may promote the development of parasitic drug resistance. Due to high IVM residues in eggs compared to the maximum residue limits for other food-producing animal species, a withdrawal period should be necessary for eggs after IVM treatment in laying hens.

No abstract

Ausbruch von malignem Ödem bei Schafen nach Vakzination mit einem multivalenten Clostridien-ToxoidimpfstoffTierärztl Prax 2010; 38 (G): 165-167

Erythrocyte indices, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC) values provide important information for the diagnosis of anaemia in iron deficiency conditions and inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum iron status and its relation with haematological indexes before and after parturition in sheep. Blood samples were collected from pregnant (n=30) and non-pregnant aged-matching Ivesi sheep (n=30), housed under the same conditions, at 1 week (wk) (±2 days) before expected parturition, in parturition (baseline), at day 1 and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 12 th wk subsequent to the parturition, to determine the serum levels of iron (SI), TIBC and UIBC as well as the haematological parameters. Erythrocyte (RBC) count, haematocrit (Hct) and haemoglobin (Hb) values dropped at 12 wk (P<0.05) according to 1 wk (±2 days) before expected parturition and during parturition. Mean corpuscular volume concentrations were also found lower (P<0.05) at 4-12 wk after parturition, in comparison with their baselines. After the parturition, SI concentration decreased at day 1 (P<0.05) and then remained low (P<0.05) during the study. TIBC was higher for the first 2 wk, but was lower at 6-12 wk compared with its baseline (P<0.05). UIBC values were in parallel to TIBC values after the parturition. In conclusion; negative effects on leukocytes of metabolic stress after delivery should be taken into consideration, as it can trigger the potential problems during this period. In postpartum period, SI levels along with erythrocyte indices can be useful parameters to follow the iron loss by fetus and colostrum. Incompatible results of TIBC and UIBC levels with SI and erythrocyte indices in this study showed that TIBC and UIBC may not be useful biomarkers to evaluate serum iron values, particularly in postpartum period. Keywords: Iron, Binding Capacity, Unsaturated, Erythrocyte Indices, Sheep Koyunlarda Doğum Öncesi ve Sonrası Serum Demir Durumu ve Hematolojik Endekslerle İlişkisi ÖzetEritrosit belirteçleri, total demir bağlama kapasitesi (TIBC) ve demir bağlama kapasitesi (UIBC) değerleri demir eksikliği durumları ve inflamatuar hastalıklarda, aneminin tanısı için önemli bilgiler sağlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı, doğum öncesi ve sonrası koyunlarda serum demir durumu ve hematolojik endekslerle ilişkisini değerlendirmektir. Serum demir seviyesi (SI), TIBC, UIBC ve hematolojik parametreleri belirlemek üzere kan örnekleri aynı yaş ve barındırılma koşullarındaki gebe (n=30) ve gebe olmayan (n=30) İvesi koyunlarından doğumdan tahmini 1 hafta (±2 gün) önce, doğum zamanı ve doğumdan 1 gün sonra ve 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 ve 12. haftalarda toplandı. Eritrosit (RBC), hematokrit (Hct) değer ve hemoglobin (Hb) seviyeleri postpartum dönemin 12. haftasına doğru (P<0.05) doğumdan 1 hafta (±2 gün) önceki ve doğum sırasındaki değerlerine oranla daha düşüktü. Ayrıca doğum sonrası 4-12. haftalardaki ortalama eritrosit hacmi konsantrasyonları da doğum sırasındaki değerlerine oranla düşük bulundu (P<0.05...

The aim of this study was to assess serum asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), thyroxine (T4), cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) levels in dogs with normal body condition and obese dogs. A total of 40 dogs (n = 40) were included in the study and dogs were divided into two groups; 20 dogs with normal body condition and 20 obese dogs. The dogs were grouped according to the five-point body-condition scoring (BCS) system. Serum ADMA, cTnI, T4, cholesterol, and TG levels were measured in addition to routine biochemical parameters. Serum ADMA, cTnI, TG, and cholesterol levels were statistically significant between the two groups (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.027, P = 0.006, respectively). There was a positive correlation between the serum cholesterol levels and both TG and cTnI levels among obese dogs. It is thought that the findings of this study may help future studies in determining novel biomarkers for obesity in dogs.